scholarly journals Interactions of platelets with circulating tumor cells contribute to cancer metastasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Anvari ◽  
Ernest Osei ◽  
Nima Maftoon
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Activated Platelets ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Metastatic Spreading

AbstractRecent studies have suggested that platelets have a crucial role in enhancing the survival of circulating tumor cells in the bloodstream and aggravating cancer metastasis. The main function of platelets is to bind to the sites of the damaged vessels to stop bleeding. However, in cancer patients, activated platelets adhere to circulating tumor cells and exacerbate metastatic spreading. Several hypotheses have been proposed about the platelet–cancer cell interactions, but the underlying mechanisms of these interactions are not completely understood yet. In this work, we quantitatively investigated the interactions between circulating tumor cells, red blood cells, platelets, plasma flow and microvessel walls via computational modelling at the cellular scale. Our highly detailed computational model allowed us to understand and quantitatively explain the role of platelets in deformation, adhesion and survival of tumor cells in their active arrest to the endothelium.

scholarly journals Physical Biology in Cancer. 3. The role of cell glycocalyx in vascular transport of circulating tumor cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (2) ◽  
pp. C89-C97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Mitchell ◽  
Michael R. King
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Luminal Surface ◽  
Receptor Ligand ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Vascular Transport ◽  
Ligand Interactions

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood are known to adhere to the luminal surface of the microvasculature via receptor-mediated adhesion, which contributes to the spread of cancer metastasis to anatomically distant organs. Such interactions between ligands on CTCs and endothelial cell-bound surface receptors are sensitive to receptor-ligand distances at the nanoscale. The sugar-rich coating expressed on the surface of CTCs and endothelial cells, known as the glycocalyx, serves as a physical structure that can control the spacing and, thus, the availability of such receptor-ligand interactions. The cancer cell glycocalyx can also regulate the ability of therapeutic ligands to bind to CTCs in the bloodstream. Here, we review the role of cell glycocalyx on the adhesion and therapeutic treatment of CTCs in the bloodstream.

scholarly journals FlowCell-enriched circulating tumor cells as a predictor of lung cancer metastasis

Human Cell ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Lu ◽  
Yushuang Zheng ◽  
Yuhong Wang ◽  
Dongmei Gu ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Lung Tumor ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Early Stage Lung Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Number Of Patients

AbstractLung cancer is the most fetal malignancy due to the high rate of metastasis and recurrence after treatment. A considerable number of patients with early-stage lung cancer relapse due to overlooked distant metastasis. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are tumor cells in blood circulation that originated from primary or metastatic sites, and it has been shown that CTCs are critical for metastasis and prognosis in various type of cancers. Here, we employed novel method to capture, isolate and classify CTC with FlowCell system and analyzed the CTCs from a cohort of 302 individuals. Our results illustrated that FlowCell-enriched CTCs effectively differentiated benign and malignant lung tumor and the total CTC counts increased as the tumor developed. More importantly, we showed that CTCs displayed superior sensitivity and specificity to predict lung cancer metastasis in comparison to conventional circulating biomarkers. Taken together, our data suggested CTCs can be used to assist the diagnosis of lung cancer as well as predict lung cancer metastasis. These findings provide an alternative means to screen early-stage metastasis.

Emerging Microfluidic Technologies for the Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells and Fetal Nucleated Red Blood Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1140-1155
Author(s):  
Xiaoyun Wei ◽  
Keke Chen ◽  
Shishang Guo ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Xing-Zhong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Nucleated Red Blood Cells

The prognostic role of circulating tumor cells in lung cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 859-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Normanno ◽  
Antonella De Luca ◽  
Marianna Gallo ◽  
Nicoletta Chicchinelli ◽  
Antonio Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Prognostic Role

scholarly journals Prognostic role of circulating tumor cells in patients with EGFR -mutated or ALK -rearranged non-small cell lung cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 640-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Tong ◽  
Yan Xu ◽  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Minjiang Chen ◽  
Wei Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Prognostic Role ◽  
Egfr Mutated

scholarly journals The Role of Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 1 in Gastrointestinal Cancers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Zou ◽  
Wei Shen ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Shibo Ying
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Arginine Methylation ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tumors ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Arginine Methyltransferase ◽  
Tumorigenic Mechanism ◽  
Methyltransferase 1

Mammals can produce nine kinds of arginine methylation enzymes that can be divided into three types (I, II, and III) according to their catalytic activity. Arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1), as the first discovered arginine methyltransferase type I, has been reported to be involved in cell signal transduction, DNA damage repair, RNA transcription and other processes. Its imbalance or abnormal expression is also involved in cancer metastasis. PRMT1 is highly expressed in gastrointestinal tumors and promotes tumor biomarkers expression, chemotherapy resistance and tumorigenicity to promote cancer progression, while downregulation of PRMT1 expression can inhibit the migration and invasion of related tumor cells or promote tumor cells apoptosis and inhibit the progression of cancer. Therefore, PRMT1 may be a cancer therapeutic target. In this paper, arginine methylase 1 expression in various types of gastrointestinal tumors, the tumorigenic mechanism and the role of PRMT1 in tumorigenesis and development were reviewed.

scholarly journals Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF): fuel for cancer progression

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saurabh Satija ◽  
Harpreet Kaur ◽  
Murtaza M. Tambuwala ◽  
Prabal Sharma ◽  
Manish Vyas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Oxygen Deficiency ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽  
Transcription Factor Activation ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Adaptive Reactions

Hypoxia is an integral part of tumor microenvironment, caused primarily due to rapidly multiplying tumor cells and a lack of proper blood supply. Among the major hypoxic pathways, HIF-1 transcription factor activation is one of the widely investigated pathways in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME). HIF-1 is known to activate several adaptive reactions in response to oxygen deficiency in tumor cells. HIF-1 has two subunits, HIF-1β (constitutive) and HIF-1α (inducible). The HIF-1α expression is largely regulated via various cytokines (through PI3K-ACT-mTOR signals), which involves the cascading of several growth factors and oncogenic cascades. These events lead to the loss of cellular tumor suppressant activity through changes in the level of oxygen via oxygen-dependent and oxygen-independent pathways. The significant and crucial role of HIF in cancer progression and its underlying mechanisms have gained much attention lately among the translational researchers in the fields of cancer and biological sciences, which have enabled them to correlate these mchanisms with various other disease modalities. In the present review, we have summarized the key findings related to the role of HIF in the progression of tumors.

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