scholarly journals Identification of climate induced optimal rice yield and vulnerable districts rankings of the Punjab, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azhar Ali Janjua ◽  
Muhammad Aslam ◽  
Naheed Sultana ◽  
Zia Batool
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Impact Evaluation ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Climate Variation ◽  
Geographical Pattern ◽  
District Policy ◽  
Suitable Climate ◽  
Rice Season ◽  
Single Rice

AbstractThe study attracted to insinuate the inhabitant anomalies of the crop yield in the districts of the Punjab where climate variation, inputs utilization, and district exponents are indispensable factors. Impact evaluation of sowing and harvesting dates for rice yield has been analyzed. Suitable sowing and harvesting dates and potential districts for the crop are proposed. Data consisting of 13,617 observations of more than 90 factors encompassing valuable dimensions of the growth of the crops collected through comprehensive surveys conducted by the Agriculture Department of Punjab are formulated to incorporate in this study. The results establish the significant negative repercussions of climate variability while the impacts vary in the districts. The crop yield deteriorates considerably by delaying the sowing and harvesting times. Districts climate-induced vulnerability ranking revealed Layyah, Jhelum, Mianwali, Khanewal and Chinniot, the most vulnerable while Kasur, Gujrat, Mandi Bhauddin, Nankana Sahib and Hafizabad, the least vulnerable districts. Spatial mapping explains the geographical pattern of vulnerabilities and yield/monetary losses. The study ranks districts using climate-induced yield and monetary loss (222.30 thousand metric tons of rice which are equal to 27.79 billion PKR climatic losses in single rice season) and recommends: the formation of district policy to abate the adverse climate impact, utilization of suitable climate variation by adhering proper sowing and harvesting times, setting the prioritized districts facing climate-induced losses for urgent attention and preferable districts for rice crop.

Spatio-temporal analysis of the climate impact on rice yield in north-west India

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Kingra ◽  
Raj Setia ◽  
Satinder Kaur ◽  
Simranjeet Singh ◽  
Som Pal Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Yield ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
North West ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Texasweed (Caperonia palustris) Interference in Drill-Seeded Rice

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 356-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh K. Godara ◽  
Billy J. Williams ◽  
Eric P. Webster ◽  
James L. Griffin ◽  
James P. Geaghan
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Rice Season

Field research was conducted near Saint Joseph, LA, in 2008 and 2009 to evaluate Texasweed interference in drill-seeded rice. Season-long Texasweed interference at 1 plant m−2was estimated to cause 5% yield loss. Yield loss from 10 and 50 plants m−2was 31 and 61%, respectively. Yield loss was primarily due to a reduction in effective tillers per square meter. Thousand-grain weight of rice was not affected by season-long Texasweed interference. Path analysis indicated yield component compensation, i.e., a reduction in effective tillers per square meter probably caused an increase in grains per panicle. However, that effect was not strong enough to reverse the detrimental effect of reduced effective tillers per square meter on rice yield. The critical period of Texasweed interference to cause more than 5% yield loss was estimated to be between 0 and 6 wk after rice emergence.

scholarly journals Uncertainty in soil data can outweigh climate impact signals in global crop yield simulations

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Folberth ◽  
Rastislav Skalský ◽  
Elena Moltchanova ◽  
Juraj Balkovič ◽  
Ligia B. Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Climate Impact

Climate effects on crop yields in the Northeast Farming Region of China during 1961–2010

2016 ◽  
Vol 154 (7) ◽  
pp. 1190-1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. G. YIN ◽  
J. E. OLESEN ◽  
M. WANG ◽  
I. ÖZTÜRK ◽  
F. CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Climatic Variables ◽  
Growth Phases ◽  
Flowering Phase

SUMMARYCrop production in the Northeast Farming Region of China (NFR) is affected considerably by variation in climatic conditions. Data on crop yield and weather conditions from a number of agro-meteorological stations in NFR were used in a mixed linear model to evaluate the impacts of climatic variables on the yield of maize (Zea mays L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in different crop growth phases. The crop growing season was divided into three growth phases based on the average crop phenological dates from records covering 1981 and 2010 at each station, comprising pre-flowering (from sowing to just prior to flowering), flowering (20 days around flowering) and post-flowering (10 days after flowering to maturity). The climatic variables were mean minimum temperature, thermal time (which is used to indicate changes in the length of growth cycles), average daily solar radiation, accumulated precipitation, aridity index (which is used to assess drought stress) and heat degree-days index (HDD) (which is used to indicate heat stress) were calculated for each growth phase and year. Over the 1961–2010 period, the minimum temperature increased significantly in each crop growth phase, the thermal time increased significantly in the pre-flowering phase of each crop and in the post-flowering phases of maize, rice and soybean, and HDD increased significantly in the pre-flowering phase of soybean and wheat. Average solar radiation decreased significantly in the pre-flowering phase of all four crops and in the flowering phase of soybean and wheat. Precipitation increased during the pre-flowering phase leading to less aridity, whereas reduced precipitation in the flowering and post-flowering phases enhanced aridity. Statistical analyses indicated that higher minimum temperature was beneficial for maize, rice and soybean yields, whereas increased temperature reduced wheat yield. Higher solar radiation in the pre-flowering phase was beneficial for maize yield, in the post-flowering phase for wheat yield, whereas higher solar radiation in the flowering phase reduced rice yield. Increased aridity in the pre-flowering and flowering phases severely reduced maize yield, higher aridity in the flowering and post-flowering phases reduced rice yield, and aridity in all growth phases reduced soybean and wheat yields. Higher HDD in all growth phases reduced maize and soybean yield and HDD in the pre-flowering phase reduced rice yield. Such effects suggest that projected future climate change may have marked effects on crop yield through effects of several climatic variables, calling for adaptation measures such as breeding and changes in crop, soil and agricultural water management.

scholarly journals VARIABILITY OF RICE YIELD WITH RESPECT TO CROP HEALTH

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renny Eka Putri ◽  
Azmi Yahya ◽  
Nor Maria Adam ◽  
Samsuzana Abd Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Grid Point ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
Cutting Test ◽  
Available Technology ◽  
Crop Health

Chlorophyll content of leaf can be used as an indicator of the crop health. The SPAD chlorophyll meter has been acceptably used for rapid analysis of chlorophyll content and nitrogen status of crops while it has not been established how strongly the SPAD values are correlated with rice yield within a plot. This study was to explore the relationship between rice yields and the leaf SPAD value of the associated rice plots. Twenty sampling points of rice leaves plant were taken at three difference growing stages based on grid point sampling of 30m x 18m for two crop seasons. Two methods, namely instantaneous yield from on-board yield monitoring system mounted on a combine harvester and estimated crop yield from cutting test (CCT) yield were used to measure the variability of harvested rice yield within the rice plot. The SPAD values were found positively correlated with grain yield at different growth stages.  The highest significant correlation was at crop age 70 days after planting with Pearson’s correlations (r) ranging 0.7280 to 0.8336 (P<0.001). Consequently, information with regards to SPAD value variability could triggers farmers in taking immediate in situ action for improving the crop yield while information with regards to crop yield variability could assist farmers in planning the proper farming practice for the subsequent cropping seasons. Generally, this available technology would assist farmers in improving their crop yield and their economic status.

scholarly journals Forecasting of Kharif Rice and Jute Yield in North Bengal through Statistical Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
Kousik Nandi ◽  
Anwesh Rai ◽  
Soumen Mondal ◽  
Subhendu Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Deb Sankar Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Model ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Climate Change Scenario ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
State Level ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Yield Prediction ◽  
Yield Forecast ◽  
Crop Yield Forecasting ◽  
North Bengal

Crop yield forecasting under the present climate change scenario needs an effective model and its parameter that how crop respond to the weather variable. A number of weather based models have been developed to estimate the crop yield for the various crops at block, district and state level. Among the different model statistical model is more popular and commonly used. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the performance of statistical model for rice and jute yield forecast of four different district viz. Cooch Behar, Jalpaiguri, Uttar Dinajpurand and Dakhin Dinajpur. Among the four districts Cooch Behar district found superior for kharif rice yield prediction (1.46% error with RMSE 177.68 kg/ha) whereas in case of jute crop its performance was the best in the Jalpaiguri district (-0.44% error with RMSE 217.50 kg/ha).

scholarly journals RICE YIELD ESTIMATION THROUGH ASSIMILATING SATELLITE DATA INTO A CROP SIMUMLATION MODEL

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B8 ◽  
pp. 993-996
Author(s):  
N. T. Son ◽  
C. F. Chen ◽  
C. R. Chen ◽  
L. Y. Chang ◽  
S. H. Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Data Assimilation ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Cost Function ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Yield Estimation ◽  
Crop Simulation Model ◽  
Crop Simulation ◽  
The Cost

Rice is globally the most important food crop, feeding approximately half of the world’s population, especially in Asia where around half of the world’s poorest people live. Thus, advanced spatiotemporal information of rice crop yield during crop growing season is critically important for crop management and national food policy making. The main objective of this study was to develop an approach to integrate remotely sensed data into a crop simulation model (DSSAT) for rice yield estimation in Taiwan. The data assimilation was processed to integrate biophysical parameters into DSSAT model for rice yield estimation using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The cost function was constructed based on the differences between the simulated leaf area index (LAI) and MODIS LAI, and the optimization process starts from an initial parameterization and accordingly adjusts parameters (e.g., planting date, planting population, and fertilizer amount) in the crop simulation model. The fitness value obtained from the cost function determined whether the optimization algorithm had reached the optimum input parameters using a user-defined tolerance. The results of yield estimation compared with the government’s yield statistics indicated the root mean square error (RMSE) of 11.7% and mean absolute error of 9.7%, respectively. This study demonstrated the applicability of satellite data assimilation into a crop simulation model for rice yield estimation, and the approach was thus proposed for crop yield monitoring purposes in the study region.

scholarly journals Induction of defense in cereals by 4-fluorophenoxyacetic acid suppresses insect pest populations and increases crop yields in the field

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (22) ◽  
pp. 12017-12028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanwan Wang ◽  
Pengyong Zhou ◽  
Xiaochang Mo ◽  
Lingfei Hu ◽  
Nuo Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Sogatella Furcifera ◽  
Parenchyma Cells ◽  
Increase Crop Yield

Synthetic chemical elicitors, so called plant strengtheners, can protect plants from pests and pathogens. Most plant strengtheners act by modifying defense signaling pathways, and little is known about other mechanisms by which they may increase plant resistance. Moreover, whether plant strengtheners that enhance insect resistance actually enhance crop yields is often unclear. Here, we uncover how a mechanism by which 4-fluorophenoxyacetic acid (4-FPA) protects cereals from piercing-sucking insects and thereby increases rice yield in the field. Four-FPA does not stimulate hormonal signaling, but modulates the production of peroxidases, H2O2, and flavonoids and directly triggers the formation of flavonoid polymers. The increased deposition of phenolic polymers in rice parenchyma cells of 4-FPA-treated plants is associated with a decreased capacity of the white-backed planthopper (WBPH)Sogatella furciferato reach the plant phloem. We demonstrate that application of 4-PFA in the field enhances rice yield by reducing the abundance of, and damage caused by, insect pests. We demonstrate that 4-FPA also increases the resistance of other major cereals such as wheat and barley to piercing-sucking insect pests. This study unravels a mode of action by which plant strengtheners can suppress herbivores and increase crop yield. We postulate that this represents a conserved defense mechanism of plants against piercing-sucking insect pests, at least in cereals.

scholarly journals Climate Impact Evaluation as Part of Aircraft Pre-Design

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Dahlmann ◽  
Christine Fichter ◽  
Volker Grewe ◽  
Bernd Kärcher ◽  
Robert Sausen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Evaluation ◽  
Climate Impact
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