scholarly journals The Rarity of Depth Refugia from Coral Bleaching Heat Stress in the Western and Central Pacific Islands

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto M. Venegas ◽  
Thomas Oliver ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Scott F. Heron ◽  
S. Jeanette Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Central Pacific ◽  
Central Pacific Ocean ◽  
Depth Refuge ◽  
Deep Coral Reef ◽  
Temperature Records

AbstractSome researchers have suggested that corals living in deeper reefs may escape heat stress experienced by shallow corals. We evaluated the potential of deep coral reef refugia from bleaching stress by leveraging a long record of satellite-derived sea surface temperature data with a temporal, spatial, and depth precision of in situ temperature records. We calculated an in situ stress metric using a depth bias-adjusted threshold for 457 coral reef sites among 49 islands in the western and central Pacific Ocean over the period 2001–2017. Analysis of 1,453 heating events found no meaningful depth refuge from heat stress down to 38 m, and no significant association between depth and subsurface heat stress. Further, the surface metric underestimated subsurface stress by an average of 39.3%, across all depths. Combining satellite and in situ temperature data can provide bleaching-relevant heat stress results to avoid misrepresentation of heat stress exposure at shallow reefs.

Management of Tuna Fisheries for Sustainable Development in the Pacific Islands

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-209
Author(s):  
Michael Batty ◽  
Vivian Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Small Island ◽  
List Type ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Central Pacific ◽  
Central Pacific Ocean ◽  
Tuna Fisheries ◽  
Tuna Fishery

Cooperation by Pacific Island countries in the management of tuna fisheries is an important means of achieving sustainable development of these shared resources, in line with Sustainable Development Goal 14. The Western and Central Pacific Ocean (WCPO) tuna fishery is the largest tuna fishery in the world and two examples of arrangements based on regional cooperation are provided: • The purse seine Vessel Day Scheme (VDS) is a fisheries management system that is being implemented through the cooperation of the Parties to the Nauru Agreement (PNA), which regulates harvesting of tuna in line with SDG 14.4. The scheme also establishes rights in the shared fishery for small island developing states, increasing economic returns in support of SDG 14.7. • Regional cooperation in fisheries Monitoring Control and Surveillance is a unique collaboration between the members of the Forum Fisheries Agency (FFA) to address illegal, unreported and unregistered (IUU) fishing in support of SDG 14.4. A range of regionally agreed systems and tools is applied.

scholarly journals Coral reef ecosystem integrated observing system: In-situ oceanographic observations at the US Pacific islands and atolls

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
RK Hoeke ◽  
JM Gove ◽  
E Smith ◽  
P Fisher-Pool ◽  
M Lammers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
The Us ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

GIS compilation of data collected from the Pulley Ridge Deep Coral Reef region

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
VeeAnn Cross ◽  
D.C. Twichell ◽  
R.B. Halley ◽  
K.T. Ciembronowicz ◽  
B.D. Jarrett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Deep Coral Reef ◽  
Deep Coral

scholarly journals On the Spatial Patterns of Urban Thermal Conditions Using Indoor and Outdoor Temperatures

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 640
Author(s):  
Sadroddin Alavipanah ◽  
Dagmar Haase ◽  
Mohsen Makki ◽  
Mir Muhammad Nizamani ◽  
Salman Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Cold Spot ◽  
Temperature Pattern ◽  
Outdoor Temperature ◽  
Residential Units ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

The changing climate has introduced new and unique challenges and threats to humans and their environment. Urban dwellers in particular have suffered from increased levels of heat stress, and the situation is predicted to continue to worsen in the future. Attention toward urban climate change adaptation has increased more than ever before, but previous studies have focused on indoor and outdoor temperature patterns separately. The objective of this research is to assess the indoor and outdoor temperature patterns of different urban settlements. Remote sensing data, together with air temperature data collected with temperature data loggers, were used to analyze land surface temperature (outdoor temperature) and air temperature (indoor temperature). A hot and cold spot analysis was performed to identify the statistically significant clusters of high and low temperature data. The results showed a distinct temperature pattern across different residential units. Districts with dense urban settlements show a warmer outdoor temperature than do more sparsely developed districts. Dense urban settlements show cooler indoor temperatures during the day and night, while newly built districts show cooler outdoor temperatures during the warm season. Understanding indoor and outdoor temperature patterns simultaneously could help to better identify districts that are vulnerable to heat stress in each city. Recognizing vulnerable districts could minimize the impact of heat stress on inhabitants.

scholarly journals Ocean acidification effects on in situ coral reef metabolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve S. Doo ◽  
Peter J. Edmunds ◽  
Robert C. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Ocean Acidification

scholarly journals Primary Production in the Water Column as Major Structuring Element of the Biogeographical Distribution and Function of Archaea in Deep-Sea Sediments of the Central Pacific Ocean

Archaea ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franziska Wemheuer ◽  
Avril Jean Elisabeth von Hoyningen-Huene ◽  
Marion Pohlner ◽  
Julius Degenhardt ◽  
Bert Engelen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Archaeal Community ◽  
Central Pacific ◽  
Central Pacific Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea Sediments ◽  
And Function ◽  
Functional Profiles ◽  
Archaeal Communities

Information on environmental conditions shaping archaeal communities thriving at the seafloor of the central Pacific Ocean is limited. The present study was conducted to investigate the diversity, composition, and function of both entire and potentially active archaeal communities within Pacific deep-sea sediments. For this purpose, sediment samples were taken along the 180° meridian of the central Pacific Ocean. Community composition and diversity were assessed by Illumina tag sequencing targeting archaeal 16S rRNA genes and transcripts. Archaeal communities were dominated by CandidatusNitrosopumilus(Thaumarchaeota) and other members of theNitrosopumilaceae(Thaumarchaeota), but higher relative abundances of the Marine Group II (Euryarchaeota) were observed in the active compared to the entire archaeal community. The composition of the entire and the active archaeal communities was strongly linked to primary production (chlorophyll content), explaining more than 40% of the variance. Furthermore, we found a strong correlation of the entire archaeal community composition to latitude and silicic acid content, while the active community was significantly correlated with primary production and ferric oxide content. We predicted functional profiles from 16S rRNA data to assess archaeal community functions. Latitude was significantly correlated with functional profiles of the entire community, whereas those of the active community were significantly correlated with nitrate and chlorophyll content. The results of the present study provide first insights into benthic archaeal communities in the Pacific Ocean and environmental conditions shaping their diversity, distribution, and function. Additionally, they might serve as a template for further studies investigating archaea colonizing deep-sea sediments.

The Birds of Fanning Island, Central Pacific Ocean

The Condor ◽  
1925 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 185-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Kirby,
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Central Pacific ◽  
Central Pacific Ocean
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document