scholarly journals Association between winter cold spells and acute myocardial infarction in Lithuania 2000–2015

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidmantas Vaičiulis ◽  
Jouni J. K. Jaakkola ◽  
Ričardas Radišauskas ◽  
Abdonas Tamošiūnas ◽  
Dalia Lukšienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Effect Modification ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Effect Estimate ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cold Spell ◽  
Winter Cold

AbstractAcute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a major public health problem. Cold winter weather increases the risk of AMI, but factors influencing susceptibility are poorly known. We conducted an individual-level case-crossover study of the associations between winter cold spells and the risk of AMI, with special focus on survival at 28 days and effect modification by age and sex. All 16,071 adult cases of AMI among the residents of the city of Kaunas in Lithuania in 2000–2015 were included in the study. Cold weather was statistically defined using the 5th percentile of frequency distribution of daily mean temperatures over the winter months. According to conditional logistic regression controlling for time-varying and time-invariant confounders, each additional cold spell day during the week preceding AMI increased the risk of AMI by 5% (95% CI 1–9%). For nonfatal and fatal cases, the risk increase per each additional cold spell day was 5% (95% CI 1–9%) and 6% (95% CI − 2–13%), respectively. The effect estimate was greater for men (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02–1.12) than for women (OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.97–1.08), but there was no evidence of effect modification by age. Evidence on factors increasing susceptibility is critical for targeted cold weather planning.

Plasma methionine and risk of acute myocardial infarction: Effect modification by established risk factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 272 ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indu Dhar ◽  
Vegard Lysne ◽  
Reinhard Seifert ◽  
Gard F.T. Svingen ◽  
Per M. Ueland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Effect Modification

scholarly journals Efficacy of thrombectomy for acute myocardial infarction—Special focus on its efficacy according to different infarct-related arteries

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kigen Jo ◽  
Yoshitake Nakamura ◽  
Toshihisa Inoue ◽  
Kosei Tanaga ◽  
Akira Miyazaki
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Special Focus

scholarly journals Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Comparison of the Risk between Physicians and the General Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-ting Chen ◽  
Chien-Cheng Huang ◽  
Shih-Feng Weng ◽  
Chien-Chin Hsu ◽  
Jhi-Joung Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
General Population ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Research Database

Physicians in Taiwan have a heavy workload and a stressful workplace, both of which may contribute to cardiovascular disease. However, the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in physicians is not clear. This population-based cohort study used Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. We identified 28,062 physicians as the case group and randomly selected 84,186 nonmedical staff patients as the control group. We used a conditional logistic regression to compare the AMI risk between physicians and controls. Subgroup analyses of physician specialty, age, gender, comorbidities, area, and hospital level were also done. Physicians have a higher prevalence of HTN (23.59% versus 19.06%, P<0.0001) and hyperlipidemia (21.36% versus 12.93%, P<0.0001) but a lower risk of AMI than did the controls (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 0.57; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.46–0.72) after adjusting for DM, HTN, hyperlipidemia, and area. Between medical specialty, age, and area subgroups, differences in the risk for having an AMI were nonsignificant. Medical center physicians had a lower risk (AOR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.20–0.85) than did local clinic physicians. Taiwan’s physicians had higher prevalences of HTN and hyperlipidemia, but a lower risk of AMI than did the general population. Medical center physicians had a lower risk than did local clinic physicians. Physicians are not necessary healthier than the general public, but physicians, especially in medical centers, have a greater awareness of disease and greater access to medical care, which permits timely treatment and may prevent critical conditions such as AMI induced by delayed treatment.

Abstract P239: Adipose Tissue Palmitoleic Acid is Inversely Associated With Nonfatal Acute Myocardial Infarction in the Costa Rica Heart Study

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny Luan ◽  
Dongqing Wang ◽  
Hannia Campos ◽  
Ana Baylin
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Significant Positive Association

Background: Animal models have shown that adipose-derived palmitoleic acid may act as a lipokine by conferring resistance to diet-induced obesity; however, human epidemiologic studies investigating this relationship thus far have not provided data in support of this hypothesis. Because metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease are intricately linked with the former being a major risk factor for the latter, we hypothesized that adipose-derived palmitoleic acid may be inversely associated with myocardial infarction. Objective: We examined whether adipose tissue palmitoleic acid was associated with nonfatal acute myocardial infarction in a representative population of Costa Rican adults. Methods: Odds ratios of nonfatal acute myocardial infarction by quintiles of adipose tissue palmitoleic acid were calculated using conditional logistic regression in a case-control study of 1,828 cases and 1,828 controls matched by age, sex, and area of residence. Results: We observed an inverse relationship between nonfatal acute myocardial infarction and adipose tissue palmitoleic acid (OR for highest quintile compared to lowest quintile of palmitoleic acid: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.37, 0.79; P for trend: 0.0007). We additionally observed a significant positive association between adipose tissue palmitoleic acid and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, an important cardiometabolic risk factor for myocardial infarction. Conclusions: These data support the conclusion that adipose-derived palmitoleic acid may behave as a lipokine in the context of human myocardial infarction. This protective association may be partially explained by the increase in HDL cholesterol across quartiles of palmitoleic acid in our population of Costa Rican adults.

scholarly journals MP52: Prehospital opioid administration to acute myocardial infarction patients: a systematic review

CJEM ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (S1) ◽  
pp. S61
Author(s):  
J. Greene ◽  
C. Ainsworth ◽  
L. Lambert ◽  
G. Wong ◽  
W. Cantor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Infarct Size ◽  
Effect Estimate ◽  
Platelet Activity ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Opioid Administration ◽  
Quality Evidence

Introduction: Opioids are routinely administered for analgesia to prehospital patients experiencing chest discomfort from acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We conducted a systematic review to determine if opioid administration impacts patient outcomes. Methods: We conducted a systematic search using MeSH terms and keywords in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central and Clinicaltrials.gov for relevant randomized controlled trials and observational studies comparing opioid administration in AMI patients from 1990 to 2017. The outcomes of interest were: all-cause short-term mortality (≤30 days), major adverse cardiac events (MACE), platelet activity and aggregation, immediate adverse events, infarct size, and analgesia. Included studies were hand searched for additional citations. Risk of Bias assessments were performed and GRADE methodology was employed to assess quality and overall confidence in the effect estimate. Results: Our search yielded 3001 citations of which 19 studies were reviewed as full texts and a total of 9 studies were included in the analysis. The studies predominantly reported on morphine as the opioid. Five studies reported on mortality (≤30 days), seven on MACE, four on platelet activity and aggregation, two on immediate adverse events, two on infarct size and none on analgesic effect. We found low quality evidence suggesting no benefit or harm in terms of mortality or MACE. However, low quality evidence indicates that opioids increase infarct size. Low-quality evidence also shows reduced serum P2Y12 (eg: clopidogrel and ticagrelor) active metabolite levels and increased platelet reactivity in the first several hours post administration following an increase in vomiting. Conclusion: We find low and very low quality evidence that the administration of opioids in STEMI may be adversely related to vomiting and some surrogate outcomes including increased infarct size, reduced serum P2Y12 levels, and increased platelet activity. We found no clear benefit or harm on patient-oriented clinical outcomes including mortality.

scholarly journals Acute Myocardial Infarction During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Update on Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Toscano ◽  
Nicola Cosentino ◽  
Jeness Campodonico ◽  
Antonio L. Bartorelli ◽  
Giancarlo Marenzi
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Healthcare Management ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Respiratory Complications ◽  
Dramatic Decline ◽  
Emergency Medical Systems

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly become a worldwide pandemic. On top of respiratory complications, COVID-19 is associated with major direct and indirect cardiovascular consequences, with the latter probably being even more relevant, especially in the setting of time-dependent cardiovascular emergencies. A growing amount of data suggests a dramatic decline in hospital admissions for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic, mostly since patients did not activate emergency medical systems because hospitals were perceived as dangerous places regarding the infection risk. Moreover, during the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with AMI had a significantly higher in-hospital mortality compared to those admitted before COVID-19, potentially due to late arrival to the hospital. Finally, no consensus has been reached regarding the most adequate healthcare management pathway for AMI and shared guidance on how to handle patients with AMI during the pandemic is still needed. In this review, we will provide an update on epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of patients with AMI during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a special focus on its collateral cardiac impact.

scholarly journals Basic Anthropometric Measures in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients and Individually Sex- and Age-Matched Controls from the General Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Göran Nilsson ◽  
Pär Hedberg ◽  
Jerzy Leppert ◽  
John Ohrvik
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
General Population ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Acute Mi

We compared weight, height, waist and hip circumferences (hip), body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-hip ratio in acute myocardial infarction (MI) patients and individually sex- and age-matched control subjects from the general population in the catchment area of the patients and predicted the risk of MI status by these basic anthropometric measures. The study cohort comprised 748 patients ≤80 years of age with acute MI from a major Swedish cardiac center and their individually sex- and age-matched controls. The analyses were stratified for sex and age (≤65/≥66 years). Risk of MI was assessed by conditional logistic regression. A narrow hip in men ≥66 years was the single strongest risk factor of MI among the anthropometric measures. The combination of hip and weight was particularly efficient in discriminating men ≥66 years with MI from their controls (area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve = 0.82). In men ≤65 years, the best combination was hip, BMI, and height (AUROC = 0.79). In women ≥66 years, the best discriminatory model contained only waist-to-hip ratio (AUROC = 0.67), whereas in women ≤65 years, the best combination was hip and BMI (AUROC = 0.68). A narrow hip reasonably reflects small gluteal muscles. This finding might suggest an association between MI and sarcopenia, possibly related to deficiencies in physical activity and nutrition.

scholarly journals MP49: Prehospital oxygen administration to suspected acute myocardial infarction patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

CJEM ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (S1) ◽  
pp. S60
Author(s):  
J. Greene ◽  
M. Welsford ◽  
C. Ainsworth ◽  
L. Lambert ◽  
G. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Infarct Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Supplemental Oxygen ◽  
Effect Estimate ◽  
Oxygen Administration ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Quality Evidence

Introduction: Oxygen is commonly administered to prehospital patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We conducted a systematic review to determine if oxygen administration, in AMI, impacts patient outcomes. Methods: We conducted a systematic search using MeSH terms and keywords in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central, clinicaltrials.gov and ISRCTN for relevant randomized controlled trials and observational studies comparing oxygen administration and no oxygen administration. The outcomes of interest were: mortality (≤30 days, in-hospital, and intermediate 2-11 months), infarct size, and major adverse cardiac events (MACE). Risk of Bias assessments were performed and GRADE methodology was employed to assess quality and overall confidence in the effect estimate. A meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5 software. Results: Our search yielded 1192 citations of which 48 studies were reviewed as full texts and a total of 8 studies were included in the analysis. All evidence was considered low or very low quality. Five studies reported on mortality finding low quality evidence of no benefit or harm. Low quality evidence demonstrated no benefit or harm from supplemental oxygen administration. Similarly, no benefit or harm was found in MACE or infarct size (very low quality). Normoxia was defined as oxygen saturation measured via pulse oximetry at ≥90% in one recent study and ≥94% in another. Conclusion: We found low and very low quality evidence that the administration of supplemental oxygen to normoxic patients experiencing AMI, provides no clear harm nor benefit for mortality or MACE. The evidence on infarct size was inconsistent and warrants further prospective examination.

scholarly journals Effects of occupational exposure to respirable quartz dust on acute myocardial infarction

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 370-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Gellissen ◽  
Dagmar Pattloch ◽  
Matthias Möhner
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Uranium Miners ◽  
Small Subgroup ◽  
Quartz Dust ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
The Impact

ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to investigate the effects of occupational exposure to respirable quartz (RQ) on first acute myocardial infarction (AMI). RQ causes pulmonary diseases like silicosis and has also been linked to cardiovascular diseases. Inflammation is hypothesised as the underlying pathway.MethodsWe performed a 1:3 matched case–control study nested in a cohort of male uranium miners. We included cases (identified from hospital records and validated according to WHO criteria) who had suffered their first AMI while still employed and <65 years of age. Controls were matched by date of birth and Wismut recruitment era. RQ exposure was derived from a job-exposure matrix. We performed a conditional logistic regression adjusted for smoking, metabolic syndrome and baseline erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Subgroups by date of birth and Wismut recruitment era were analysed to minimise the impact of pre-exposures.ResultsThe study base comprised 292 matched sets. The cumulative exposure ranged from 0 to 38.9 mg/m3-years RQ. The adjusted OR of the highest RQ tertile (>14.62 mg/m3-years) was 1.27 (95% CI 0.82 to 1.98). However, for miners born after 1928 and hired in the earliest recruitment era (1946–1954), a significantly elevated risk was seen in the highest RQ tertile (OR=6.47 [95% CI 1.33 to 31.5]; 50 matched sets).ConclusionsAn impact of quartz dust on first AMI was observed only in a small subgroup that had virtually no pre-exposure to RQ. Further studies on the basis of complete occupational history are required to substantiate this finding.

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