scholarly journals Asthma and subsequent school performance at age 15–16 years: A Swedish population-based sibling control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Lundholm ◽  
Bronwyn K. Brew ◽  
Brian M. D’Onofrio ◽  
Emma Caffrey Osvald ◽  
Henrik Larsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Performance ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Uncontrolled Asthma ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Familial Factors ◽  
Cohen’S D ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Cohen's D ◽  
And Control

AbstractAsthma may negatively affect children’s school performance, such as grades and exam results. Results from previous studies have shown varying results and may have suffered from confounding and other biases. We used a Swedish population-based cohort of 570,595 children with data on asthma (including severity and control) in Grades 7–8 and 9, school performance from Grade 9 (grade point sum, non-eligibility for upper secondary school and national test results) and measured confounders from national registers. We used sibling comparisons to account for unmeasured familial factors. Children with asthma and severe asthma performed slightly better in school than children without asthma when adjusting for measured confounders, but the associations were attenuated in sibling comparisons. In contrast, children with uncontrolled asthma performed slightly worse (e.g. Grade 9: βadj = −9.9; 95% CI −12.8 to −7.0; Cohen’s d = 0.16). This association remained for uncontrolled asthma in Grade 9 in sibling comparisons (Grade 9: β = −7.7 points; 95% CI −12.6 to −2.6; Cohen’s d = 0.12), but not for Grades 7–8. The attenuation of estimates when controlling for familial factors using sibling comparisons suggests that the differences were due to familial factors, rather than being causal. The remaining associations in sibling comparisons between uncontrolled asthma in Grade 9 and school performance are consistent with a causal association.

Subsequent Higher Education After Adolescent Depression: A 15-Year Follow-Up Register Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 396-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Jonsson ◽  
H. Bohman ◽  
A. Hjern ◽  
L. von Knorring ◽  
G. Olsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
School Performance ◽  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Early School

AbstractBackgroundAdolescent depression has been shown to have a range of adverse outcomes. We used longitudinal data to investigate subsequent higher education in former depressed adolescents.MethodA Swedish population-based investigation of depression in 16–17-year-olds was followed up in national registers 15 years later. Adolescents with depression (n = 361, 78% females) were compared to a group of non-depressed peers of the same age (n = 248, 77% females). The main outcome was graduation from higher education by age 30.ResultsThe adolescent with depression were less likely than their non-depressed peers to have graduated from higher education by age 30, both regarding females (27.7% vs. 36.4%, p < .05) and males (12.7% vs. 28.6%, p < .05). After adjustment for early school performance, socioeconomic status and maternal education, the decreased likelihood of subsequent graduation from higher education remained for depressed males (OR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.08–0.93) but not for depressed females (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.58–1.49).ConclusionContrary to what previous research has suggested, adolescent depression and its consequences might be particularly destructive to subsequent higher education in males.

School attendance and school performance: A population-based study of children with asthma

2001 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc D. Silverstein ◽  
Joanne E. Mair ◽  
Slavica K. Katusic ◽  
Peter C. Wollan ◽  
Edward J. O’Connell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Performance ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Children With Asthma

scholarly journals Association between Gait Variability and Gait-Ability Decline in Elderly Women with Subthreshold Insomnia Stage

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taesang Lee ◽  
Myeounggon Lee ◽  
Changhong Youm ◽  
Byungjoo Noh ◽  
Hwayoung Park
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Women ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Gait Variability ◽  
Gait Adaptation ◽  
Cohen’S D ◽  
Physical Functions ◽  
Walking Speeds ◽  
Cohen's D ◽  
And Control ◽  
Single Support Phase

This study investigates the gait characteristics of elderly women, aged more than 65 years, with subthreshold insomnia stage at various walking speeds. A total of 392 participants (insomnia: 202 and controls: 190) wearing shoe-type inertial measurement units completed walking tests on a treadmill for a duration of 1 min at slower, preferred, and faster speeds. The insomnia group indicated lower pace parameters (range of Cohen’s d: 0.283–0.499) and the single support phase (Cohen’s d: 0.237), greater gait variability (range of Cohen’s d: 0.217–0.506), and bilateral coordination (range of Cohen’s d: 0.254–0.319), compared with their age-matched controls; the coefficient of variance (CV) of the stance phase at the faster speed condition was a crucial variable for distinguishing between insomnia and control groups. In addition, the insomnia group demonstrated insufficient gait adaptation at the slower and preferred speeds, as indicated by the CVs of the stride length, stride time, and step time. In particular, participants with worsened insomnia symptoms or sleep problems showed that these worse gait patterns may increase the potential risk of falling in elderly women. Thus, elderly women with subthreshold insomnia stage need to improve their sleep quality to enhance their physical functions.

scholarly journals Effects of Childhood-onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease on School Performance: A Nationwide Population-based Cohort Study Using Swedish Health and Educational Registers

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1663-1673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petter Malmborg ◽  
Natalia Mouratidou ◽  
Michael C Sachs ◽  
Ulf Hammar ◽  
Hamed Khalili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
School Performance ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Compulsory School ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

ABSTRACT Background Childhood-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) might negatively impact academic school performance. We conducted a nationwide study to examine the association between childhood-onset IBD and school results. Methods Our study population was selected from Swedish health registers. In the National Patient Register (1990 to 2013), we identified 2827 children with IBD: Crohn’s disease (CD), n = 1207, and ulcerative colitis (UC), n = 1370. Patients were matched with 10 reference individuals by age, sex, birth year, and place of residence (n = 28,235). Final compulsory school grades (0 to 320 grade points) and qualification for high school (yes or no) were obtained through the National School Register. Regression models controlling for socioeconomic factors were used to analyze the association of IBD with school performance. Results Children with IBD had a lower final grade point average (adjusted mean grade difference [AMGD] −4.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] −7.1 to −2.6) but not a significantly higher risk to not qualify for high school (odds ratio [OR] 1.14, CI 0.99–1.31). The results were similar in children with UC (AMGD −5.5, CI −8.7 to −2.3) and CD (AMGD −4.7, CI −8.2 to −1.2). Underperformance was more common in subsets of IBD children characterized by markers associated with long-standing active disease (eg, >30 inpatient days [AMGD−18.1, CI −25.8 to −10.4]). Conclusion Most children with IBD achieve comparable results in the final year of compulsory school as their healthy peers. Care should be improved for the subgroup of children for which IBD has a stronger negative impact on school performance.

scholarly journals The Intervention Nurses Start Infants Growing on Healthy Trajectories (INSIGHT) responsive parenting intervention for firstborns impacts feeding of secondborns

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara F Ruggiero ◽  
Emily E Hohman ◽  
Leann L Birch ◽  
Ian M Paul ◽  
Jennifer S Savage
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feeding Styles ◽  
Responsive Parenting ◽  
Cohen’S D ◽  
Cohen's D ◽  
Parent Feeding ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Background The Intervention Nurses Start Infant Growing on Healthy Trajectories (INSIGHT) study's responsive parenting (RP) intervention, initiated in early infancy, prevented the use of nonresponsive, controlling feeding practices and promoted use of structure-based feeding among first-time parents compared with controls. Objectives We sought to examine the spillover effect of the RP intervention on maternal feeding practices with their secondborn (SB) infants enrolled in an observational-only study, SIBSIGHT, and to test the moderating effect of spacing of births. Methods SB infants of mothers participating in the INSIGHT study were enrolled into the observation-only ancillary study, SIBSIGHT. SBs were healthy singleton infants ≥36 weeks of gestation. Infant feeding practices (i.e., food to soothe, structure vs. control-based practices) were assessed using validated questionnaires: Babies Need Soothing Questionnaire, Infant Feeding Styles Questionnaire, and the Structure and Control in Parent Feeding Questionnaire. Results SBs (n = 117 [RP: 57, control: 60]; 43% male) were delivered 2.5 ± 0.8 y after firstborns (FBs). At age 1 y, the Structure and Control in Parent Feeding Questionnaire revealed that the mothers in the RP group used more consistent feeding routines (4.19 [0.43] compared with 3.77 [0.62], P = 0.0006, Cohen's D: 0.69) compared with control group mothers. From the Infant Feeding Styles Questionnaire, RP group mothers also used less nonresponsive, controlling feeding practices such as pressuring their SB infant to finish (1.81 [0.52] compared with 2.24 [0.68], P = 0.001, Cohen's D: 0.68) compared with controls. In contrast to our hypotheses, no differences were detected in bottle-feeding practices such as putting to bed with a bottle/sippy cup or adding cereal to the bottle, despite observing study group differences in FBs. Spacing of births did not moderate intervention effects. Conclusions RP guidance given to mothers of FBs may prevent the use of some nonresponsive, controlling feeding practices while establishing consistent feeding routines in subsequent siblings.

scholarly journals Dietary antioxidant intake in school age and lung function development up to adolescence

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 1900990
Author(s):  
Emmanouela Sdona ◽  
Jenny Hallberg ◽  
Niklas Andersson ◽  
Sandra Ekström ◽  
Susanne Rautiainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
School Age ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant ◽  
Antioxidant Intake ◽  
Children With Asthma

Dietary antioxidant intake has been hypothesised to influence lung function. The association between total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of the diet at age 8 years and lung function development up to 16 years in 2307 participants from the Swedish population-based birth cohort BAMSE (Children, Allergy, Milieu, Stockholm, Epidemiology) was investigated.Information on TAC was obtained from a food frequency questionnaire at 8 years. Lung function was measured by spirometry at 8 and 16 years, impulse oscillometry (IOS) and exhaled nitric oxide fraction (FeNO) at 16 years. Low lung function was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) z-score below the 25th percentile. Longitudinal associations between TAC and lung function were analysed by mixed effect models adjusted for potential confounders. Stratification by asthma at 8 years was performed to examine effect modification.The median TAC intake was 10 067 μmol Trolox equivalents (TE)·g−1, with males having a lower mean compared to females (9963 versus 10 819 μmol TE·g−1). In analyses of lung function change between 8 and 16 years, there were no statistically significant associations between TAC in tertiles and spirometry results for the total study population. Among children with asthma at 8 years (prevalence 7%), higher TAC was associated with higher mean FEV1 (0.46 sd, 95% CI 0.11–0.80) and decreased odds of low lung function at 16 years (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.12–0.65). There were no associations between TAC and forced vital capacity or IOS/FeNO results.High dietary antioxidant intake in school age may be associated with improved lung function development from school age to adolescence among children with asthma.

Does asthma affect school performance in adolescents? Results from the Swedish population-based birth cohort BAMSE

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Nilsson ◽  
Maria Ödling ◽  
Niklas Andersson ◽  
Anna Bergström ◽  
Inger Kull
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
School Performance ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Swedish Population

Supportive Text Messages for Patients with Depression – A Randomized Controlled Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S139-S139
Author(s):  
V. Agyapong ◽  
M. Juhas ◽  
A. Ohinmaa ◽  
J. Omeje ◽  
K. Mrklas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effect Size ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Cohen’S D ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vas Scores ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cohen's D ◽  
And Control

BackgroundDepression is projected to be the primary cause of disability worldwide by 2030. Our aim was to test the feasibility of a supportive text messaging mobile health intervention in improving treatment outcomes in depressed patients.MethodsWe performed a single-rater-blinded randomised trial involving 73 patients with Major Depressive Disorder. Patients in the intervention group (n = 35) received twice-daily supportive text messages for 3 months while those in the control group (n = 38) received a single text message every fortnight thanking them for participating in the study.ResultsAfter adjusting for baseline BDI scores, a significant difference remained in the three month mean BDI scores between the intervention and control groups: (20.8 (SD = 11.7) vs. 24.9 (SD = 11.5), F (1, 60) = 4.83, P = 0.03, ηp2 = 0.07). The mean difference in the BDI scores change was significant with an effect size (Cohen's d) of 0.67. Furthermore, after adjusting for baseline scores, a significant difference remained in the three month mean self-rated VAS scores (EQ-5D-5L scale) between the intervention and control groups, 65.7 (SD = 15.3) vs. 57.4 (SD = 22.9), F (1, 60) = 4.16, P = 0.05, ηp2 = 0.065. The mean difference in change mean self-rated VAS scores was also statistically significant with an effect size (Cohen's d) of 0.51.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that supportive text messages are a potentially useful psychological intervention for depression, especially in underserved populations. Further studies are needed to explore the implications of our findings in larger clinical samples.

Phonologische Verarbeitung bei Grundschulkindern mit schwacher Lesefähigkeit

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Klatte ◽  
Claudia Steinbrink ◽  
Kirstin Bergström ◽  
Thomas Lachmann
Keyword(s):  
Cohen’S D ◽  
Phonologische Verarbeitung ◽  
Cohen's D

Defizite in der phonologischen Informationsverarbeitung werden heute als Kernsymptom der Lese-Rechtschreibstörung betrachtet. In Trainingsstudien mit betroffenen Kindern erwiesen sich Phonemwahrnehmungsfähigkeiten als trainierbar, und Programme, in denen Aufgaben zur phonologischen Bewusstheit mit der systematischen Vermittlung von Phonem-Graphem-Zuordnungen kombiniert wurden, zeigten Transfereffekte auf Lese- und Rechtschreibleistungen. Ausgehend von diesen Erkenntnissen wurde ein computerbasiertes Trainingsprogramm zur Förderung der Phonemwahrnehmung, der phonologischen Bewusstheit und der Graphem-Phonem-Zuordnungen für deutschsprachige Grundschulkinder mit Lese-Rechtschreibstörung entwickelt. Aufgrund der besonderen Relevanz der Vokallänge für die deutsche Orthographie enthält das Programm neben Aufgaben, die auf Konsonanten fokussieren, auch Vokallängenaufgaben. Bei der Konzipierung des Programms wurden etablierte, ursprünglich für andere Sprachen entwickelte Aufgaben an die deutsche Phonologie angepasst und in ein computerbasiertes Format übersetzt. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Studie sollte überprüft werden, ob die konstruierten Trainingsaufgaben die spezifischen Defizite von Kindern mit Lese-Rechtschreibstörung wie intendiert abbilden. Hierzu wurden leseschwache Dritt- und Viertklässler (n = 35) mit mindestens durchschnittlichen Lesern derselben Klassenstufen (n = 75; Kontrollgruppe) hinsichtlich ihrer Leistungen in den Aufgaben verglichen. Die leseschwachen Kinder zeigten in allen Aufgaben schlechtere Leistungen als die Kontrollgruppe. Die Effektstärken der Gruppenunterschiede (Cohen's d) lagen im mittleren bis hohen Bereich (0.50 – 2.19). Die Ergebnisse bestätigen, dass die Aufgaben des Trainingsprogramms die spezifischen Defizite leseschwacher Kinder abbilden. Ein Training mit diesen Aufgaben erscheint daher grundsätzlich sinnvoll. Die Wirkungen eines solchen Trainings auf die schriftsprachlichen Leistungen von Kindern mit Lese-Rechtschreibstörung werden in zukünftigen Studien überprüft.

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