New cassava germplasm for food and nutritional security in Central Africa

AbstractCassava is a key food security crop in Central Africa, but its production depends largely on the use of local farmers’ varieties characterized by inherently low yield which is compounded by generally high susceptibility to various growth and yield-limiting pests and diseases. Improved cassava genotypes have demonstrated the potential to substantially improve cassava’s contribution to food security and the development of the cassava industry and the improvement of nutrition status elsewhere in Western Africa. Eleven improved cassava genotypes were compared with a local landrace (LMR) used as a check under field conditions over two years in eight locations, grouped in four agro-ecologies in Cameroon. Pest and disease abundance/incidence and damage severity were evaluated. At harvest, root yield and carotenoid content were measured. Best linear unbiased predictors showed the lowest breeding value for LMR with the cassava mosaic virus disease (+ 66.40 ± 2.42) compared with 1.00 ± 0.02% for the most susceptible improved genotype. Two genotypes (I010040-27 and I011797) stood out for having higher predicted fresh root yield means which were at least 16 times greater compared with LMR. Predicted total carotenoid content was the highest (+ 5.04 ± 0.17) for improved genotype I070593 compared with LMR which showed the lowest (− 3.90 ± 0.06%) and could contribute to the alleviation of vitamin A deficiency from cassava-based food systems. Diffusion of high-yielding and nutritious genotypes could alleviate food and nutritional security in Central Africa.

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Bridging Sustainability and Food Security Ideas Towards Building Sustainable Food Systems

International Journal of Global Sustainability ◽

10.5296/ijgs.v4i1.16342 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

Majing Oloko

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Food Systems ◽

Well Being ◽

Security Assessment ◽

Assessment Framework ◽

Sustainable Food Systems ◽

Sustainable Food ◽

Nutritional Security ◽

Food And Nutritional Security ◽

Health And Well Being

Having stable access to nutritious and culturally preferred food to maintain health and well-being is still a challenge for many people across the globe. Food insecurity and environmental degradation is rising across the world with interrelated drivers. There has been increasing advocacy for the creation of sustainable food systems to support food and nutritional security without degrading the environment. Bridging sustainability and food security ideas is a step towards building such food systems. However, how to apply ideas of sustainability and food security into building sustainable food systems remains a challenge, given the connection between the two concepts is not well appreciated. I introduce a sustainability and food security assessment framework as a first step for bridging sustainability and food security concepts, towards building sustainable food systems.

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Análisis de indicadores de disponibilidad y accesibilidad alimentaria en el municipio de Xalapa

UVserva ◽

10.25009/uvserva.v0i7.2601 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Luis Felipe Godínez García ◽

Lol Ki Itzel López Galindo ◽

María Magdalena Álvarez Ramírez

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Food Production ◽

Food Access ◽

The Other ◽

Social Programs ◽

Nutritional Security ◽

Active Population ◽

Para Determinar ◽

Food And Nutritional Security ◽

Access To Food

Para determinar la situación de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional del municipio de Xalapa, Veracruz, se analizaron los pilares de la disponibilidad y accesibilidad a los alimentos; los indicadores incluidos fueron: producción de alimentos básicos, programas sociales, pobreza y carencias, desempleo, población económicamente activa e ingreso. De los 22 indicadores analizados, 13 presentan datos que indican una tendencia hacia la inseguridad alimentaria, mientras que 7 muestran valores de seguridad alimentaria. La producción de alimentos mostró una disminución, mientras que en los programas sociales se muestran como fortaleza, los indicadores de pobreza y desempleo muestran tendencia al aumento, al igual que la carencia por acceso a la alimentación. Al considerar que con uno de los cuatro pilares no se encuentre al 100% se considera un estado de inseguridad, es necesario examinar los indicadores de la SAN como un referente para establecer un diagnóstico por municipio.Palabras clave: seguridad alimentaria; municipio; indicador; pobreza; desnutrición AbstractThe Food and Nutritional Security: Food availability and Food access were analyzed to determine the situation of the municipality of Xalapa, Veracruz. The indicators worked were basic food production, social programs, poverty and shortages, unemployment, economically active population, income. The food production shows a decrease, while in social programs a strength is shown, poverty and unemployment indicators show a tendency to increase, as well as the lack of access to food. In total of the 22 indicators analyzed, 13 present data indicating a trend towards food insecurity, while 7 show food safety values. It is necessary to analyze the indicators of the other pillars of the SAN to establish a better diagnosis of the municipality.Keywords: Food Security; Municipality; Indicator; Poverty; Malnutrition

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O MERCADO MUNICIPAL DE ARAGUAÍNA/TO COMO PROPULSOR DE ALIMENTOS DO CERRADO

Revista Cerrados ◽

10.22238/rc24482692202018014465 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (01) ◽

pp. 44-65

Author(s):

Osmar Oliveira de Moura ◽

Ana Caroline Pereira dos Santos ◽

Silvania Reis de Araújo ◽

Maurício Ferreira Mendes

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Social Inclusion ◽

Public Place ◽

Public Authorities ◽

Nutritional Security ◽

The Public ◽

Cerrado Biome ◽

Palabras Clave ◽

Food And Nutritional Security

Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender a importância do Mercado Municipal de Araguaína/TO como propulsor de alimentos do cerrado, gerando segurança alimentar e nutricional aos feirantes e aos consumidores, visto que acontece primeiramente o autoconsumo e posteriormente a comercialização, garantindo renda e sustento às famílias. O delineamento utilizado foi o estudo de caso. Foram aplicados questionários semiestruturados junto aos feirantes do Mercado Municipal, no período de setembro à novembro de 2019, além de levantamento de material bibliográfico e registro fotográfico. Os resultados mostram que houveram diversos conflitos entre feirantes e comerciantes para posterior implementação pelo poder público do Mercado Municipal de Araguaína, o que aconteceu em 1978, garantindo assim, inclusão social e renda, fortalecimento da cadeia produtiva dos frutos do cerrado, além da promoção da segurança alimentar entre feirantes e consumidores locais. Porém, esses alimentos estão ameaçados com o avanço da soja e pecuária sobre o bioma cerrado, comprometendo a diversidade de produtos ofertados pelos feirantes do Mercado Municipal em Araguaína. Palavras-chave: Espaço público. Mercado municipal. Araguaína. THE MUNICIPAL MARKET OF ARAGUAÍNA/TO AS A FOOD DRIVER IN THE CERRADO ABSTRACT This study aimed to understand the importance of the Municipal Market of Araguaína/TO as a propellant of food in the cerrado, generating food and nutritional security for marketers and consumers, since self-consumption and then commercialization take place, guaranteeing income and sustenance for the families. The design used was the case study. Semi-structured questionnaires were applied to market vendors in the Municipal Market, from September to November 2019, in addition to a survey of bibliographic material and photographic record. The results show that there were several conflicts between marketers and traders for subsequent implementation by the public authorities of the Araguaína Municipal Market, which happened in 1978, thus guaranteeing social inclusion and income, strengthening the productive chain of cerrado fruits, in addition to promoting food security between marketers and local consumers. However, these foods are threatened by the advance of soy and livestock over the cerrado biome, compromising the diversity of products offered by market vendors in the Municipal Market in Araguaína. Keywords: Public place. Municipal market. Araguaína. EL MERCADO MUNICIPAL DE ARAGUAÍNA/TO COMO CONDUCTOR DE ALIMENTOS EN EL CERRADO RESUMEN Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender la importancia del Mercado Municipal de Araguaína/TO como propulsor de alimentos en el cerrado, generando seguridad alimentaria y nutricional para comercializadores y consumidores, ya que se produce el autoconsumo y luego la comercialización, garantizando ingresos y sustento para las familias de la familia. El diseño utilizado fue el estudio de caso. Se aplicaron cuestionarios semiestructurados a vendedores de mercado en el Mercado Municipal, de septiembre a noviembre de 2019, además de una encuesta de material bibliográfico y registro fotográfico. Los resultados muestran que hubo varios conflictos entre comercializadores y comerciantes para la posterior implementación por parte de las autoridades públicas del Mercado Municipal de Araguaína, que ocurrió en 1978, garantizando así la inclusión social y los ingresos, fortaleciendo la cadena productiva de frutos cerrados, además de promover seguridad alimentaria entre comercializadores y consumidores locales. Sin embargo, estos alimentos están amenazados por el avance de la soya y el ganado sobre el bioma cerrado, lo que compromete la diversidad de productos ofrecidos por los vendedores en el Mercado Municipal de Araguaína. Palabras-clave: Espacio público. Mercado municipal. Araguaína.

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The Challenge of Food and Nutritional Security

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198816959.013.13 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 230-248

Author(s):

Sarah McKune

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Food Security ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Global Climate ◽

Childhood Development ◽

Nutritional Security ◽

Poor Nutritional Status ◽

Food And Nutritional Security

In a region characterized by chronic food insecurity and extremely high rates of malnutrition, the projected impact of global climate change on nutritional outcomes is likely to have synergistic effects, compounding the already poor nutritional status of the Sahelian population. Various studies of nutrition among children under five underscore the significant role that animal-source foods play in long-term childhood development and growth. Given the intimate relationship between livestock and people throughout the Sahel, these findings hold important implications for nutritional security in the region. This chapter examines the food security and consumption patterns of the Sahel, mechanisms by which climate change may exacerbate the current situation, and the role of livestock in the future nutrition and food security of the Sahel.

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FOOD ENVIRONMENT: CONCEPTUALIZATION AND IMPORTANCE IN PERSPECTIVE OF URBAN INDIA

Journal of Global Resources ◽

10.46587/jgr.2022.v08i01.008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shams Perwaiz2 ◽

Shams Perwaiz2

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Food Environment ◽

Research Study ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Nutritional Security ◽

Governmental Agencies ◽

Research Article ◽

Urban India ◽

Food And Nutritional Security ◽

Access To Food

Food environment of an individual is characterized by the ‘availability of food’ and ‘affordability of food’. The latter determines the type of food available that is nutritious or nonnutritious nature of food while former determines the access to food in terms of purchasing power of people. These two components of food environment collectively play a major role in determining the food and nutritional security of any region. Country like India is characterized by the disparity in incomelevels, demography and development. Likewise, India is characterized by regions with varying degree of ‘food security’ and ‘nutritional security’. The present research article discusses the concept of ‘food environment’ in perspective of urban India. Further, the present research study investigates that how the above-mentioned concepts helpful in identifying the regions with food security and nutritional security or both. The study is based on secondary data collected from various governmental and non-governmental agencies.

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Influence of coupled application of potassium and boron on growth and yield of late sown mungbean

World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews ◽

10.30574/wjarr.2021.11.1.0343 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 256-264

Author(s):

Mohshina Mustare Liza ◽

Alak Barman ◽

Swarna Shome ◽

Md. Eliyachur Rahman ◽

Polly

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Cropping System ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Recommended Dose ◽

Cropping Intensity ◽

Nutritional Security ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Intensive Cropping ◽

Food And Nutritional Security

To ensure both food and nutritional security of teeming millions of Bangladesh, cropping intensity must be increased along with nutritional food production. Mungbean, which is an important source of protein, can easily cope with the intensive cropping system due to short duration. But sometimes, to obtain maximum productivity per unit area in a calendar year, mungbean cannot be sown in optimum time. Considering this, a field study was carried out at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University to explore the effect of additional potassium and boron application to increase the yield of late sown mungbean which was sown on 25 October. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications and five treatments. Results revealed that additional potassium and boron along with recommended fertilizer dose had significant influence on growth, yield and yield contributing characters of late sown mungbean. The growth and yield of late sown mungbean is hampered due to temperature stress which cannot be overcome by recommended dose only but can be by addition of extra potassium and boron with recommended dose. The highest seed yield (1.12 t ha-1) was obtained from recommended dose along with 10 Kg K and 2 Kg B ha-1 which was 40% higher than recommended dose only. Similar results were recorded for other parameters also. So, supplementation of recommended dose with 10 Kg K and 2 Kg B may be suggested to increase growth and yield of late sown mungbean.

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Food and Nutrition-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices among Reproductive-age Women in Marginalized Areas in Sri Lanka

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17113985 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (11) ◽

pp. 3985 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Permani C. Weerasekara ◽

Chandana R. Withanachchi ◽

G. A. S. Ginigaddara ◽

Angelika Ploeger

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Sri Lanka ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Household Food Security ◽

Nutritional Knowledge ◽

Nutritional Security ◽

Reproductive Age Women ◽

Household Food ◽

Food And Nutrition ◽

Food And Nutritional Security

Nutrient deficiencies are a public health problem in Sri Lanka. Achieving food security is a major challenge due to unhealthy eating patterns. The nutritional status of a woman and her knowledge is a powerful indicator of the nutritional security of her children and household food security. Nutrition-related knowledge and attitude are necessary for dietary changes towards a healthier dietary pattern. For that reason, food and nutrition-related Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) is one of the key factors to achieving household food and nutritional security. The main objective of this study is to assess the food and nutrition-related KAP among reproductive-age women and understanding of household food and nutritional security in Sri Lanka as an example for marginalized societies. Thus, a cross-sectional survey was conducted using the KAP model questionnaire administered on 400 reproductive age women (18–49 Years) in marginalized areas in Sri Lanka. Data were collected using a random sampling method. The research results clearly showed that the reproductive age women have a low level of nutritional knowledge in the areas being investigated. Most women have a positive attitude towards receiving nutritional knowledge but have low-level practice about a healthy diet. Furthermore, knowledge, practices, and attitudes of women largely affect their BMI status, as well as household food security. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the influential factors. There was a highly significant positive correlation between nutritional knowledge, attitude score, and BMI level and a significant difference was found in the area, age, family size, monthly income, educational level, attitudes towards nutrition, food and nutrition practices across the reproductive women (R2: 467, p < 0.01). The research results showed that KAP largely determines women’s nutrition and household food security. Based on the results of this research, there is a need to enhance nutritional education in reproductive-age women in marginalized areas in Sri Lanka.

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Breeding Biofortified Pearl Millet Varieties and Hybrids to Enhance Millet Markets for Human Nutrition

10.20944/preprints201903.0092.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Mahalingam Govindaraj ◽

Kedarnath Rai ◽

Binu Cherian ◽

Wolfgang Pfeiffer ◽

Anand Kanatti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pearl Millet ◽

Distribution System ◽

Central Africa ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Poultry Feed ◽

Food Crops ◽

Nutritional Security ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Iron And Zinc ◽

Food And Nutritional Security

Pearl millet is an important food crop in the arid and semi-arid tropical regions of Africa and Asia. These regions are home to millions of poor smallholder’s households living in harsh agro ecology and reported higher prevalence of malnutrition. Such poor households have few options in terms of food crops, besides the limited markets. Indeed, pearl millet is one of the food crops they continue to grow for their food and nutritional security. Pearl millet is important sources of dietary carbohydrates, energy, protein, and important minerals such as calcium, iron and zinc. Considering inherent high nutritional values and climate resilient nature (drought and heat), demand for pearl millet as food, beside valued for its Stover as a source of livestock fodder, is projected to grow strongly in Asia (India) and Africa (West and Central Africa). Iron (cause anemia) and zinc (cause stunting) deficiencies are widespread and serious public health problems worldwide, including India and Africa. Biofortification is a cost-effective and sustainable agricultural strategy to address this problem. Research on pearl millet has shown that large genetic variability (30-140 mg/kg Fe and 20-90 mg/kg Zn) available in this crop can be effectively utilized to develop high-yielding cultivars with high iron and zinc densities. Both Open –pollinated varieties (Dhanshakti and Chakti) and hybrids (ICMH 1202, ICMH 1203 and ICMH 1301) of pearl millet with high grain yield (>3.5 tons/ha in hybrids) and high levels of iron (70-75 mg/kg) and zinc (35-40 mg/kg) densities have been developed and released. Currently, India growing >70,000 ha of biofortified pearl millet, besides more pipeline hybrids and varieties are under various stage of testing at the national (India) and international (west Africa) trials for possible release. Genomic tools will be an integral part of breeding program particularly for nutritional traits to use diagnostic markers and genomic selection. Clinical studies showed that 200g grains from biofortified cultivar would provide bioavailable Fe to meet full recommended daily allowance (RDA) in children, adult men and 80% of the RDA in women. Till today, no markets to promote biofortified cultivars/grains/products as no incentive price and such products aims to address food and nutritional security challenges simultaneously. The demand is likely to increase only after investment and integration into modern public distribution system, nutritional intervention schemes, private seed and food companies with strong mainstreaming nutritional policies. In the non-traditional regions, this will contribute to livestock and poultry feed industry as spill-over benefits to improve nutrition.

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Exploring the Link between Food Security and Food Price Dynamics: A Bibliometric Analysis

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11030263 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 263

Author(s):

Marwa Ben Abdallah ◽

Maria Fekete-Farkas ◽

Zoltan Lakner

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Research Work ◽

Security Analysis ◽

Price Volatility ◽

Price Transmission ◽

Nutrition Status ◽

Scientific Publications ◽

Price Movement ◽

Nutritional Security ◽

The Relationship

An evaluation of research studies is considered an important task to make future adjustments for securing and adjusting policies. This article presents the results of a study that explored the research that has been published with food security, price volatility, and price transmission as keywords. The study involved a bibliometric evaluation of statistical outcomes from 899 scientific publications from 1979 to June 2020 related to the subject, registered in the Web of Science database. The collected articles were used to measure bibliometric indicators and evaluate the research work on food security and agricultural products’ price movement. An analysis of the development and the identification of the related topics of greatest interest on this subject was also carried out. The analysis results found that a rising number of studies have been registered over the years, emphasizing the following keywords: food security, climate change, agriculture, health, nutrition, consumption, and income. The analysis proves that the shift in scientific research trends associated with food security analysis is linked with health and food nutrition status. Furthermore, the word "impact" was significantly present in the analyzed papers, which reveals that econometric analysis should address the relationship between price movement and nutrient intake to achieve nutritional security.

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Edible insects: Alternative protein for sustainable food and nutritional security

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/883/1/012029 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 883 (1) ◽

pp. 012029

Author(s):

H C D Tuhumury

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Production Efficiency ◽

Edible Insects ◽

Food Groups ◽

Protein Food ◽

Sustainable Food ◽

Nutritional Security ◽

Alternative Protein ◽

Nutritional Needs ◽

Food And Nutritional Security

Abstract Any food systems applied has to ensure that the food is secure for the people. Nutritional needs are considered integral to the food security concept and sustainability is also important. One of the nutritional needs in food is protein. Proteins mostly obtained from animal-based sources such as meat and fish, plant-based proteins, particularly legumes. However, the production of meat, more importantly ruminant meat is more and more argued for some issues including environment, food safety, and animal welfare. In order to ensure sustainable protein production, the dietary change would be to use alternative protein sources such as insects. In general, insects have high protein content and excellent production efficiency compared with other conventional protein food groups. It is necessarily important to develop the use of insects in various forms, including pastes or powders, concentrates or isolates which can be used further as ingredients or fortified agents in new food product formulations. This paper therefore explores the feature of edible insects as sustainable and viable food source that can contribute to food security including, types of edible insects as food and their nutritional compositions; and processing of edible insects. In conclusion, insects can contribute to sustainable food and nutritional security and be a part of the solution to protein shortages. Insect protein concentrates could potentially be an alternative protein source in food formulation.

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