scholarly journals Anti-glaucoma agents-induced pseudodendritic keratitis presumed to be herpetic simplex keratitis: a clinical case series

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huai-Lung Chang ◽  
Bo-I Kuo ◽  
Jo-Hsuan Wu ◽  
Wei-Lun Huang ◽  
Chien-Chia Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Benzalkonium Chloride ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Prostaglandin Analogues ◽  
Linear Lesions ◽  
Corneal Toxicity ◽  
Type V ◽  
Punctate Keratitis

AbstractAnti-glaucoma agents-induced corneal toxicity may be misdiagnosed as herpetic simplex keratitis (HSK). In our study, nineteen glaucoma patients were presumed to have HSK before referral. Corneal lesions were classified into (I) linear pseudodendritic lesions formed by elevated opacified cells, (II) linear pseudodendritic lesions formed by grouped superficial punctate keratitis (SPK), (III) satellite full-thickness epithelial defects, (IV) satellite lesions formed by elevated opacified cells, and (V) geographic lesions formed by grouped SPK. We observed thirty-one events, with 15 in the lower and 16 in the central corneas. There were 21 (67.7%) type II, five (16.1%) type V, two (6.5%) of each for types III and IV, and one (3.2%) type I events. Among linear lesions (types I and II), 17 (77.3%) had horizontal and 5 (22.7%) had curvilinear orientations. Exposure duration to the last-added anti-glaucoma agent was three days to 14.5 years. About half of the events (16/31, 51.6%) used prostaglandin analogues, and 30/31 (96.8%) applied benzalkonium chloride (BAK)-containing agents. All lesions resolved within two months after decreasing offending medications or enhancing protection of ocular surface. In conclusion, anti-glaucoma agents-induced pseudodendritic keratitis presents majorly in central-lower cornea as horizontally linear lesions, and BAK-containing agents are observed in the most events.

scholarly journals Native Gold in the Chudnoe Au-Pd-REE Deposit (Subpolar Urals, Russia): Composition, Minerals in Intergrowth and Genesis

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Galina Palyanova ◽  
Valery Murzin ◽  
Andrey Borovikov ◽  
Nikolay Karmanov ◽  
Sergei Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Native Gold ◽  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Electron Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Gold Mineralization ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Subpolar Urals ◽  
Type V ◽  
Impurity Elements

Composition of native gold and minerals in intergrowth with rhyolites of the Chudnoe Au-Pd-REE deposit (Subpolar Urals, Russia) was studied using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electron microprobe analysis. Five varieties of native gold have been identified, based on the set of impurity elements and their quantities, and on intergrown minerals. Native gold in rhyolites from the Ludnaya ore zone is homogeneous and contains only Ag (fineness 720‰, type I). It is in intergrowth with fuchsite or allanite and mertieite-II. In rhyolites from the Slavnaya ore zone, native gold is heterogeneous, has a higher fineness, different sets and contents of elements: Ag, Cu, 840–860‰ (type II); Ag, Cu, Pd, 830–890‰ (III); Ag, Pd, Cu, Hg, 840–870‰ (IV). It occurs in intergrowth with fuchsite, albite, and mertieite-II (type II), or albite, quartz, and atheneite (III), or quartz, albite, K-feldspar, and mertieite-II (IV). High fineness gold (930–1000‰, type V) with low contents of Ag, Cu, and Pd or their absence occurs in the form as microveins, fringes and microinclusions in native gold II–IV. Tetra-auricupride (AuCu) is presented as isometric inclusions in gold II and platelets in the decay structures in gold III and IV. The preliminary data of a fluid inclusions study showed that gold mineralization at the Chudnoe deposit could have been formed by chloride fluids of low and medium salinity at temperatures from 105 to 230 °C and pressures from 5 to 115 MPa. The formation of native gold I is probably related to fuchsitization and allanitization of rhyolites. The formation of native gold II-V is also associated with the same processes, but it is more complicated and occurred later with a significant role of Na-, Si-, and K-metasomatism. The presence of Pd and Cu in the ores and Cr in fuchsite indicates the important role of mafic-ultramafic magmatism.

scholarly journals Distribution of Virulence Genes Among Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus of Clinical and Environmental Origin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepshikha Bhowmik ◽  
Shiela Chetri ◽  
Bhaskar Jyoti Das ◽  
Debadatta Dhar Chanda ◽  
Amitabha Bhattacharjee
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Type V

Abstract Objective: This study was designed to discover the dissemination of virulence genes in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from clinical and environmental settings. Results: The virulence gene such as sea (n=54), seb (n=21), eta (n=27), etb (n=2), cna (n=24), ica (n=2) and tst (n=30) was revealed from this study. Different SCCmec types such as type I, type II, type III, type IV, type V, type VI, type VII, type VIII and type XII were detected among sixty three MRSA isolates where SCCmec type II having ST1551 and type V with ST2416 were found to be associated with multidrug resistance and were highly prevalent in the study area.

Syntheses of Post-Iboga Alkaloids

Synthesis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (14) ◽  
pp. 2737-2758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeonggeun Lim ◽  
Sikwang Seong ◽  
Sunkyu Han
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Synthetic Studies ◽  
Type V

Post-iboga alkaloids are secondary metabolites that are biosynthetically derived from iboga-type alkaloids via rearrangements of the indole and/or isoquinuclidine moieties. Herein, we categorize post-iboga alkaloids into five types based on the biosynthetic mode of transformation of the iboga scaffold. We then describe reported syntheses of post-iboga alkaloids, including our laboratory’s recent contributions, based on our own categorization.1 Introduction1.1 Iboga and Post-Iboga Alkaloids1.2 Classification of Post-Iboga Alkaloids1.2.1 Introduction to Type I Post-Iboga Alkaloids1.2.2 Introduction to Type II Post-Iboga Alkaloids1.2.3 Introduction to Type III Post-Iboga Alkaloids1.2.4 Introduction to Type IV Post-Iboga Alkaloids1.2.5 Introduction to Type V Post-Iboga Alkaloids2 Syntheses of Post-Iboga Alkaloids2.1 Syntheses of Type I Post-Iboga Alkaloids2.1.1 Syntheses of Monomeric Type I Post-Iboga Alkaloids2.1.2 Syntheses of Dimeric Type I Post-Iboga Alkaloids2.2 Syntheses of Type II Post-Iboga Alkaloids2.3 Synthetic Studies Toward Type III Post-Iboga Alkaloids2.4 Syntheses of Type IV Post-Iboga Alkaloids2.5 Synthesis of Type V Post-Iboga Alkaloids3 Conclusion and Outlook

scholarly journals Biomechanical Impact of FHL Tendon Harvest on Forefoot and Great Toe Push-off Strength and Its Correlation to Knot of Henry Crossover Variation

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011418S0003
Author(s):  
Timothy Charlton ◽  
Danielle Thomas ◽  
David Thordarson ◽  
Melodie Metzger ◽  
Trevor Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Tissue Bank ◽  
Flexor Hallucis Longus ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Great Toe ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Loading Patterns ◽  
Type V

Category: Midfoot/Forefoot Introduction/Purpose: The flexor hallucis longus (FHL) tendon is commonly used for tendon transfers in reconstructive Achilles tendon procedures. A subset of patients who undergo this procedure complain of first great toe weakness and loss of push off strength after FHL tendon transfer. Despite the frequency of this procedure, there is currently little information available to surgeons to help understand this potential complication. Therefore, the objective of this biomechanical cadaveric study was to quantify plantar flexion strength after FHL harvest and correlate it to variations in anatomy to determine if distinct tendon crossover patterns at the Knot of Henry are more likely to lead to forefoot weakness. Methods: Cadaveric specimens were procured from an approved tissue bank. The proximal end of the tibia was potted and secured to the Mechanical Testing System. A pressure mapping system was used to measure plantar force though the great toe and lesser toes. The Achilles, FHL, and flexor digitorum longus (FDL) tendons were attached to linear actuators for load application. Pressure under the toes was measured with the Achilles alone, Achilles with FHL, Achilles with FDL, and Achilles with both FHL and FDL. The resultant loading patterns were recorded in the greater and lesser toes and compared between the different states. After biomechanical testing, all specimens were carefully dissected and the tendinous slips between the FHL and FDL were documented and classified based on a previously determined system (Types I-V, LaRue; Edama) Functional and anatomical relationship between the classification type and loading patterns were statistically analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Results: 23 specimens (13M / 10F) with a mean age of 71 years (range: 54-90) were used in this study. 61% were anatomically classified as type I, followed by type II (26%), IV (9%), and type V (4%), and type III (0%). Simulated FHL harvest in type I specimens resulted in a 29% decrease in great toe flexion pressure and an 21% decrease in total forefoot flexion pressure, p<0.05. In type II feet, FHL harvest led to a greater reduction in flexion pressure in the great toe (34%) and forefoot (25%), p<0.05. Type IV specimens also had a decrease in flexion pressure in both the great toe (21%) and forefoot (15%), p<0.05. Type V specimens trended similar to type I specimens. Conclusion: This study is the first to quantify loss of great toe and lesser toe flexion pressure after FHL harvest. In addition, it is the first to correlate these losses to variations in anatomic crossover patterns at the Knot of Henry. Specimens classified as type II had the greatest reduction in flexion pressure, followed by type I and type IV. This information is clinically important for preoperative discussions about post-surgical expectations and surgical planning.

Diffusion of Implanted Nitrogen in Silicon at High Doses

2001 ◽  
Vol 669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lahir Shaik Adam ◽  
Lance Robertson ◽  
Mark E. Law ◽  
Kevin Jones ◽  
Kevin Gable ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Layer ◽  
Type I ◽  
Extended Defects ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Nitrogen Diffusion ◽  
Nitrogen Implantation ◽  
Diffusion Behavior ◽  
System On A Chip ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Type V

ABSTRACTNitrogen implantation is used to retard gate oxide growth thereby making it particularly usefulfor dual- VT and System On A chip technologies. This paper discusses the diffusion behavior and the concomitant defect evolution at high doses of implanted nitrogen in silicon. This paper shows that as the nitrogen implant dose is increased, the extent of nitrogen diffusion reduces. This paper also reports based onTEM studies, that upon annealing at 750°C, 5 × 10014 N2+/cm2, 40 keV implant produces Type I extended defects. However, 2 × 1015 N2+/cm2, 40 keV implant, produces a continuous amorphous layer to a depth ofabout 800 to 900 Å from the surface. In addition, upon annealing at 750°C, the 2 × 1015 N2+/cm2, 40 keV implant produces Type V or solid solubility defects in addition to End of Range or Type II defects.

scholarly journals Study On The Application of Preoperative Three-Dimensional CT Angiography of Perigastric Arteries In Laparoscopic Radical Gastrectomy

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Liu ◽  
Wenbin Yu ◽  
Meng Wei ◽  
Danping Sun ◽  
Xin Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Type I ◽  
Radical Gastrectomy ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Type V

Abstract Objection: To investigate the clinical value and significance of preoperative three-dimensional computerized tomography angiography (CTA) in laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.Methods: The clinical data were analyzed retrospectively from 214 gastric cancer patients. We grouped according to whether to perform CTA. The gastric peripheral artery was classified according to CTA images of patients in the CTA group, and we compared and analyzed the difference of the data between the two groups.Results: The celiac trunk was classified according to Adachi classification: Type I (118/125, 94.4%),Type II (3/125, 2.4%),Type III (0/125, 0%),Type IV (1/125, 0.8%),Type V (2/125, 1.6%),Type VI (1/125, 0.8%).Hepatic artery classification was performed according to Hiatt classification standard:Type I (102/125, 81.6％),Type II (9/125, 7.2%),Type III (6/125, 4.8%),Type IV (2/125, 1.6%),Type V (3/125, 2.4%),Type VI (0, 0%),Others (3/125, 2.4%).And this study combined vascular anatomy and clinical surgical risk to establish a new splenic artery classification model. It was found that the operation time and estimated blood loss in the CTA group were significantly lower than those in the non-CTA group. In addition, the blood loss in the CTA group combined with ICG (Indocyanine Green) labeled fluorescence laparoscopy was significantly less than that in the group without ICG labeled. Conclusion: Preoperative CTA can objectively evaluate the vascular course and variation of patients, and then avoid the risk of operation, especially in combination with ICG labeled fluorescence laparoscopy, can further improve the quality of operation.

scholarly journals Clinopyroxene phenocrysts from the Księginki nephelinite (SW Poland)

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Marcin Goleń ◽  
Jacek Puziewicz ◽  
Magdalena Matusiak-Małek ◽  
Theodoros Ntaflos
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Source Rock ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Fractional Crystallisation ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Linear Variation ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Sw Poland ◽  
Type V

Abstract The Eocene nephelinite from Księginki quarry (SW Poland) contains five types of clinopyroxene phenocrysts varying by texture and chemical composition. Type I phenocrysts are formed of Mg-rich (mg# = 0.93–0.88) homogenous cores, patchy mantle and zoned rims. Abundant type II is less magnesian (mg# = 0.65–0.88) and consists of spongy or spongy-patchy core surrounded by zoned rims, whilst in type III (mg# = 0.69–0.84), the cores are massive but patchy. The mg# of cores of type IV phenocrysts is slightly lower than that of type I (0.79–0.89), but its cores are either massive or patchy. Type V is very scarce and consist of relatively Mg-poor (mg# = 0.75–0.77) core enveloped by nonpatchy, sometimes zoned mantle and zoned outer rim. Chemical composition of type I and type IV cores suggests that they are xenocrysts introduced into the nephelinite from disintegrated peridotite and clinopyroxenitic xenoliths, respectively. Type V is also of xenocrystic nature, but its source rock was significantly more evolved than mantlederived ones. Types II and III are possibly cognates from the host nephelinite or a melt related to the nephelinite. All the types of phenocrysts suffered from disequilibrium with the nephelinitic (or proto-nephelinitic) melt or dissolution during adiabatic uplift. Linear variation in chemical composition of phenocrysts of Księginki nephelinite suggests its evolution because of fractional crystallisation, without significant influence of other differentiation processes.

scholarly journals Association of external nose deformity in individuals with nasal septal deviation

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1372
Author(s):  
Ravi Kishore Hubballi ◽  
Shruthi Manohar Koujalagi
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Deviated Nasal Septum ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
External Nose ◽  
Facial Midline ◽  
Nose Deformity ◽  
Type V

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Deviated nasal septum presents a challenge as often functional problems as well as aesthetic deformities must be addressed. Deviated nasal septum can be a result of varying pathologies and etiologies. Classifying the nasal deviation enables the surgeon to choose the appropriate operative intervention. This study is intended to know the association of external nose deformity in patients with deviated nasal septum.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 100 patients were attending to the Department of ENT, Vijayanagara Institute of Medical Sciences, Ballari with deviated nasal septum, septal dislocation, septal spur and external nose deformity. Deviated nasal septum was classified as per the classification proposed by Mladina. External nose deformity was classified into 5 types proposed by Yong Jo Jang’s classification depending on the orientation of 2 horizontal units (bony pyramid and cartilaginous subunits) with respect to facial midline.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 100 patients with deviated nasal septum, external nose deformity was present in 61% of the patients. Significant association was present between the deviated nasal septum and external nose deformity (p=0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Type II (33%) deviated nasal septum was most common followed by Type VII (31%). Among the external nose deformity, Type I was most common followed by Type V. Type II deviated nasal septum was associated most commonly with Type V external nose deformity, Type VII deviated nasal septum with Type I external nose deformity and Type IV deviated nasal septum with Type I/II external nose deformity in equal frequency.</p>

scholarly journals Root canal morphology of South Asian Indian maxillary molar teeth

2015 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shishir Singh ◽  
Mansing Pawar
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Maxillary Molars ◽  
Root Canal Morphology ◽  
Type V ◽  
South Asian Indian

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective was to study the root canal morphology of South Asian Indian Maxillary molars using a tooth clearing technique. Materials and Methods: Hundred teeth each comprising of first, second, and third molars collected from different dental schools and clinics in India were subjected to standard dye penetration, decalcification and clearing procedure before being studied. Results: The first molar mesiobuccal roots exhibited 69% Type I, 24% Type II, 4% Type IV, 2% Type V, and 1% exhibited a Vertuccis Type VIII canal anatomy. In the group with three separate roots the second molar mesiobuccal roots in exhibited 80.6% Type I, 15.3% Type II, 2.7% Type IV, and 1.4% Type V canal anatomy while the third molars mesiobuccal roots exhibited 57.4% Type I, 32% Type II, 2.1% Type III, 8.5% Type IV, 1% had a Type V canal anatomy in the similar group. Conclusion: A varied root canal anatomy was seen in the mesiobuccal root canal of the maxillary molars.

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