Cytokines Levels and Salivary Microbiome Play A Potential Role in Oral Lichen Planus Diagnosis

Abstract Background : Oral microbiota is not only important for maintaining oral health but also plays a role in oral diseases. However, studies regarding microbiome changes in oral lichen planus(OLP)are very limited. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the characteristic microbial profile in the saliva of OLP patients, with or without erosive lesions, and compare that with recurrent aphthous ulcer (RAU), a common oral immunological disorder that also shows multiple erosive/ulcerative lesions. Methods : Whole saliva samples were collected from 20 patients with OLP (10 each for erosive (E) and non-erosive (NE) groups), 10 patients with RAU (U group), and 10 healthy controls (C). DNA was extracted from the saliva samples, and the 16S rDNA gene V4 hypervariable region was analyzed using Illumina sequencing. Results were assessed with alpha- and beta-diversity, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size, and the data was analyzed by Spearman’s rank correlation,Wilcoxon and Kruskal test. Results: We obtained 4949 operational taxonomic units from the V4 region in all saliva samples. Community composition analysis showed a clear decreased relative abundance of genera Streptococcus and Sphingomonas in saliva from RAU patients when compared to the other three groups. Relative abundance of Lautropia and Gemella were higher in E group,whereas relative abundance of Haemophilus and Neisseria were higher in NE group when compared to C group. Abiotrophia and Oribacterium were higher in OLP (combining E and NE groups), while Eikenella and Aggregatibacter were lower when compared to C group. There was statistically significance in α-diversity between E and RAU groups( p <0.05). Significant differences in β-diversity were detected in bacteria between E and C; NE and C; as well as E and NE groups. Conclusion： We found that salivary microbiome in OLP was significantly different from that found in RAU; and these changes may be related to the underlying disease process rather than presence of ulcerative/erosive lesions clinically. In addition, our findings in bacterial relative abundance in OLP were significantly different from the previously reported findings, which points to the need for further research in salivary microbiome of OLP.

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Dysbiosis of saliva microbiome in patients with oral lichen planus

10.21203/rs.2.16927/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

FeiYan Yu ◽

QianQian Wang ◽

Miao Li ◽

Ya-Hsin Cheng ◽

Yi-Shing Lisa Cheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lichen Planus ◽

Relative Abundance ◽

Oral Lichen Planus ◽

Disease Process ◽

Composition Analysis ◽

Oral Microbiota ◽

Linear Discriminant ◽

Α Diversity ◽

Whole Saliva ◽

Oral Lichen

Abstract Background : Oral microbiota is not only important for maintaining oral health but also plays a role in oral diseases. However, studies regarding microbiome changes in oral lichen planus(OLP)are very limited. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the characteristic microbial profile in the saliva of OLP patients, with or without erosive lesions, and compare that with recurrent aphthous ulcer (RAU), a common oral immunological disorder that also shows multiple erosive/ulcerative lesions. Methods : Whole saliva samples were collected from 20 patients with OLP (10 each for erosive (E) and non-erosive (NE) groups), 10 patients with RAU (U group), and 10 healthy controls (C). DNA was extracted from the saliva samples, and the 16S rDNA gene V4 hypervariable region was analyzed using Illumina sequencing. Results were assessed with alpha- and beta-diversity, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size, and the data was analyzed by Spearman’s rank correlation,Wilcoxon and Kruskal test. Results: We obtained 4949 operational taxonomic units from the V4 region in all saliva samples. Community composition analysis showed a clear decreased relative abundance of genera Streptococcus and Sphingomonas in saliva from RAU patients when compared to the other three groups. Relative abundance of Lautropia and Gemella were higher in E group,whereas relative abundance of Haemophilus and Neisseria were higher in NE group when compared to C group. Abiotrophia and Oribacterium were higher in OLP (combining E and NE groups), while Eikenella and Aggregatibacter were lower when compared to C group. There was statistically significance in α-diversity between E and RAU groups( p <0.05). Significant differences in β-diversity were detected in bacteria between E and C; NE and C; as well as E and NE groups. Conclusion： We found that salivary microbiome in OLP was significantly different from that found in RAU; and these changes may be related to the underlying disease process rather than presence of ulcerative/erosive lesions clinically. In addition, our findings in bacterial relative abundance in OLP were significantly different from the previously reported findings, which points to the need for further research in salivary microbiome of OLP.

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Salivary and Serum Interferon-Gamma/Interleukin-4 Ratio in Oral Lichen Planus Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina55060257 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 (6) ◽

pp. 257

Author(s):

Hamid Reza Mozaffari ◽

Maryam Molavi ◽

Pia Lopez-Jornet ◽

Masoud Sadeghi ◽

Mohsen Safaei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lichen Planus ◽

Interferon Gamma ◽

Oral Lichen Planus ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Interleukin 4 ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Pathological Effect ◽

Ifn Γ ◽

Oral Lichen

Background and Objectives: Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)/interleukin-4 (IL-4) ratio may indicate a change in the immune response with a potential pathological effect presented in oral lichen planus (OLP) patients. Herein, this meta-analysis evaluated the role of serum and salivary interferon-gamma/interleukin-4 ratio in the severity and development of OLP. Materials and Methods: The Scopus, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched to retrieve the relevant studies published up from the database inception to March 2019. The crude mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by RevMan 5.3 software using a random-effects model. A sensitivity analysis was performed on the results using the CMA 2.0 software. A total of 98 studies were retrieved from the databases, of which at last seven studies were included in this meta-analysis. Results: The findings showed that the pooled MDs of serum and salivary IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio were −0.22 (95% CI: −1.16, 0.72; p = 0.64) and 0.17 (95% CI: −1.50, 1.84; p = 0.84) in OLP patients compared to controls, respectively. In addition, the pooled MDs of serum and salivary IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio were −0.15 (95% CI: −0.53, 0.23; p = 0.43) and −0.39 (95% CI: −0.63, −0.15; p = 0.001) in patients with erythematous/ulcerative subtype compared to patients with reticular subtype, respectively. Conclusions: In conclusion, the results of meta-analysis demonstrated that serum and salivary IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio cannot play a major role in OLP development and severity.

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MiR-29b interacts with IFN-γ and induces DNA hypomethylation in CD4+ T cells of oral lichen planus

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules ◽

10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.252 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 147 ◽

pp. 1248-1254 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jing Zhang ◽

Guan-Ying Chen ◽

Fang Wang ◽

Gang Zhou

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Lichen Planus ◽

Cd4 T Cells ◽

Oral Lichen Planus ◽

Dna Hypomethylation ◽

Ifn Γ ◽

Oral Lichen

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Is Topical Application of Hyaluronic Acid in Oral Lichen Planus Effective? A Randomized Controlled Crossover Study

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10227988 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (22) ◽

pp. 7988

Author(s):

Corinna Bruckmann ◽

Rudolf Seemann ◽

Klemens Rappersberger ◽

Xiaohui Rausch-Fan ◽

Hady Haririan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Lichen Planus ◽

Oral Lichen Planus ◽

Clinical Severity ◽

Clinical Parameters ◽

Whole Saliva ◽

Before And After ◽

Crossover Phase ◽

Lost To Follow Up ◽

Oral Lichen

Hyaluronic acid (HA) has anti-inflammatory and anti-edematous effects and, thus, could be promising in the treatment of oral lichen planus (OLP). The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of topical hyaluronic acid, compared to placebo, on salivary levels of calprotectin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and bacteria, as well as clinical and subjective parameters. Fourteen patients with confirmed OLP were included. After random selection, patients started with either 0.2% hyaluronic acid or a placebo gel for 6 weeks. Following a wash-out period, the groups changed the application. Whole saliva, clinical parameters, and questionnaires were evaluated before and after the intervention, as well as after the crossover phase. Salivary calprotectin, IL-6, and inflammation-related bacteria were determined by ELISA and PCR, respectively. There were no significant differences in clinical or subjective outcome parameters, salivary levels of IL-6, calprotectin, or bacteria after the application of hyaluronic acid, compared to placebo. However, only nine patients completed the study, as five out of seven patients starting with placebo were lost to follow-up. Significant effects of HA on inflammatory mediators and clinical parameters in OLP patients could not be proven, although a trend in clinical severity improvement could be observed.

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The feasibility of monitoring NF-κB associated cytokines: TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-6, and IL-8 in whole saliva for the malignant transformation of oral lichen planus

Molecular Carcinogenesis ◽

10.1002/mc.20113 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 77-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

Nelson L. Rhodus ◽

Bin Cheng ◽

Sandra Myers ◽

Lindsay Miller ◽

Vu Ho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Malignant Transformation ◽

Lichen Planus ◽

Oral Lichen Planus ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Whole Saliva ◽

Oral Lichen

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p53 as a Neoplastic Biomarker in Patients with Erosive and Plaque Like Forms of Oral Lichen Planus

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1259 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 1-3 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Iraj Mirzaii-Dizgah ◽

Farzaneh Agha-Hosseini

Keyword(s):

Clinical Significance ◽

Lichen Planus ◽

Oral Lichen Planus ◽

Control Group ◽

Whole Saliva ◽

The Mean ◽

Unstimulated Whole Saliva ◽

Oral Lichen ◽

Mean Concentration

ABSTRACT Aim Unstimulated whole salivary p53 was assessed in patients suffering from erosive and plaque-like form of oral lichen planus (OLP). Materials and methods Eighteen patients with erosive form, 17 patients suffering from plaque-like form and 38 noninvolvement subjects were enrolled. The unstimulated whole saliva p53 level was assayed by ELISA. Results The mean concentration of salivary p53 was significantly higher in patients with plaque-like form compared to both patients with erosive form and the control group. Conclusion We conclude that plaque like form of OLP is important in view of the potential for malignancy and is not safety form. Clinical significance It seems that all forms of OLP must be considered accurately, should be followed up with biannual examinations, and if possible, assessment of salivary p53 every year. How to cite this article Agha-Hosseini F, Mirzaii-Dizgah I. p53 as a Neoplastic Biomarker in Patients with Erosive and Plaque Like Forms of Oral Lichen Planus. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(1):1-3.

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