A Note on the Boundedness of Doob Maximal Operators on a Filtered Measure Space

Let M be the Doob maximal operator on a filtered measure space and let v be an Ap weight with 1<p<+∞. We try proving that ∥Mf∥Lp(v)≤p′[v]Ap1p−1∥f∥Lp(v), where 1/p+1/p′=1. Although we do not find an approach which gives the constant p′, we obtain that ∥Mf∥Lp(v)≤p1p−1p′[v]Ap1p−1∥f∥Lp(v), with limp→+∞p1p−1=1.

A novel consumer preference mining method based on improved weclat algorithm

Purpose Conventional frequent itemsets mining ignores the fact that the relative benefits or significance of “transactions” belonging to different customers are different in most of the relevant applied studies, which leads to failure to obtain some association rules with lower support but from higher-value consumers. Because not all customers are financially attractive to firms, it is necessary that their values be determined and that transactions be weighted. The purpose of this study is to propose a novel consumer preference mining method based on conventional frequent itemsets mining, which can discover more rules from the high-value consumers. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the authors extend the conventional association rule problem by associating the “annual purchase amount” – “price preference” (AP) weight with a consumer to reflect the consumer’s contribution to a market. Furthermore, a novel consumer preference mining method, the AP-weclat algorithm, is proposed by introducing the AP weight into the weclat algorithm for discovering frequent itemsets with higher values. Findings The experimental results from the survey data revealed that compared with the weclat algorithm, the AP-weclat algorithm can make some association rules with low support but a large contribution to a market pass the screening by assigning different weights to consumers in the process of frequent itemsets generation. In addition, some valuable preference combinations can be provided for related practitioners to refer to. Originality/value This study is the first to introduce the AP-weclat algorithm for discovering frequent itemsets from transactions through considering AP weight. Moreover, the AP-weclat algorithm can be considered for application in other markets.

Practical aspects of the application of helical tomotherapy for craniospinal irradiation

We investigated the practical aspects of the application of craniospinal irradiation using helical tomotherapy (HT-CSI) by evaluating interfractional setup errors and intrafractional movement during each treatment in 83 patients undergoing HT-CSI between January 2014 and December 2018. Interfractional setup errors in each axis (mediolateral; ML, craniocaudal; CC, and anteroposterior; AP) were assessed as differences between pre-treatment megavoltage computed tomography (MVCT) images scanned (zygomatic arch to the C4 spine) and planning CT images. Intrafractional movements were evaluated as the difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment MVCT (T12–L4 spine) images at each fraction. Median interfractional setup error was acceptable in every axis (ML: 1.6 mm, CC: 1.9 mm, AP: 3.1 mm). Seven patients (8.4%) experienced significant intrafractional displacement from 1 to 10 fractions (0.34% for ML, 0.74% for CC, 1.21% for AP). Weight loss grade 1+ during treatment (p = 0.016) was an independent risk factor for significant intrafractional displacement. The risk factor for significant intrafractional movement in pediatric patients was weight loss grade 1+ (p = 0.020), while there was no factor in adults. HT-CSI could be a feasible treatment modality with acceptable setup verification. Inter- and intrafractional errors were acceptable; paying attention to weight loss during treatment is necessary, especially in pediatric patients.

Rancang Bangun Alat Bantu Pemeriksaan Knee Joint pada Kasus Osteoarthritis

Background : The Knee joint is a hinge joint with a change formed by the two condyls of the femur that are jointed with the superior surface of the tibial tube. Radiographic examination of the knee joint on AP weight bearing and lateral weight bearing projections is a good projection in revealing joint gaps in the knee joint. The constraints on this examination are when patients who have little difficulty standing on one leg when doing lateral projection of weight bearing. So that a knee joint examination tool is needed in the case of osteoarthrithis.Methods : The purpose of this study was to describe the design, study the function tests and performance tests of knee joint hearing aids in the case of osteoarthrithis.This research is a type of experimental research with the design of a one shoot case study. Data collection is obtained by a check list of results of functional tests and performance test tools. The data obtained was assessed by Guttman's scale and conclusions and suggestions were drawn.This study produced a design in the form of a knee joint examination tool. The tool is made of stainless steel pipes, on a pedestal made of wooden boards, foam and cloth. Based on the calculation of the check list using the Guttman scale.Result: The function test results were 100% and the performance test results were 96%. Until the knee joint examination tool in the case of osteoarthrithis is said to be feasible to use.Conclusion : This knee joint examination aid has a number of parts, a pedestal made of wood sheets, adjustable footrests, and a patient's padded arms. The auxiliary framework uses a 3 cm diameter stainless steel pipe with a thickness of 1 mm. Based on the functional tests in the Radiology Installation of Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto obtained results 100% for knee joint examination in osteoarthritis cases with AP weight bearing projections and lateral weight bearing. Based on performance tests which involved 5 respondents who were radiographers were said to be very appropriate with a percentage of 96% with an excess of ease in operation, reducing the movement of patients, and helping the radiographers to produce informative radiographs.

Practical Aspects of the Application of Helical Tomotherapy for Craniospinal Irradiation

We investigated the practical aspects of the application of craniospinal irradiation using helical tomotherapy (HT-CSI) by evaluating interfractional setup errors and intrafractional movement during each treatment in 83 patients undergoing HT-CSI between January 2014 and December 2018. Interfractional setup errors in each axis (mediolateral; ML, craniocaudal; CC, and anteroposterior; AP) were assessed as differences between pre-treatment megavoltage computed tomography (MVCT) images scanned (zygomatic arch to the C4 spine) and planning CT images. Intrafractional movements were evaluated as the difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment MVCT (T12–L4 spine) images at each fraction. Median interfractional setup error was acceptable in every axis (ML: 1.6 mm, CC: 1.9 mm, AP: 3.1 mm). Seven patients (8.4%) experienced significant intrafractional displacement from 1 to 10 fractions (0.35% for ML, 0.77% for CC, 1.26% for AP). Weight loss grade 1+ during treatment (p=0.016) was an independent risk factor for significant intrafractional displacement. The risk factor for significant intrafractional movement in pediatric patients was weight loss grade 1+ (p=0.020), while there was no factor in adults. HT-CSI could be a feasible treatment modality with acceptable setup verification. Inter- and intrafractional errors were acceptable; paying attention to weight loss during treatment is necessary, especially in pediatric patients.

Perbedaan Derajat Osteoartritis Sendi Lutut pada Hasil Radiografi Posisi AP Supine dan AP Erect di Instalasi Radiologi Rumah Sakit Akademis Jaury Jusuf Putera Makassar

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that is associated with damage to joint cartilage. One way to diagnose mild pain or the onset of OA early is to do a rontgen examination. The aim of the study was to determine the differences in the degree of osteoarthritis of the knee joint AP position erect with the AP supine position. This research was conducted in the hospital. Academic Jaury Jusuf Putera Makassar April - June 2019. This type of research is descriptive analytical, data collection techniques using questionnaires, sampling techniques carried out by accidental sampling analysis. Data analysis using statistics Presentation of data is presented in the form of graph tables accompanied by narration. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the Erect Position has an assessment score with an average of 7.20 while the Supine position with an average of 8.00. From the results of the statistical test obtained p value (0.455)> 0.05 means that there is no statistically significant difference in scores between Erect and Supine positions. It is expected that the radiology officer chooses the right projection that is in accordance with the patient's general condition. If it is possible for the patient to be examined with the projection of AP Weight-Bearing Standing, the officer uses the projection, otherwise the officer can use the AP Supine or AP Erect position because the two positions have no significant differences based on the results of the existing research.

Radiographic Analysis Between Two Commonly Used Measurements for Hallux Valgus Interphalangeus

Category: Bunion Introduction/Purpose: There is an increasing recognition of the contribution of hallux valgus interphalangeus (HVI) to the total deformity seen in hallux vallux valgus. The most commonly assessed radiological parameter is the hallux interphalangeus angle (HIA). Our aim in this study was to assess the reliability of the difference in medial and lateral proximal phalanx wall length (delta PP) in the assessment of hallux valgus interphalangeus in both the pre-operative and post-operative radiographs compared with the HIA. Methods: All patients undergoing scarf osteotomy for hallux valgus correction at our institution over a nine-month period were included. 40 feet in 36 patients were evaluated. Standard AP weight bearing radiographs preoperative and at 6 weeks post-surgery were evaluated by 2 independent observers. The standard PACS angular measurement tools were used for all measurements. The HIA and delta PP were measured along with hallux valgus angle (HVA) and intermetatarsal angle (IMA). Delta PP was calculated as the medial side length of the medial proximal phalanx minus the lateral side length of the proximal phalanx. SPSS 21 was used for statistical evaluation. Two-way random single measure intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to assess the interobserver agreement. Results: 33 female and 3 male patients were assessed. The mean age was 58 years (range 26-80 years). 18 patients underwent an Akin osteotomy. Pre-operative mean HVA 33 degrees, IMA 15 degrees, HIA 4 degrees and delta PP 1.64 mm. Post-operative mean HVA 17 degrees, IMA 9 degrees, HIA 7 degrees and delta PP 1.03 mm. In the sub group that underwent an Akin osteotomy the HIA increased from 5.2 degrees to 8.8 degrees in contrast to the delta PP that reduced from 2.04 to 0.26 mm. Pre-operatively the inter observer agreement using ICC was HVA 0.74, IMA 0.82, HIA 0.65 and Delta PP 0.70. Postoperatively the interobserver agreement was HVA 0.71, IMA 0.55, HIA 0.57 and Delta PP 0.64. Conclusion: The delta PP was more reliable than the HIA, with an improved interclass agreement on both pre and post- operative radiographs. The mean post-operative HIA increased, this was also present in the group where an akin osteotomy had been performed. In contrast the delta PP reduced. We feel pronation of the toe may alter the radiographic measures for HVI assessment and affect the validity of the HIA measurements, however the delta PP reliability was less affected. Pre-operative radiographs had greater interobserver agreement across all measures than postoperative radiographs, which may reflect difficulties in determining the bony landmarks for measurement following surgery.

PROMS and Radiological Outcomes in Mobile Bearing Total Ankle Arthroplasty for Patients with Varus or Valgus Deformity

Category: Ankle Arthritis Introduction/Purpose: There is increasing evidence that outcomes for total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) are not adversely affected by pre-operative varus deformity. There is a sparsity of evidence relating to outcomes in valgus ankle arthritis. We present our outcomes using a mobile bearing prosthesis (Mobility TAA system, DePuy, Raynham, Massachusetts, USA) with a comparison of neutral, varus and valgus ankles. Methods: This is a single surgeon, retrospective cohort study of consecutive cases. Cases were identified from a locally held joint registry which routinely records PROMS data pre-operatively and at annual intervals. Patients undergoing primary TAA between March 2006 and June 2014 were included. Rrevision procedures along with those with inadequate radiographic images for deformity analysis were excluded. Patients with inadequate PROMS data were included in the radiological analysis but not the PROMS analysis. Data collected included FAOS (Womac Pain, Function and Stiffness), SF-36 scores and patient satisfaction. Radiological data was gathered from routinely taken AP weight bearing radiographs pre-operatively, immediately post-operatively and at final follow up. Pre-operative deformity was measured between the tibial anatomical axis and a line perpendicular to the talus. Patients were classified as neutral, varus (≥10 degrees varus) or valgus (≥10 degrees valgus). Results: 230 cases (see image) underwent radiological classification (152 neutral, 60 varus, 18 valgus) and were included in the radiological analysis (mean follow-up 55.9 months). 164 cases were included in the PROMS analysis (mean follow-up 61.6 months). The groups were similar with regards to BMI and length of follow-up but neutral ankles were younger (P<0.001). Baseline scores were equal except physical health with valgus ankles scoring lowest (P=0.045). Valgus ankles had statistically better post-operative pain (P=0.0247) and function (P=0.012) than neutral ankles. Pre to post-operative change did not reach statistical significance except physical health where valgus outperformed neutral and varus (p=0.039). Mean post-operative angle was 3.1 and final angle 3.7 with no significant differences. There was no significant differences in revision rates. Conclusion: Our study confirms previous evidence that varus deformity does not affect outcome in TAA. Contrary to this, valgus ankles in our cohort performed better post-operatively than neutral ankles. Post-operative coronal radiological alignment was not affected by pre-operative deformity and was maintained over a number of years. Coronal plane deformity does not negatively impact either radiological or clinical outcomes in TAA should not be considered an absolute contra-indication.

Properties Related to Weight Function

<p>In this paper, we begin with brief discussion of theory of weights and Ap weight functions. We then state and prove some of the properties of AP weight function using elementary analysis tools. </p><p><strong>Journal of Advanced College of Engineering and Management</strong>, Vol. 3, 2017, Page: 111-114</p>

Some Properties of Ap Weight Function

In this paper, we briefly discuss the theory of weights and then define A1 and Ap weight functions. Finally we prove some of the properties of Ap weight function. Journal of the Institute of Engineering, 2016, 12(1): 210-213