scholarly journals Influenza virus vaccination in pediatric nephrotic syndrome significantly reduces rate of relapse and influenza virus infection as assessed in a nationwide survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingo Ishimori ◽  
Takashi Ando ◽  
Kaori Kikunaga ◽  
Chikako Terano ◽  
Mai Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Flu Vaccination ◽  
Flu Virus ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Vaccination Period

AbstractAlthough vaccination may precipitate relapses of nephrotic syndrome (NS) in children with idiopathic NS, no data are available regarding NS activity regarding influenza (flu) virus infections and NS relapses after receiving inactivated flu vaccines. We conducted a nationwide study of children aged 6 months to 15 years with idiopathic NS to assess the relationship between NS relapse, flu vaccination, and flu infections. We used a multivariate Poisson regression model (MPRM) to calculate the risk ratio (RR) for flu infection and for NS relapse in children with and without flu vaccination. Data of 306 children were assessed. The MPRM in all 306 children showed a significantly lower RR for flu infection (RR: 0.21, 95% confidence interval CI 0.11–0.38) and for NS relapse (RR: 0.22, 95% CI 0.14–0.35) in children receiving flu vaccination compared with unvaccinated children. In an additional MPRM only among 102 children receiving flu vaccination, they had a significantly lower risk for NS relapse during the post-vaccination period (RR: 0.31. 95% CI 017–0.56) compared with the pre-vaccination period. Although our study was observational, based on the favorable results of flu vaccinations regarding flu infections and NS relapse, the vaccine may be recommended for children with NS.

scholarly journals Influenza Virus Vaccination in Pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome Induces a Significant Reduction of Relapse and Influenza Virus Infection: A Nationwide Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingo Ishimori ◽  
Takashi Ando ◽  
Kaori Kikunaga ◽  
Chikako Terano ◽  
Mai Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Flu Vaccination ◽  
Flu Virus ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Vaccination Period

Abstract Although vaccination may precipitate relapses of nephrotic syndrome (NS) in children with idiopathic NS, no data are available regarding NS activity regarding influenza (flu) virus infections and NS relapses after receiving inactivated flu vaccines. We conducted a nationwide study of children aged 6 months to 15 years with idiopathic NS to assess the relationship between NS relapse, flu vaccination, and flu infections. We used a multivariate Poisson regression model (MPRM) to calculate the risk ratio (RR) for flu infection and for NS relapse in children with and without flu vaccination. Data of 306 children were assessed. The MPRM in all 306 children showed a significantly lower RR for flu infection (RR: 0.21, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.11–0.38) and for NS relapse (RR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.14–0.35) in children receiving flu vaccination compared with unvaccinated children. In an additional MPRM only among 102 children receiving flu vaccination, they had a significantly lower risk for NS relapse during the post-vaccination period (RR: 0.31. 95% CI: 017–0.56) compared with the pre-vaccination period. Although our study was observational, based on the favorable results of flu vaccinations regarding flu infections and NS relapse, the vaccine may be recommended for children with NS.

scholarly journals Protection against Influenza Virus Infection of Mice Fed Bifidobacterium breve YIT4064

1999 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisako Yasui ◽  
Junko Kiyoshima ◽  
Tetuji Hori ◽  
Kan Shida
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Oral Immunization ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Bifidobacterium Breve ◽  
Specific Igg

ABSTRACT Mice fed Bifidobacterium breve YIT4064 and immunized orally with influenza virus were more strongly protected against influenza virus infection of the lower respiratory tract than ones immunized with influenza virus only. The number of mice with enhanced anti-influenza virus immunoglobulin G (IgG) in serum upon oral administration of B. breve YIT4064 and oral immunization with influenza virus was significantly greater than that upon oral immunization with influenza virus only. These findings demonstrated that the oral administration of B. breve YIT4064 increased anti-influenza virus IgG antibodies in serum and protected against influenza virus infection. The oral administration of B. breve YIT4064 may enhance antigen-specific IgG against various pathogenic antigens taken orally and induce protection against various virus infections.

scholarly journals Convulsive syndrome in the post-vaccination period: is there a connection with the vaccine?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
E. P. Nacharova ◽  
S. M. Kharit ◽  
A. A. Ruleva
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Clinical Center ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Vaccination Period

The article describes the characteristics and classification of adverse events after immunization (AEFI) according to the latest WHO recommendations. The registration systems for AEFI in the USA and in Russia are described. Particular attention is paid to the interpretation of the convulsive syndrome that developed after vaccination. Four clinical cases of the development of convulsive syndrome in children hospitalized at the Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases of Russia (St. Petersburg) in the postvaccination period are presented. The criteria for differential diagnosis of the described diseases are indicated. Only a search for the etiology of the disease allows us to assess the relationship with vaccination, timely conduct adequate therapy and generate objective information on the safety of vaccines. There is a need to register all episodes of seizures after vaccination and introduce new methods for registering PPI, as well as creating a system of statistical accounting of background health conditions (convulsions, allergies) of the population of the Russian Federation of various age groups.

scholarly journals Influenza A Virus Vaccination: Immunity, Protection, and Recent Advances Toward A Universal Vaccine

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher E. Lopez ◽  
Kevin L. Legge
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Antigenic Drift ◽  
Influenza Vaccines ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Universal Vaccine

Influenza virus infections represent a serious public health threat and account for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide due to seasonal epidemics and periodic pandemics. Despite being an important countermeasure to combat influenza virus and being highly efficacious when matched to circulating influenza viruses, current preventative strategies of vaccination against influenza virus often provide incomplete protection due the continuous antigenic drift/shift of circulating strains of influenza virus. Prevention and control of influenza virus infection with vaccines is dependent on the host immune response induced by vaccination and the various vaccine platforms induce different components of the local and systemic immune response. This review focuses on the immune basis of current (inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV) and live attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIV)) as well as novel vaccine platforms against influenza virus. Particular emphasis will be placed on how each platform induces cross-protection against heterologous influenza viruses, as well as how this immunity compares to and contrasts from the “gold standard” of immunity generated by natural influenza virus infection.

scholarly journals In Vitro System for Modeling Influenza A Virus Resistance under Drug Pressure

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 3442-3450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley N. Brown ◽  
James J. McSharry ◽  
Qingmei Weng ◽  
Elizabeth M. Driebe ◽  
David M. Engelthaler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Virus Replication ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Mdck Cells ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Drug Pressure

ABSTRACT One of the biggest challenges in the effort to treat and contain influenza A virus infections is the emergence of resistance during treatment. It is well documented that resistance to amantadine arises rapidly during the course of treatment due to mutations in the gene coding for the M2 protein. To address this problem, it is critical to develop experimental systems that can accurately model the selection of resistance under drug pressure as seen in humans. We used the hollow-fiber infection model (HFIM) system to examine the effect of amantadine on the replication of influenza virus, A/Albany/1/98 (H3N2), grown in MDCK cells. At 24 and 48 h postinfection, virus replication was inhibited in a dose-dependent fashion. At 72 and 96 h postinfection, virus replication was no longer inhibited, suggesting the emergence of amantadine-resistant virus. Sequencing of the M2 gene revealed that mutations appeared at between 48 and 72 h of drug treatment and that the mutations were identical to those identified in the clinic for amantadine-resistant viruses (e.g., V27A, A30T, and S31N). Interestingly, we found that the type of mutation was strongly affected by the dose of the drug. The data suggest that the HFIM is a good model for influenza virus infection and resistance generation in humans. The HFIM has the advantage of being a highly controlled system where multiplicity parameters can be directly and accurately controlled and measured.

scholarly journals Ethanol Extract of Caesalpinia decapetala Inhibits Influenza Virus Infection In Vitro and In Vivo

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhang ◽  
Jungang Chen ◽  
Chang Ke ◽  
Haiwei Zhang ◽  
Shoujun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Virus Titer ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Virus Infections

Influenza virus infections can lead to viral pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome in severe cases, causing significant morbidity and mortality and posing a great threat to human health. Because of the diversity of influenza virus strains and drug resistance to the current direct antiviral agents, there have been no effective drugs as yet to cure all patients infected by influenza viruses. Natural products from plants contain compounds with diverse structures that have the potential to interact with multiple host and virus factors. In this study, we identified the ethanol extract of Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth) Alston (EEC) as an inhibitor against the replication of a panel of influenza A and B viruses both on human pulmonary epithelial A549 and human monocytic U937 cells. The animal study revealed that EEC administration reduces the weight loss and improves the survival rate of mice infected with lethal influenza virus. Also, EEC treatment attenuated lung injury and reduced virus titer significantly. In conclusion, we showed that EEC has antiviral activity both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that the plant C. decapetala has the potential to be further developed as a resource of new anti-influenza drugs.

scholarly journals THE SWINE LUNGWORM AS A RESERVOIR AND INTERMEDIATE HOST FOR SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUS

1955 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Shope
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Swine Influenza Virus ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Swine Influenza ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Serological Evidence ◽  
Adverse Weather Conditions ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Show Evidence

Twenty-five swine, infested with lungworms infected with masked swine influenza virus, were exposed to adverse weather conditions on one or more occasions. Of these, 4 came down with apparent swine influenza, while 6 others developed serological evidence of infection with swine influenza virus. The remaining 15 prepared swine, as well as 8 lungworm-free control swine, failed to show evidence of swine influenza virus infection, despite repeated exposures to adverse weather. The data presented indicate that, in the 10 swine in which swine influenza virus infections were elicited, some feature of the weather to which the animals were exposed was responsible for provoking masked influenza virus to infectivity. The exact constituent of the meteorological complex comprising "weather", responsible for the provocation, cannot be determined from the data obtained.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial morphodynamics alteration induced by influenza virus infection as a new antiviral strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. e1009340
Author(s):  
Irene Pila-Castellanos ◽  
Diana Molino ◽  
Joe McKellar ◽  
Laetitia Lines ◽  
Juliane Da Graca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Contact Sites ◽  
Virus Trafficking ◽  
Influenza Viral Infection

Influenza virus infections are major public health threats due to their high rates of morbidity and mortality. Upon influenza virus entry, host cells experience modifications of endomembranes, including those used for virus trafficking and replication. Here we report that influenza virus infection modifies mitochondrial morphodynamics by promoting mitochondria elongation and altering endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria tethering in host cells. Expression of the viral RNA recapitulates these modifications inside cells. Virus induced mitochondria hyper-elongation was promoted by fission associated protein DRP1 relocalization to the cytosol, enhancing a pro-fusion status. We show that altering mitochondrial hyper-fusion with Mito-C, a novel pro-fission compound, not only restores mitochondrial morphodynamics and endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contact sites but also dramatically reduces influenza replication. Finally, we demonstrate that the observed Mito-C antiviral property is directly connected with the innate immunity signaling RIG-I complex at mitochondria. Our data highlight the importance of a functional interchange between mitochondrial morphodynamics and innate immunity machineries in the context of influenza viral infection.

scholarly journals Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)5 ameliorates influenza infection via inhibition of EGFR signaling

eLife ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukasz Kedzierski ◽  
Michelle D Tate ◽  
Alan C Hsu ◽  
Tatiana B Kolesnik ◽  
Edmond M Linossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Cytokine Signaling ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions

Influenza virus infections have a significant impact on global human health. Individuals with suppressed immunity, or suffering from chronic inflammatory conditions such as COPD, are particularly susceptible to influenza. Here we show that suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) five has a pivotal role in restricting influenza A virus in the airway epithelium, through the regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Socs5-deficient mice exhibit heightened disease severity, with increased viral titres and weight loss. Socs5 levels were differentially regulated in response to distinct influenza viruses (H1N1, H3N2, H5N1 and H11N9) and were reduced in primary epithelial cells from COPD patients, again correlating with increased susceptibility to influenza. Importantly, restoration of SOCS5 levels restricted influenza virus infection, suggesting that manipulating SOCS5 expression and/or SOCS5 targets might be a novel therapeutic approach to influenza.

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