scholarly journals A prospective interventional trial on the effect of periodontal treatment on Fusobacterium nucleatum abundance in patients with colorectal tumours

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Yoshihara ◽  
Mitomu Kioi ◽  
Junichi Baba ◽  
Haruki Usuda ◽  
Takaomi Kessoku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Periodontal Treatment ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Low Grade Dysplasia ◽  
Colorectal Tumours

AbstractFusobacterium nucleatum is associated with the progression of colorectal cancer. Thus, the possibility of preventing colorectal cancer or its progression by targeting F. nucleatum has been explored. As F. nucleatum is associated with periodontitis, we analysed whether treating periodontitis could influence F. nucleatum abundance in the colon. Patients with colorectal tumours who underwent colonoscopy were recruited. Patients diagnosed with periodontitis by a dentist were treated for approximately 3 months. Endoscopic resection of colorectal tumours was performed after periodontitis treatment, and resected tumours were pathologically classified as high-(HGD) or low-grade dysplasia (LGD). Saliva and stool samples were collected before and after the treatment. Of the 58 patients with colorectal tumours, 31 were included in the study, 16 showed improvement in periodontitis, and 11 showed no improvement. Stool F. nucleatum levels before treatment were significantly lower in the LGD group than in the HGD group. A significant decrease in faecal F. nucleatum levels was observed in patients who underwent successful treatment but not in those whose treatment failed. Salivary F. nucleatum levels were not altered in patients despite periodontal treatment. Thus, successful periodontitis treatment reduces stool F. nucleatum levels and may aid research on periodontitis and suppression of colorectal cancer development.

The role of adenoma for colorectal cancer development: Differences in the distribution of adenoma with low-grade dysplasia, high-grade dysplasia, and cancer that invades the submucosa

Surgery ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. S105-S108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoichi Ikeda ◽  
Masaki Mori ◽  
Kotaro Shibahara ◽  
Akinori Iwashita ◽  
Yukiaki Haraguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
High Grade Dysplasia ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Low Grade Dysplasia

scholarly journals NLRP3 Inflammasome: A Possible Link Between Obesity-Associated Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation and Colorectal Cancer Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Ahechu ◽  
Gabriel Zozaya ◽  
Pablo Martí ◽  
José Luis Hernández-Lizoáin ◽  
Jorge Baixauli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Low Grade

Increased risk of high-grade dysplasia and colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease patients with recurrent low-grade dysplasia

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 1334-1342.e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiel E. de Jong ◽  
Heleen Kanne ◽  
Loes H.C. Nissen ◽  
Joost P.H. Drenth ◽  
Lauranne A.A. P. Derikx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
High Grade Dysplasia ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Low Grade Dysplasia

scholarly journals Screening colonoscopy in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emeka Ray-Offor ◽  
Fatimah B. Abdulkareem
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Screening Colonoscopy ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Screening And Surveillance ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Polyp Detection Rate ◽  
Adenoma Detection ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low Grade Dysplasia

Colonoscopy is a screening tool for colorectal cancer. The cost of this service, ready availability and expertise are factors limiting its routine use in low-/middle-income countries. The aim was to study premalignant colonic polyps in asymptomatic middle-aged Nigerians and highlight the usefulness of screening colonoscopy in a sub-Saharan African population. We carried out an observational study on asymptomatic patients undergoing screening colonoscopy in a referral endoscopy facility in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria from January to December 2018. The variables collated were demographics, endoscopic and histologic findings. Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 20 Armonk, NY. A total of 144 colonoscopy procedures were performed during the study period with 70 asymptomatic cases for screening indication. Sixty-five were males and 5 females. The age range was from 48 years to 60 years; mean 54.8 ± 3.6 years. A polyp-detection rate of 53.7% was recorded with multiple polyps seen in 13 cases. Adenoma(s) detected in 19 persons were: 22 tubular adenomas with low grade dysplasia; 3 tubulo-villous adenomas with low grade dysplasia; 1 sessile serrated adenoma. The adenoma detection rate was 28.8%. No abnormality was detected in 19 cases. There is a worrisome prevalence of adenomatous polyps; villous adenoma is rare. A targeted policy of screening and surveillance by colonoscopy will curb the rising incidence of colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals P127 Developing a colorectal cancer risk prediction tool for patients with ulcerative colitis and low-grade dysplasia

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S157-S158 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Kabir ◽  
K Curtius ◽  
I Al-Bakir ◽  
C -H R Choi ◽  
T Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Prediction Tool ◽  
Low Grade Dysplasia

scholarly journals Conversion from epithelial to partial-EMT phenotype by Fusobacterium nucleatum infection promotes invasion of oral cancer cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhua Shao ◽  
Natsumi Fujiwara ◽  
Yasuhiro Mouri ◽  
Satoru Kisoda ◽  
Kayo Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Epithelial Phenotype ◽  
Oral Cancer Cells ◽  
Metastatic Risk

Abstract The ability of cancer cells to undergo partial-epithelial mesenchymal transition (p-EMT), rather than complete EMT, poses a higher metastatic risk. Although Fusobacterium nucleatum mainly inhabits in oral cavity, attention has been focused on the F. nucleatum involvement in colorectal cancer development. Here we examined the p-EMT regulation by F. nucleatum in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. We cultured OSCC cells with epithelial, p-EMT or EMT phenotype with live or heat-inactivated F. nucleatum. Expression of the genes involved in epithelial differentiation, p-EMT and EMT were examined in OSCC cells after co-culture with F. nucleatum by qPCR. Cell growth and invasion of OSCC cells were also examined. Both live and heat-inactivated F. nucleatum upregulated the expression of p-EMT-related genes in OSCC cells with epithelial phenotype, but not with p-EMT or EMT phenotype. Moreover, F. nucleatum promoted invasion of OSCC cells with epithelial phenotype. Co-culture with other strains of bacteria other than Porphyromonas gingivalis did not alter p-EMT-related genes in OSCC cells with epithelial phenotype. F. nucleatum infection may convert epithelial to p-EMT phenotype via altering gene expression in OSCC. Oral hygiene managements against F. nucleatum infection may contribute to reduce the risk for an increase in metastatic ability of OSCC.

scholarly journals ­Rotavirus group A genotype circulation patterns across Kenya before and after nationwide vaccine introduction, 2010-2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Mwanga ◽  
Betty Owor ◽  
John Ocheing ◽  
Mwanajuma Ngama ◽  
Billy Ogwel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Vaccine Introduction ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Epidemiological Changes ◽  
Group A ◽  
Vaccine Impact ◽  
Stool Samples

Abstract Background: Kenya introduced the monovalent G1P[8] Rotarix® vaccine into the infant immunization schedule in July 2014. We examined trends in rotavirus group A (RVA) genotype distribution pre- (January 2010 - June 2014) and post- (July 2014-December 2018) RVA vaccine introduction.Methods: Stool samples were collected from children aged <13 years from four surveillance sites across Kenya: Kilifi County Hospital, Tabitha Clinic, Lwak Mission Hospital, and Siaya County Referral Hospital (children aged <5 years only). Samples were screened for RVA using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and G and P genes sequenced to infer genotypes.Results: We genotyped 614 samples in pre-vaccine and 261 in post-vaccine introduction periods. During the pre-vaccine introduction period, the most frequent RVA genotypes were G1P[8] (45.8%), G8P[4] (15.8%), G9P[8] (13.2%), G2P[4] (7.0%) and G3P[6] (3.1%). In the post-vaccine introduction period, the most frequent genotypes were G1P[8] (52.1%), G2P[4] (20.7%) and G3P[8] (16.1%). Predominant genotypes varied by year and site in both pre and post-vaccine periods. Temporal genotype patterns showed an increase in prevalence of heterotypic commonly DS-1-like G2P[4] (7.0 to 20.7%, P <.001) and G3P[8] (1.3 to 16.1%, P< .001) genotypes in the post-vaccine introduction period. Additionally, we observed a decline in prevalence of genotypes G8P[4] (15.8 to 0.4%, P <.001) and G9P[8] (13.2 to 5.4%, P <.001) in the post-vaccine introduction period.Conclusion: Genotype prevalence varied from before to after vaccine introduction. Such observations emphasize the need for long-term surveillance to monitor vaccine impact. These changes may represent natural secular variation or possible immuno-epidemiological changes arising from the introduction of the vaccine. Full length sequencing could provide insights into post-vaccine evolutionary pressures and antigenic diversity.

Both endogenous and exogenous miR-139–5p inhibit Fusobacterium nucleatum-related colorectal cancer development

2020 ◽  
Vol 888 ◽  
pp. 173459
Author(s):  
Yuyu Zhao ◽  
Qianying Tao ◽  
Shaoyu Li ◽  
Peiyong Zheng ◽  
Jianwen Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Cancer Development
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