scholarly journals Practical aspects of the application of helical tomotherapy for craniospinal irradiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joongyo Lee ◽  
Euidam Kim ◽  
Nalee Kim ◽  
Hwa Kyung Byun ◽  
Chang-Ok Suh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Helical Tomotherapy ◽  
Craniospinal Irradiation ◽  
Setup Errors ◽  
Ap Weight ◽  
Setup Verification ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment

AbstractWe investigated the practical aspects of the application of craniospinal irradiation using helical tomotherapy (HT-CSI) by evaluating interfractional setup errors and intrafractional movement during each treatment in 83 patients undergoing HT-CSI between January 2014 and December 2018. Interfractional setup errors in each axis (mediolateral; ML, craniocaudal; CC, and anteroposterior; AP) were assessed as differences between pre-treatment megavoltage computed tomography (MVCT) images scanned (zygomatic arch to the C4 spine) and planning CT images. Intrafractional movements were evaluated as the difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment MVCT (T12–L4 spine) images at each fraction. Median interfractional setup error was acceptable in every axis (ML: 1.6 mm, CC: 1.9 mm, AP: 3.1 mm). Seven patients (8.4%) experienced significant intrafractional displacement from 1 to 10 fractions (0.34% for ML, 0.74% for CC, 1.21% for AP). Weight loss grade 1+ during treatment (p = 0.016) was an independent risk factor for significant intrafractional displacement. The risk factor for significant intrafractional movement in pediatric patients was weight loss grade 1+ (p = 0.020), while there was no factor in adults. HT-CSI could be a feasible treatment modality with acceptable setup verification. Inter- and intrafractional errors were acceptable; paying attention to weight loss during treatment is necessary, especially in pediatric patients.

scholarly journals Practical Aspects of the Application of Helical Tomotherapy for Craniospinal Irradiation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joongyo Lee ◽  
Euidam Kim ◽  
Nalee Kim ◽  
Hwa Kyung Byun ◽  
Chang-Ok Suh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Helical Tomotherapy ◽  
Craniospinal Irradiation ◽  
Setup Errors ◽  
Ap Weight ◽  
Setup Verification ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract We investigated the practical aspects of the application of craniospinal irradiation using helical tomotherapy (HT-CSI) by evaluating interfractional setup errors and intrafractional movement during each treatment in 83 patients undergoing HT-CSI between January 2014 and December 2018. Interfractional setup errors in each axis (mediolateral; ML, craniocaudal; CC, and anteroposterior; AP) were assessed as differences between pre-treatment megavoltage computed tomography (MVCT) images scanned (zygomatic arch to the C4 spine) and planning CT images. Intrafractional movements were evaluated as the difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment MVCT (T12–L4 spine) images at each fraction. Median interfractional setup error was acceptable in every axis (ML: 1.6 mm, CC: 1.9 mm, AP: 3.1 mm). Seven patients (8.4%) experienced significant intrafractional displacement from 1 to 10 fractions (0.35% for ML, 0.77% for CC, 1.26% for AP). Weight loss grade 1+ during treatment (p=0.016) was an independent risk factor for significant intrafractional displacement. The risk factor for significant intrafractional movement in pediatric patients was weight loss grade 1+ (p=0.020), while there was no factor in adults. HT-CSI could be a feasible treatment modality with acceptable setup verification. Inter- and intrafractional errors were acceptable; paying attention to weight loss during treatment is necessary, especially in pediatric patients.

scholarly journals The ratio of weight loss to planning target volume significantly impacts setup errors in nasopharyngeal cancer patients undergoing helical tomotherapy with daily megavoltage computed tomography

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Hsien Hou ◽  
Chun-Wei Wang ◽  
Chiao-Ling Tsai ◽  
Feng-Ming Hsu ◽  
Jason Chia-Hsien Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Planning Target Volume ◽  
Helical Tomotherapy ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Body Frame ◽  
Setup Errors ◽  
Megavoltage Computed Tomography

Abstract Background Changes in head and neck anatomy during radiation therapy (RT) produce setup uncertainties of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) irradiation. We retrospectively analyzed image guidance data to identify clinical predictors of setup errors. Patients and methods The data of 217 NPC patients undergoing definitive RT on a helical tomotherapy (HT) unit were analyzed. Factors including tumor stage, body mass index, weight loss, and planning target volume (PTV) were assessed as predictors of daily megavoltage computed tomography (MVCT) setup displacements, which were automatically registered using software. Results Mean daily setup displacements (in mm) were 1.2 ± 0.6, 1.8 ± 0.8, 3.4 ± 1.4 in the medial-lateral (ML), superior-inferior (SI), and anterior-posterior (AP) directions, respectively. Mean weight loss was 4.6 ± 3.3 kg (6.8 ± 4.9%). Patients with weight loss > 5% had significantly larger setup displacements in the AP (3.6 ± 1.5 vs. 2.9 ± 1.1 mm, p < 0.001) and SI (1.6 ± 0.7 vs. 1.9 ± 0.9 mm, p = 0.01) direction, but not in the ML direction (p = 0.279). The AP setup error increased 0.06 mm (y = 0.055x + 2.927, x: percentage of weight loss/PTV, y: AP displacement) per one percent increase in weight loss normalized to PTV. Conclusions Patients with weight loss > 5% and smaller PTVs, possibly because of small body frame or neck girth, were more likely to have increased setup errors in the AP direction.

Pre-treatment DQA using ArcCheck for craniospinal irradiation with helical tomotherapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
G. Iacoviello ◽  
B.F. Abbate ◽  
V. Caputo ◽  
F. D'Alia ◽  
K.K. Gallias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helical Tomotherapy ◽  
Craniospinal Irradiation ◽  
Pre Treatment

A Mutation in Plasma Platelet-activating Factor Acetylhydrolase (Val279Phe) Is a Genetic Risk Factor for Cerebral Hemorrhage but not for Hypertension

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (09) ◽  
pp. 372-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidemi Yoshida ◽  
Tadaatsu Imaizumi ◽  
Koji Fujimoto ◽  
Hiroyuki Itaya ◽  
Makoto Hiramoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Genetic Risk Factor ◽  
Brain Hemorrhage ◽  
Platelet Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase ◽  
Paf Acetylhydrolase ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Difference

SummaryPlatelet-activating factor (PAF) acetylhydrolase is an enzyme that inactivates PAF. Deficiency of this enzyme is caused by a missense mutation in the gene. We previously found a higher prevalence of this mutation in patients with ischemic stroke. This fact suggests that the mutation might enhance the risk for stroke through its association with hypertension. We have addressed this hypothesis by analyzing the prevalence of the mutation in hypertension. We studied 138 patients with essential hypertension, 99 patients with brain hemorrhage, and 270 healthy controls. Genomic DNA was analyzed for the mutant allele by the polymerase-chain reaction. The prevalence of the mutation was 29.3% (27.4% heterozygotes and 1.9% homozygotes) in controls and 36.2% in hypertensives and the difference was not significant. The prevalence in patients with brain hemorrhage was significantly higher than the control: 32.6% heterozygotes and 6.1% homozygotes (p <0.05). PAF acetylhydrolase deficiency may be a genetic risk factor for vascular diseases.

Relationship of Scabies With Pioderma: As a Risk Factor

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Yulia Farida Yahya ◽  
Fifa Argentina ◽  
Rusmawardiana Rusmawardiana
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government ◽  
Scabies Infestation

Scabies is a parasitic infestation of the skin, that is affecting on the low income and crowded community in many tropical countries, especially developing countries such as Indonesia. Scabies infestation increases the incidence of secondary pyoderma include impetigo, folliculitis, cellulitis, ecthyma, abscess. Secondary pyoderma is a skin infection disease mainly caused by     group A Streptococcus (GAS) and Staphylococcus aureus (SA). Pyoderma is a risk factor for the glomerulonephritis infection, rheumatic diseases, which significantly increases morbidity and mortality, causing the government burden. The aim of this study is  determining the etiology and correlation of pyoderma infection in scabies patient. To determine sosio-demographic included sex, age in pediatric patients in primary schools (SD) in the district of Kertapati Palembang. The study design was cross sectional, and study samples were new scabies patients in the elementary school (age 6-14-year-old) with or without pyoderma. Clinical findings included history, physical examination and diagnostic procedure, which was investigation of skin scraping specimen material (SSB = skin surface biopsy) in confirmation with dermoscopic polar examination (DS) to show Sarcoptes scabiei mites. Microbiological examination with Gram stain identified the etiology of pyoderma.  Results of this study shows that there was a significance relationship between scabies infestation and pyoderma in children in elementary school. Staphylococcus aureus dan GAS are the most common caused of pyoderma in pediatric patients with scabies. Conclusion is there is a significant correlation between scabies and pyoderma. There is  a need to provide scabies and pyoderma medication at primary care health center as well as counseling for prevention in Palembang area with crowded population periodically.  

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