scholarly journals Sociodemographic associations of geographic variation in paediatric tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aimy H. L. Tran ◽  
Danny Liew ◽  
Rosemary S. C. Horne ◽  
Joanne Rimmer ◽  
Gillian M. Nixon
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
English Language ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
English Language Proficiency ◽  
The State ◽  
The Public ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Administrative Datasets

AbstractGeographic variation of paediatric tonsillectomy, with or without adenoidectomy, (A/T) has been described since the 1930s until today but no studies have investigated the factors associated with this variation. This study described the geographical distribution of paediatric A/T across the state of Victoria, Australia, and investigated area-level factors associated with this variation. We used linked administrative datasets capturing all paediatric A/T performed between 2010 and 2015 in Victoria. Surgery data were collapsed by patient residence to the level of Local Government Area. Regression models were used to investigate the association between likelihood of surgery and area-level factors. We found a 10.2-fold difference in A/T rates across the state, with areas of higher rates more in regional than metropolitan areas. Area-level factors associated with geographic variation of A/T were percentage of children aged 5–9 years (IRR 1.07, 95%CI 1.01–1.14, P = 0.03) and low English language proficiency (IRR 0.95, 95% CI 0.90–0.99, P = 0.03). In a sub-population analysis of surgeries in the public sector, these factors were low maternal educational attainment (IRR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02–1.16, P < 0.001) and surgical waiting time (IRR 0.99635 95% CI 0.99273–0.99997, P = 0.048). Identifying areas of focus for improvement and factors associated with geographic variation will assist in improving equitable provision of paediatric A/T and decrease variability within regions.

scholarly journals Informal Order, Needs Analysis, and the EAP Curriculum

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faisal Al-Maamari
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
English Language ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Academic Literacy ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
English Language Proficiency ◽  
Needs Analysis ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Qualitative Research Study ◽  
The Public

The academic curriculum is developed through a systematic process whereby content is created through the alignment of needs to stakeholder or target group. This qualitative research study features a small-scale, English for academic purpose (EAP) needs analysis (NA) of three credit-bearing EAP programs and the corresponding departmental programs conducted at a Language Center at a higher education institution in Oman. Based on interview, observational and documentary data, the analysis showed divergences in academic literacy (writing and reading) between the EAP and content programs. Principally, the findings pointed to the presence and operation of a group of informal orders and the emergence of two interrelated stories: public and real. The public story purported to blame the learner’s English language proficiency for unfavorable performance at EAP and Departmental levels, whereas the real story revealed that institutional factors were equally responsible. The paper ends by making a few conclusions about the importance of heeding informal order when carrying out needs analysis.

scholarly journals Factors Associated With Accuracy of Self-Assessment Compared With Tested Non–English Language Proficiency Among Primary Care Providers

Medical Care ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Diamond ◽  
Marcela Toro Bejarano ◽  
Sukyung Chung ◽  
Warren Ferguson ◽  
Javier Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
English Language ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
English Language Proficiency ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals O016 Exploring the drivers of geographic variation for paediatric tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A7-A8
Author(s):  
A Tran ◽  
D Liew ◽  
R Horne ◽  
J Rimmer ◽  
G Nixon
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
English Language ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Surgical Access ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Surgery Rates ◽  
Wide Population

Abstract Introduction Tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy (A/T) is first-line treatment for paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea. Provision of A/T is of critical interest to sleep medicine practitioners. Geographic variation of A/T has been described since the 1930s, but no studies have investigated the reasons behind it. This study aimed to describe the geographical distribution of paediatric A/T and investigate area-level factors associated with this variation. Methods Linked administrative datasets captured a complete state-wide population of paediatric A/T performed between 2010 and 2015. Surgery data were collapsed by patient residence to the level of Local Government Area. Regression models were used to investigate the association between likelihood of surgery and area-level factors. Results There was a 10.2-fold difference in A/T rates across the state, with higher rates more common in regional than metropolitan areas. Area-level factors associated with geographic variation that increased the likelihood of A/T were a higher proportion of children aged 5–9 years (IRR 1.07, 95%CI 1.01–1.14, P=0.03), while a higher proportion with low English-language proficiency (IRR 0.95, 95%CI 0.90–0.99, P=0.03) decreased the likelihood of A/T. In a sub-population of public sector surgeries, low maternal educational attainment increased the likelihood of A/T (IRR 1.09, 95%CI 1.02–1.16, P&lt;0.001) and longer surgical waiting time reduced it (IRR 0.996, 95%CI 0.99273–0.99997, P=0.048). Discussion Significant variation in surgery rates exist by geographical area state-wide, with factors analysed having significant impacts. These findings suggest that improved surgical access and better community understanding of the indications for A/T could decrease geographic variation.

scholarly journals Stratified English-Language Fluency in Jordan: Perpetuating class division and limiting socioeconomic opportunity

Elements ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailey Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
English Language ◽  
Public Life ◽  
English Language Proficiency ◽  
Language Fluency ◽  
Class Division ◽  
The Public ◽  
Arab Culture ◽  
English Language Fluency ◽  
Culture And Language

Today, there exist two very different versions of Jordan vying for superiority: that which is rooted in an indigenous Arab culture and language, and that of Westernizing, wealthy, and influential minorities. English language proficiency and fluency is an important aspect of this widening gap. It can determine employment opportunity, social interaction, and acceptance into various spaces. Its causes, while more complex and difficult to untangle, can ultimately be traced to an education system rife with class-based hierarchy and unequal resource distribution as well as a postcolonial association of English as a language of superiority and, increasingly, a marker of class difference. Thus, rather than perpetuate the spread of English for nonessential purposes, Jordan should undertake educational reform projects focusing on an Arabic curriculum with universal standards across governorates and the public-private sector divide. Further, it should more efficiently enforce existing laws affirming the primacy of Arabic in public life and take steps to tighten loopholes such as tourism permits for private businesses.

scholarly journals Taiwanese Migrants in Australia: An Investigation of Their Acculturation and Wellbeing

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigar G. Khawaja ◽  
Sabrina Yang ◽  
Wendell Cockshaw
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
English Language ◽  
English Language Proficiency ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Factors Associated

Taiwanese migrants who have settled in Brisbane, Australia (N= 271) completed a questionnaire battery available in both Mandarin and English. A series of multiple and hierarchical regression analyses were used to investigate the factors associated with these migrants’ acculturation and indicators of psychological wellbeing. Results indicated that various personal factors (age, English language proficiency, and duration of stay) were associated with acculturation and indicators of psychological wellbeing. Acculturation was not associated with wellbeing. Social support was associated with the indicators of the participants’ wellbeing. The outcome indicated that although associated with similar personal and environmental factors, acculturation and psychological wellbeing occurred separately. The study highlights the significance of certain personal resources and social support.

Framing Syllabi For Developing English Language Proficiency Bridging Gaps In English Teaching At The Tertiary Level

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
C. MONSINGH DANIEL
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Career Advancement ◽  
English Language ◽  
Global Market ◽  
English Language Proficiency ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
English Teaching

The English Language holds primacy in several levels of employment. This has drawn appeal towards the language as a valuable tool towards having an edge in ones skill set. Capitalizing on the image that English builds for ones employability and career advancement has become a trend set by employer and employee alike. It does indeed have its appeal in a global market, but its demand is due to the inability of educational institutions to provide verifiable and considerable output in students who are proficient in the English Language. Therefore the search for candidates with quality English skills is rather sparse in number. Attempts are of course made by academicians to change this reality but not to the level of a massive turnabout.

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