scholarly journals Anti-fungal activity of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) leaf extract and its development into a botanical fungicide to control pepper phytophthora blight

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Liao ◽  
Xuexiang Ren ◽  
Quan Gao ◽  
Niuniu Liu ◽  
Feng Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Moso Bamboo ◽  
Phyllostachys Pubescens ◽  
Phytophthora Blight ◽  
Edible Plant ◽  
Fungal Activity ◽  
Anti Fungal ◽  
Pepper Phytophthora Blight

AbstractMoso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens, Gramineae) is a well-known medicinal and edible plant found in China with various bioactivities, but few systematic studies address the utilization of its anti-fungal activity. The extract of moso bamboo leaf showed good anti-fungal activity to Phytophthora capsici, Fusarium graminearum, Valsa mali Miyabe et Yamada, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Venturia nashicola, and Botrytis cinerea Pers, with inhibitory rate of 100.00%, 75.12%, 60.66%, 57.24%, 44.62%, and 30.16%, respectively. Anti-fungal activity was different by the difference of samples picking time and location. The extract showed good synergistic effects with carbendazim at the ratios of 9:1 and 15:1 (extract : carbendazim), and the co-toxicity coefficients were 124.4 and 139.95. Compound 2 was isolated and identified as the main active component, with the EC50 value of 11.02 mg L−1. Then, the extract was formulated as a 10% emulsion in water, which was stable and had no acute toxic effects. Moreover, a field trial about this formulation was assayed to control pepper phytophthora blight, with the control effect of 85.60%. These data provided a better understanding of the anti-fungal activity and relevant active component of moso bamboo leaf extract. Taken together, our findings illustrated that bamboo leaf extract could be developed and utilized as a botanical fungicide or fungicide adjuvant.

scholarly journals Formulation and chemical characterization of Clerodendrum infortunatum leaf extract in relation to anti-fungal activity

Heliyon ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. e01047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumen Saha ◽  
Ayan Mukherjee ◽  
Subrata Biswas ◽  
Debjani Choudhury ◽  
Jayanta Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Fungal Activity ◽  
Anti Fungal

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THE LEAF EXTRACT OF THUNBERGIA COCCINEA (FAMILY-ACANTHACEAE)

2019 ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
NARGIS SULTANA ◽  
SUMIT DAS
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Fungal Activity ◽  
Anti Fungal

Objective: To estimate the antimicrobial activity of the leaf extract of Thunbergia coccinea in association with phytochemical analysis. Methods: The extraction of the leaves of Thunbergia coccinea was done by using a various solvent like petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol. The phytochemical constitutes are investigated by using standard methods. Antimicrobial activity of leave extract was carried out against gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and one gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli). The anti-fungal activity of the plant extract was evaluated on Candida albicans. The testing was done by using disc diffusion method. The zone of inhibition was compared with standard Amikacin for anti-bacterial activity and fluconazole for anti-fungal activity. Results: The present investigation shows the phytochemical analysis which revealed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, cardiac glycoside, saponin glycoside, tannin and phenolics. The antimicrobial activity of plant extract is showed significant result against all three of the test organism. Conclusion: The present study concluded that the leaf extract of Thunbergia coccinea contain various phytochemicals and possess promising antimicrobial activity when compared with the standards.

In situ detection of the fracture behaviour of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) by scanning electron microscopy

Holzforschung ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 1183-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanrong Liu ◽  
Xiaoqing Wang ◽  
Xiubiao Zhang ◽  
Zhengjun Sun ◽  
Zehui Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Fracture Behaviour ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Interfacial Debonding ◽  
Moso Bamboo ◽  
Phyllostachys Pubescens ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The remarkable fracture toughness of bamboo culms is highly attributed to the proper embedding of the stiff fibre caps of the vascular bundles into the soft parenchyma matrix. In this study, the fracture behaviour of small specimens of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) in tension and bending were investigated in situ with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to visualise crack initiation and propagation within bamboo tissues and its interactions with the structural components (fibres and parenchyma tissues). Fracture surfaces were studied by field-emission SEM. The fracture of bamboo in either tension or bending was non-catastrophic, and cracks propagated in a tortuous manner with massive interfacial delamination. The stiff fibre bundles played an important role in restraining crack propagation, acting as bridges to inhibit cracks opening and also as “crack stoppers” inducing extensive crack-deflections. Microstructural analysis of the fractured surfaces revealed that substantial interfacial debonding, sliding and fibre pull-outs occurred at various length scales, which are believed to be effective in dissipating the crack energy. The synergistic effects of crack-deflection, crack-bridging and interfacial debonding are regarded to be mainly responsible for the remarkable fracture toughness of bamboo.

In vitro anti-fungal activity of a plant-based ear gel and its essential oils

Planta Medica ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
JK Ketzis ◽  
N Nolard ◽  
NS Ryder
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Fungal Activity ◽  
Anti Fungal

scholarly journals Water Resistance and Creep Behavior of Heat-Treated Moso Bamboo Determined by the Stepped Isostress Method

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1264
Author(s):  
Teng-Chun Yang ◽  
Tung-Lin Wu ◽  
Chin-Hao Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Creep Behavior ◽  
Heat Treatment Temperature ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Moso Bamboo ◽  
Phyllostachys Pubescens ◽  
Heat Treated

The influence of heat treatment on the physico-mechanical properties, water resistance, and creep behavior of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) was determined in this study. The results revealed that the density, moisture content, and flexural properties showed negative relationships with the heat treatment temperature, while an improvement in the dimensional stability (anti-swelling efficiency and anti-water absorption efficiency) of heat-treated samples was observed during water absorption tests. Additionally, the creep master curves of the untreated and heat-treated samples were successfully constructed using the stepped isostress method (SSM) at a series of elevated stresses. Furthermore, the SSM-predicted creep compliance curves fit well with the 90-day full-scale experimental data. When the heat treatment temperature increased to 180 °C, the degradation ratio of the creep resistance (rd) significantly increased over all periods. However, the rd of the tested bamboo decreased as the heat treatment temperature increased up to 220 °C.

MICROSTRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF MOSO BAMBOO (Phyllostachys pubescens MAZEL) SURFACE AFTER UV RADIATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 1950090
Author(s):  
HAIXIA YU ◽  
XIN PAN ◽  
WEIMING YANG ◽  
WENFU ZHANG ◽  
XIAOWEI ZHUANG
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Parenchyma Cell ◽  
Moso Bamboo ◽  
Thick Wall ◽  
Phyllostachys Pubescens ◽  
Thin Wall ◽  
Intercellular Spaces ◽  
Parenchyma Cell Walls

Bamboo material is widely used in outdoor applications. However, they are easily degraded when exposed to sunlight, their smooth surface will gradually turn to rough, and small cracks will appear and finally develop to large cracks. The paper presents a first-time investigation on the microstructure changes in the tangential section of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel) radiated by artificial UV light. The results showed that the cracks mainly appeared at intercellular spaces of fibers where lignin content was high, the parenchyma cell walls and neighbor pits where the cell wall was very thin and more vulnerable than the other parts. In addition, the part of raised area and pit cavity tended to absorb more UV light radiation and showed more and larger cracks than the otherwhere. Cracks at the intercellular spaces of fibers were larger and bigger than those on the parenchyma cell walls. The cracks on the pits of the parenchyma cell walls normally appeared at one pit and then extended to the several surrounding pits. Bordered pits cavity showed more and larger cracks than the pits on the thin wall cells. The simple pits on the thick wall cells and the fiber cells were unaffected by UV radiation.

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