scholarly journals Effects of early energy intake on neonatal cerebral growth of preterm newborn: an observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Boscarino ◽  
Maria Di Chiara ◽  
Raffaella Cellitti ◽  
Maria Chiara De Nardo ◽  
Maria Giulia Conti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Early Life ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Caudate Head ◽  
High Energy Intake ◽  
Left Caudate ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Preterm Newborns

AbstractCurrent guidelines for preterm newborns recommend high energy nutrition soon after birth in order to limit growth retardation. However, long-term effects of this nutritional approach are still debated, and it has been demonstrated that cerebral growth depends on protein intake in early life. A negative impact of early high energy intake by parenteral nutrition (PN) has been reported for patients in critically ill conditions, observed in intensive care unit. We aimed at evaluating the impact of energy intake on cerebral growth in preterm neonates early in life. We included preterm newborns with gestational age < 32 weeks or birth weight (BW) < 1500 g. Measurement of cerebral structures was performed by cranial Ultrasonography (cUS) between 3 and 7 days of life (DOL, T0) and at 28 DOL (T1). We evaluated the relation between energy intake and cerebral growth in the first 28 DOL. We observed in 109 preterm newborns a significant (p < 0.05) negative correlation between energy intake received by PN and right caudate head growth (r = − 0.243*) and a positive correlation between total energy intake and transverse cerebellum diameter (r = 0.254*). Multivariate analysis showed that energy intake administered by enteral nutrition (EN), independently increased growth of left caudate head (β = 0.227*) and height cerebellar vermis (β = 0.415*), while PN independently affected growth of both right and left caudate head (β = − 0.164* and β = − 0.228*, respectively) and cerebellum transverse diameter (β = − 0.849*). The route of energy administration may exert different effects on cerebral growth in early life. High energy intake administered through EN seems to be positively correlated to cerebral growth; conversely, PN energy intake results in a poorer cerebral growth evaluated with cUS.

Short Stature Is Associated With Overweight but Not With High Energy Intake in Low-Income Quilombola Women

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haroldo da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Andreza A. Luna ◽  
Telma Maria M. T. Florêncio ◽  
Monica L. Assunção ◽  
Bernardo L. Horta
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Short Stature ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Thrifty Phenotype ◽  
High Energy Intake

Background: Population exposed to chronic undernutrition in early life seems to be more susceptible to obesity in adulthood due to the development of mechanisms that improve the efficiency of energy use. Therefore, these individuals have relatively reduced energy requirements (thrifty phenotype). Objective: To investigate, among women living on severe socioeconomic vulnerability, whether short stature, a marker for undernutrition in early life, is associated with excess body weight but not with a high energy intake. Methods: This cross-sectional study, carried out between July and November 2008, evaluated 1308 women from all (N = 39) Quilombola communities of Alagoas. Adequacy of energy intake was estimated by the ratio between energetic ingestion and the estimated energy requirement (EER). Results: The prevalence of short stature (≤ 154.8 cm) was 43.0% and 52.4% had excess body weight (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2), being that 33.1% were overweight and 19.3% obese. Excess body weight was higher among women with short stature (56.6% vs 49.2%; P = .008), even after adjusting for age, energy intake, and per capita income (prevalence ratio = 1.16; 95% confidence interval = 1.04; 1.28). The ratio of energy intake/EER was independent of women’s stature. Conclusion: Excess body weight among Quilombola women represents a serious health problem. Short stature was significantly associated with excess body weight but not with a high energy intake. “Thrifty phenotype” may be one of the plausible explanations for this finding.

scholarly journals Blood Proteomics-Based Detection of Upregulated Lipid Metabolism and Immune Dysfunction in an Elite Adventure Athlete Trekking Across Antarctica

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1760-1760
Author(s):  
David Nieman ◽  
Arnoud Groen ◽  
Artyom Pugachev ◽  
Andrew Simonson ◽  
Kristine Polley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Immune Dysfunction ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ppi Networks ◽  
High Energy Intake ◽  
Immune System Process ◽  
Go Terms ◽  
Blood Spot

Abstract Objectives Proteomics when combined with psychological, nutrition, and performance measures may serve as a useful monitoring system for immune dysfunction, training distress, and exercise-induced muscle damage and exhaustion in athletes. Global proteomics monitoring of an elite adventure athlete (age 33 years) was conducted over a 28-week period that culminated in the successful, unassisted 2-month trek across Antarctica (1500 km). Methods Training distress was monitored weekly using the 19-item, validated Training Distress Scale (TDS). Weekly dried blood spot (DBS) specimens were collected via fingerprick blood drops onto standard blood spot cards. DBS proteins were measured with nano-electrospray ionization liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC-MS/MS) in data-independent acquisition (DIA) mode, and 712 proteins were identified and quantified. Results The participant experienced a decrease of 11.4 kg in body mass during the Antarctica trek. The 28-week period was divided into time segments based on TDS scores, and a contrast analysis between weeks 5–8 (low TDS) and weeks 20–23 (high TDS, last month of Antarctica trek) showed that 31 proteins (n = 20 immune related, n = 14 nutrition related with n = 8 in dual roles) were upregulated and 35 (n = 17 immune related) were downregulated. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and gene ontology (GO) biological process analysis supported an increase in plasma lipoprotein particle remodeling, regulation of lipid transport, retinoid metabolic process, and vitamin transport due to high energy intake (7048 kcal/d). PPI networks also supported a dichotomous immune response. GO terms for the upregulated immune proteins showed an increase in regulation of the immune system process, especially inflammation, complement activation, and leukocyte mediated immunity. GO terms for the downregulated immune-related proteins indicated a decrease in several aspects of the overall immune system process including neutrophil degranulation and the antimicrobial humoral response. Conclusions These proteomics data support a dysfunctional immune response in an elite adventure athlete during a sustained period of mental and physical distress, high energy intake, and significant loss of body mass while trekking solo across Antarctica. Funding Sources Standard Process, Inc., Palmyra, WI.

scholarly journals A high energy intake from dietary fat among middle-aged and older adults is associated with increased risk of malnutrition 10 years later

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (6) ◽  
pp. 915-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Söderström ◽  
Andreas Rosenblad ◽  
Eva T. Adolfsson ◽  
Alicja Wolk ◽  
Niclas Håkansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Monounsaturated Fat ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
High Energy Intake ◽  
Total Fat

AbstractA higher fat content in the diet could be an advantage for preventing malnutrition among older adults. However, there is sparse scientific evidence to determine the optimal fat intake among older adults. This prospective cohort study examined whether a high energy intake of dietary fat among middle-aged and older adults is associated with the risk of malnutrition 10 years later. The study population comprised 725 Swedish men and women aged 53–80 years who had completed a questionnaire about dietary intake and lifestyle factors in 1997 (baseline) and whose nutritional status was assessed when admitted to the hospital in 2008–2009 (follow-up). At the follow-up, 383 (52·8 %) participants were identified as being at risk of malnutrition and fifty-two (7·2 %) were identified as malnourished. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to analyse the association between previous dietary fat intake and nutritional status later in life. Contrary to what was expected, a high energy intake from total fat, saturated fat and monounsaturated fat among middle-aged and older adults increased the risk of exhibiting malnutrition 10 years later. However, this applied only to individuals with a BMI<25 kg/m2 at the baseline. In conclusion, these findings suggest that preventive actions to counteract malnutrition in older adults should focus on limiting the intake of total fat in the diet by reducing consumption of food with a high content of saturated and monounsaturated fat.

scholarly journals Diet, physical activity and cancer risk

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (3a) ◽  
pp. 397-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Hill
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Bowel Cancer ◽  
Recreational Physical Activity ◽  
High Energy Intake ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
High Level

AbstractThere is a clear and consistent association between overweight and risk of hormone-related cancers, large bowel cancer and cancer at some other sites. Overweight is the consequence of an excess of energy intake over expenditure, but there is little evidence of an association between high energy intake and cancer risk in humans at any site other than the endometrium. This may be because of the difficulties in measuring total energy intake in the tens of thousands of individuals used in large prospective epidemiological studies. In contrast, despite the difficulties in measuring physical activity in the large numbers of persons needed in epidemiology, there is a growing body of evidence that a high level of recreational physical activity is protective against cancer at all sites associated with overweight.

scholarly journals Jellyfish Support High Energy Intake of Leatherback Sea Turtles (Dermochelys coriacea): Video Evidence from Animal-Borne Cameras

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. e33259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan G. Heaslip ◽  
Sara J. Iverson ◽  
W. Don Bowen ◽  
Michael C. James
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Sea Turtles ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Dermochelys Coriacea ◽  
High Energy Intake ◽  
Leatherback Sea Turtles

scholarly journals Is obesity really due to high energy intake of low energy expenditure?

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1139-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
JCK Wells
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
High Energy Intake

scholarly journals Relation between nutrition and fertility in pigs.

1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. den Hartog ◽  
G.J.M. van Kempen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Embryonic Mortality ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
High Energy Intake ◽  
Suitable Sequence

A review of experiments on the effect of energy and protein intake on fertility in gilts suggested that a high energy intake shortly before oestrus (flushing) increased ovulation rate. Although high energy intake gave more ovulations than low energy intake, embryonic mortality was greater. The most suitable sequence during rearing, flushing and early pregnancy seemed to be low, high and low energy, respectively. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

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