scholarly journals Gene regulation contributes to explain the impact of early life socioeconomic disadvantage on adult inflammatory levels in two cohort studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Carmeli ◽  
Zoltán Kutalik ◽  
Pashupati P. Mishra ◽  
Eleonora Porcu ◽  
Cyrille Delpierre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Socioeconomic Disadvantage ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIndividuals experiencing socioeconomic disadvantage in childhood have a higher rate of inflammation-related diseases decades later. Little is known about the mechanisms linking early life experiences to the functioning of the immune system in adulthood. To address this, we explore the relationship across social-to-biological layers of early life social exposures on levels of adulthood inflammation and the mediating role of gene regulatory mechanisms, epigenetic and transcriptomic profiling from blood, in 2,329 individuals from two European cohort studies. Consistently across both studies, we find transcriptional activity explains a substantive proportion (78% and 26%) of the estimated effect of early life disadvantaged social exposures on levels of adulthood inflammation. Furthermore, we show that mechanisms other than cis DNA methylation may regulate those transcriptional fingerprints. These results further our understanding of social-to-biological transitions by pinpointing the role of gene regulation that cannot fully be explained by differential cis DNA methylation.

scholarly journals Gene regulation contributes to explain the impact of early life socioeconomic disadvantage on adult inflammatory levels in two European cohort studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Carmeli ◽  
Zoltán Kutalik ◽  
Pashupati P. Mishra ◽  
Eleonora Porcu ◽  
Cyrille Delpierre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Socioeconomically Disadvantaged ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTIndividuals growing up during childhood in a socioeconomically disadvantaged family experience a higher rate of inflammation-related diseases later in life. Little is known about the mechanisms linking early life experiences to the functioning of the immune system decades later. Here we explore the relationship across social-to-biological layers of early life social exposures on levels of adulthood inflammation (C-reactive protein) and the mediating role of gene regulatory mechanisms, epigenetic and transcriptomic profiling from blood, in 2,329 individuals from two European cohort studies. Consistently across both studies, we find transcriptional activity explains a substantive proportion (up to 78%) of the estimated effect of early life disadvantaged social exposures on levels of adulthood inflammation. Furthermore, we show that mechanisms other than DNA methylation potentially regulate those transcriptional fingerprints. These results further our understanding of social-to-biological transitions by pinpointing the role of pro-inflammatory genes regulation that cannot fully be explained by differential DNA methylation.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the organizational performance of manufacturing firms

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 184797901771262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Adnan Al-Tit
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Numerous studies have been conducted to explore the individual effects of organizational culture (OC) and supply chain management (SCM) practices on organizational performance (OP) in different settings. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of OC and SCM on OP. The sample of the study consisted of 93 manufacturing firms in Jordan. Data were collected from employees and managers from different divisions using a reliable and valid measurement instrument. The findings confirm that both OC and SCM practices significantly predict OP. The current study is significant in reliably testing the relationship between SCM practices and OP; however, it is necessary to consider cultural assumptions, values and beliefs as the impact of OC on OP is greater than the impact of SCM practices. Based on the results, future studies should consider the moderating and mediating role of OC on the relationship between SCM practices and OP.

The mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and god image among Turkish Muslims

2021 ◽  
pp. 008467242110472
Author(s):  
Ferdi Kıraç
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
God Image ◽  
Image Of God ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Childhood maltreatment is widespread in predominantly Muslim countries. However, the research investigating the impact of childhood maltreatment on the adult survivors’ religious and spiritual lives has mainly focused on Western Judeo-Christian samples. Considering cross-cultural differences in religious beliefs, in this study, we investigated the relationship between childhood maltreatment and god image, and the mediating role of self-esteem in a sample of Muslim Turkish adults. Eight hundred two participants completed Childhood Trauma Questionnaire–Short Form, God Perception Scale, and Self-Esteem Scale. Findings revealed that all childhood maltreatment subtypes predicted negative image of god and self-esteem mediated some of the negative effects of each maltreatment subtype on god image. The study also found that emotional neglect was the most prominent predictor of negative image of god, followed by emotional abuse. Based on attachment theory, we concluded that the emotional component of childhood maltreatment had more long-lasting adverse consequences in survivors’s relationship with god in Muslim adults.

scholarly journals The Relationship among Emotional Leadership, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment: Taking China’s Hotel Industry as an Example

2020 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 04014
Author(s):  
Yixing Jin ◽  
Peiying Wu ◽  
Cheng Lin ◽  
Yingda Wang
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Emotional Leadership ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

This study investigated the impact of emotional leadership of leaders on organizational commitment of hotel employees, as well as the mediating role of job satisfaction. The results indicate that: (1) Emotional leadership and job satisfaction have positive effects on organizational commitment. (2) Emotional leadership has a positive effect on job satisfaction. (3) Job satisfaction plays a mediating role between emotional leadership and organizational commitment.

Family support and entrepreneurial passion: The mediating role of entrepreneurs' psychological capital

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Jian-Li Gao ◽  
Dong-Sheng Li ◽  
Mary-Louise Conway
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Entrepreneurial Passion ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Entrepreneurial passion is seen as a valuable predictor of entrepreneurs' behavior and performance. We explored what makes entrepreneurs passionate by adopting a qualitative research method from a social support perspective. To test our hypotheses we conducted a survey with 287 young entrepreneurs in China. Using structural equation modeling we studied the impact of three types of support from the family on entrepreneurial passion. The results show that financial support and social capital support had a stronger influence on entrepreneurial passion than did emotional support. Further, psychological capital played a partial mediating role in the relationship between family support and entrepreneurial passion. This study enhances the integrity of previous research conclusions on entrepreneurial passion and, in particular, provides further insight into the development of nascent entrepreneurs and their new businesses.

The impacts of high-commitment HRM practices on exploitative and exploratory innovation: the mediating role of knowledge sharing

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Son Thanh Than ◽  
Phong Ba Le ◽  
Thanh Trung Le
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Innovation Capability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Hrm Practices ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Exploratory Innovation

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the mediating roles of knowledge sharing behaviors (knowledge collecting and donating) in linking the relationship between high-commitment human resource management (HRM)practices and specific aspects of innovation capability, namely, exploitative and exploratory innovation. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on quantitative approach and structural equation modeling to examine the correlation among the latent constructs based on the survey data collected from 281 participants in 95 Chinese firms. Findings The findings of this study support the mediating role of knowledge sharing (KS) behaviors in the relationship between HRM practices and aspects of innovation capability. It highlights the important role of knowledge donating and indicates that the effect of knowledge donating is more significant than that of knowledge collecting on exploitative and exploratory innovation. Research limitations/implications Future research should investigate the impact of high-commitment HRM practices on innovation capability under the moderating effects of organizational variables to bring better understanding on the relationship among them. Originality/value The paper significantly contributes to increasing knowledge and insights on the correlation between high-commitment HRM practices and specific forms of innovation. The understanding on mediating role of KS contribute to advancing the body of knowledge of HRM and innovation theory.

The Persuasive Effect of Product Placements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravineet Kaur ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Sharma ◽  
Apurva Bakshi
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Change ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Product Placements ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Marketers are increasingly relying on covert advertising tactics to persuade consumers. This empirical study selected the context of an emerging market to examine the effectiveness of product placements. Using an experimental design, we captured the affective and behavioral responses of young Indian adults. The results indicated that young adults are positive about product placements. The mediating role of brand attitude change in the relationship between attitude toward product placements and purchase intentions is established. The study provides valuable insights into the impact of execution factors on viewers’ responses. Implications and directions for future research are discussed based on the results of this study.

Impact of Inclusive Leadership on Project Success

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-79
Author(s):  
Arslan Mir ◽  
Muhammad Rafique ◽  
Namra Mubarak
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Project Success ◽  
Work Behavior ◽  
Inclusive Leadership ◽  
Innovative Work Behavior ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Innovative Work ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of the present study is to investigate the impact of inclusive leadership on project success with the mediating role of innovative work behavior and moderating role of knowledge sharing. Data were collected from information technology projects in Pakistan. After validating the proposed model, path analysis was conducted. The findings revealed that inclusive leadership is significantly related with innovative work behavior and project success. Further, the findings showed that innovative work mediates the relationship between inclusive leadership and project success. Moreover, knowledge sharing doesn't moderate the relationship between inclusive leadership and innovative work behavior. The theoretical and practical implications and limitations of the study are discussed in detail.

The impact of transactional and transformational leadership on employee intention to stay in deluxe hotels: Mediating role of organisational commitment

2020 ◽  
pp. 146735842097215
Author(s):  
Abu Elnasr E Sobaih ◽  
Ahmed M Hasanein ◽  
Meqbel M Aliedan ◽  
Hassan S Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Leadership Styles ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Organisational Commitment ◽  
Intention To Stay ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the impact of both transformational leadership (TFL) and transactional leadership (TCL) on employee intention to stay (ITS) in deluxe hotels. It also examines the mediating role of organisational commitment (OC) in the relationship between leadership styles, i.e. TFL and TCL, and ITS. A pre-tested questionnaire survey was self-administered to front-line employees in deluxe hotels in Egypt, where these leadership styles were prominent. The key findings showed that TFL has more positive impact on OC and ITS than TCL. Affective commitment (AC) and normative commitment (NC) were found to partially mediate the relationship between both leadership styles and ITS. Employees exhibit higher ITS when they perceive proper leadership practices, especially TFL. Hotel executives should place more emphasis and investments on TFL to effectively achieve OC and positively influence ITS which is critical for the hotel industry that often suffers from high employee turnover.

Network externalities and the perception of innovation characteristics: mobile banking

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 592-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Yeong Ewe ◽  
Sheau Fen Yap ◽  
Christina Kwai Choi Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Banking ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Innovation Characteristics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Technology Anxiety ◽  
Perception Of Innovation

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between the sub-components of network externalities (NE), investigates the mediating role of the perception of innovation characteristics and explores the potential moderating effects of technology anxiety within an integrative framework using the theories of diffusion of innovation (DOI) and NE on the behavioural intention of mobile banking services. NE theory explains the impact of an increase in number of users and complementary services on perceived value of product innovation. Design/methodology/approach – This study clarifies the relationship between the sub-components of NE, investigates the mediating role of the perception of innovation characteristics and explores the potential moderating effects of technology anxiety within an integrative framework using the theories of DOI and NE on the behavioural intention of mobile banking services. NE theory explains the impact of an increase in number of users and complementary services on perceived value of product innovation. Findings – Empirical results support the positive relationship between perceived number of users and availability of complementary services. The results lend support to the hypothesized mediating role of perceived compatibility and perceived complexity on the influence of indirect NE on the intention to use mobile banking. Finally, technology anxiety did not moderate any of the paths postulated in the hypothesized model. Practical implications – The findings suggest that the willingness to adopt mobile banking may be increased by providing and promoting a wide range of complementary services because the availability of complementary services gives the impression that mobile banking is easy to use and is compatible with their lifestyles. Originality/value – This study contributes to the literature on DOI by using NE theory, a theory borrowed from Economics to explain an underlying motivation to adopt an innovation. This is an original study which tests the proposition that NE may influence the perception of innovation characteristics and intention to adopt an innovation.

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