scholarly journals Studbook and molecular analyses for the endangered black-lion-tamarin; an integrative approach for assessing genetic diversity and driving management in captivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Andrea Ayala-Burbano ◽  
Pedro Manoel Galetti Junior ◽  
Dominic Wormell ◽  
Alcides Pissinatti ◽  
Mara Cristina Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Lion Tamarin ◽  
In Captivity

Molecular analysis confirms Laurenciella marilzae (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae) in the Mediterranean Sea, a species often misidentified as Laurencia dendroidea

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 527-535
Author(s):  
Donatella Serio ◽  
Giovanni Furnari ◽  
Yola Metti
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Laurencia Majuscula

AbstractIt was noted that Mediterranean specimens collected at different stations from around Sicily, Italy and referred to as Laurencia dendroidea (as Laurencia majuscula) were similar to the recently described species Laurenciella marilzae. Presented in this study are the results of an integrative approach using both morphology and molecular data (COI-5P + rbcL) to establish which taxon these specimens should be referred to. Molecular analyses show these specimens belong to Laurenciella, and strongly suggest they are within the species L. marilzae. Morphological examinations of these Mediterranean specimens were also detailed and found to support the conclusion that they belong to L. marilzae.

scholarly journals The Associations ofLeishmania majorandLeishmania tropicaAspects by Focusing Their Morphological and Molecular Features on Clinical Appearances in Khuzestan Province, Iran

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Spotin ◽  
Soheila Rouhani ◽  
Parviz Parvizi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Its Rdna ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Khuzestan Province ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Irregular Shapes ◽  
Ocular Micrometer ◽  
Reservoir Hosts ◽  
Genetic Characters

Cutaneous leishmaniasis has various phenotypic aspects consisting of polymorphic amastigotes with different genetic ranges. Samples were collected from suspected patients of Khuzestan province. Prepared smears were stained, scaled, and measured using ocular micrometer. The Cytb, ITS-rDNA, and microsatellite genes ofLeishmaniawere amplified andLeishmaniaspecies were identified by molecular analyses. Of 150 examined suspected patients, 102 were identified toLeishmaniaspecies (90L. major, nineL. tropica, and three unidentified). The amastigotes of 90L. majorhad regular and different irregular shapes within three clinical lesions with no and/or low genetic diversity. Three haplotypes of CytbofL. majorwere found but no variation was observed using ITS-rDNA gene. Interesting findings were that all nineL. tropicahad regular amastigote shapes with more genetic variations, also a patient which had coinfection ofL. major,L. tropica, andCrithidia.At least twoL. majorandL. tropicawere identified in suspected patients of the regions. Different irregular amastigotes’ shapes ofL. majorcan be explained by various reservoir hosts and vectors. In contrast, more molecular variations inL. tropicacould be justified by genetic characters. UnidentifiedLeishmaniacould be mixed pathogens or nonpathogens with mammals’LeishmaniaorCrithidia.

Genetic diversity in Corchorus olitorius L. revealed by morphophysiological and molecular analyses

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 2933-2940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Fathy Youssef ◽  
Nabil Ahmed Younes ◽  
Muhammad Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Corchorus Olitorius ◽  
Molecular Analyses

scholarly journals Does the genetic diversity among pubescent white oaks in southern Italy, Sicily and Sardinia islands support the current taxonomic classification?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romeo Di Pietro ◽  
Antonio Luca Conte ◽  
Piera Di Marzio ◽  
Paola Fortini ◽  
Emmanuele Farris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Expressed Sequence Tag ◽  
Taxonomic Classification ◽  
Genetic Assignment ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Weak Separation ◽  
Expressed Sequence ◽  
Simple Sequence

AbstractMolecular diversity analysis of deciduous pubescent oaks was conducted for populations from Calabria, Sicily and Sardinia. The aims of this study were twofold. First, to provide data on the genetic diversity of pubescent oaks from an understudied area which currently exhibits one of the highest concentrations of pubescent oak species in Europe. Second, to verify if these groups of oaks are genetically distinct and if their identification is in accordance with the current taxonomic classification. Molecular analyses of leaf material of 480 trees from seventeen populations belonging to putatively different pubescent oak species (Quercus amplifolia, Q. congesta, Q. dalechampii, Q. ichnusae, Q. leptobalanos, Q. virgiliana) were performed. Twelve gene-based Expressed Sequence Tag-Simple Sequence Repeat markers were selected, and genetic diversity and differentiation were calculated. The results showed relatively high values of allelic richness, heterozygosity and number of private alleles for the populations investigated. A weak but positive correlation between geographical and genetic distance was detected. Genetic assignment (STRUCTURE) and principle coordinate analyses exhibited a weak separation into two genetic groups which, however, did not correspond to the taxonomic, chorological and ecological features of the populations investigated. Sardinian populations formed one group which was separated from the Calabrian and Sicilian populations. In light of the results obtained, the taxonomic classification for the pubescent white oaks currently reported in the major Italian floras and checklists for the study area was not confirmed by molecular analyses.

Investigation of IRAP transposon-based molecular markers for analysis of genetic diversity in pea germplasm

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajjad Ahmad ◽  
Rajvinder Kaur ◽  
Mark Lefsrud ◽  
Jaswinder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Dna Polymorphism ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Marker System ◽  
Varietal Identification ◽  
D Values ◽  
Mean Similarity ◽  
Germplasm Accessions

Retrotransposons diversity has been extensively studied in monocots, but it is not well documented in dicot species. Transposition activity of transposons creates DNA polymorphism and their abundant presence in genomes is making transposons a promising marker system for varietal identification and fingerprinting. In this study, four transposon-based markers (two DNA- and two RNA-transposons) were employed to evaluate the effectiveness of Inter-Retrotransposon Amplified Polymorphism (IRAP) transposon system in assessing genetic diversity in pea germplasm accessions. A total of 28 alleles were detected across the 35 pea accessions with number of alleles per locus ranged from 5 (Mutator) to 9 (Cyclops). RNA transposons produced a higher number of polymorphic alleles (Ogre: 8, Cyclops: 9) than DNA transposon markers (Mutator: 5, MITE: 6). Overall mean PIC value and D values for these transposon markers were 0.810 and 0.817 respectively. Genetic similarity values ranged from 0.143 to 0.823 with a mean similarity value of 0.403. Cluster analysis classified pea genotypes into six major groups that were somewhat consistent with their geographical origins. The molecular analyses differentiated all the 35 accessions and generated higher PIC and D values that can be useful for MAS-based breeding programs in pea.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analyses of 11 cohorts of captive rhesus macaques from Chinese zoos

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6957
Author(s):  
Qian Su ◽  
Yongfang Yao ◽  
Qin Zhao ◽  
Diyan Li ◽  
Meng Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Genetic Management ◽  
Southeastern China ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Control Region ◽  
Clade B ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
High Level ◽  
Major Haplogroups

Rhesus macaques are raised in almost every Chinese zoo due to their likeability and ease in feeding; however, little is yet known about the genetic diversity of rhesus macaques in captivity. In this study, a 475-base pair nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial DNA control region was obtained from the fecal DNA of 210 rhesus macaque individuals in captivity. A total of 69 haplotypes were defined, 51 of which (73.9%) were newly identified. Of all haplotypes, seven were shared between two zoos, and 62 haplotypes (89.8%) appeared only in a specific zoo, indicating a low rate of animal exchange between Chinese zoos. Moreover, there was a relatively high level of genetic diversity among the rhesus macaques (Hd = 0.0623 ± 0.0009, Pi = 0.979 ± 0.003, K = 28.974). Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that all haplotypes were clearly clustered into two major haplogroups—Clade A (southeastern China) and Clade B (southwestern China)—and each major clade contained several small sub-haplogroups. The haplotypes of rhesus macaques from the same zoo were not clustered together for the most part, but scattered among several subclades on the phylogenetic tree. This indicates that the rhesus macaques in most Chinese zoos may originat from a diverse collection of geographical areas. Our results demonstrate that zoos play an important role in the conservation of the genetic diversity of rhesus macaques, as well as provide useful information on the genetic management of captive rhesus macaques.

scholarly journals Conservation Genetics and Gut Microbial Communities’ Variability of the Critically Endangered European Mink Mustela Lutreola: Implications for Captive Breeding Programs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline ML van Leeuwen ◽  
Albrecht I. Schulte-Hostedde ◽  
Christine Fournier-Chambrillon ◽  
Carmen M. Aranda ◽  
Laurie Berthomieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Mhc Class I ◽  
Mhc Class Ii ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Mustela Lutreola ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
European Mink ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Captive Breeding Programs

Abstract Host’s fitness can be affected by its genotype and gut microbiota, defined as the microbes living in the host’s intestinal tract. This study explored how the genetic diversity of the host influences its bacterial communities in the context of captive breeding programs, for the critically endangered European mink (Mustela lutreola). As stated by the ecosystem on a leash model, loss of host genetic diversity may lead to changes in immunomodulation and will therefore induce modifications of the gut microbiota. We investigated variation in the gut bacteria through 16S rRNA metabarcoding, related to the genetic diversity of European mink held in captivity in two breeding centers representing separate breeding stocks originating from the western and eastern populations. The genetic diversity of the host was assessed through diversity analysis of the adaptive MHC class I and II genes as well as neutral microsatellite markers. Results indicate lower diversity in neutral and MHC class I genes for the western population, and the opposite for MHC class II. A lower MHC class II gene variability led to an increase in microbial phylogenetic diversity and in abundance depending on the presence of specific MHC-II motifs. Those results seem to be linked to management practices that differs between the two programs, especially the number of generations in captivity. Long term Ex situ conservation practices can thus modulate gut microbial communities, that might potentially have consequences on the survival of reintroduced animals. We suggest strategies to foster genetic diversity in captive breeding program to mitigate the effects of genetic drift on those small, isolated populations.

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