Slit3 secreted from M2-like macrophages increases sympathetic activity and thermogenesis in adipose tissue

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Na Wang ◽  
Yan Tang ◽  
Zhihui He ◽  
Hong Ma ◽  
Linyuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Sympathetic Activity

194 Sympathetic Activity in Perivascular Adipose Tissue

Heart ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 100 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. A107.2-A108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Watkins ◽  
Charlotte Bussey ◽  
Thomas Bosworth ◽  
Tony Heagerty ◽  
Sarah Withers
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue

scholarly journals Low protein diet changes the energetic balance and sympathetic activity in brown adipose tissue of growing rats

Nutrition ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1186-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suélem Aparecida de França ◽  
Maísa Pavani dos Santos ◽  
Maria Antonieta Rissato Garófalo ◽  
Luiz Carlos Navegantes ◽  
Isis do Carmo Kettelhut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Growing Rats ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Energetic Balance

scholarly journals Apolipoprotein A-IV Enhances Fatty Acid Uptake by Adipose Tissues of Male Mice via Sympathetic Activation

Endocrinology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 161 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Zhu ◽  
Jonathan Weng ◽  
Minqian Shen ◽  
Jace Fish ◽  
Zhujun Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Sympathetic Innervation ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Lipid Mixture ◽  
Apolipoprotein A ◽  
Brown Adipose

Abstract Apolipoprotein A-IV (ApoA-IV) synthesized by the gut regulates lipid metabolism. Sympathetic innervation of adipose tissues also controls lipid metabolism. We hypothesized that ApoA-IV required sympathetic innervation to increase fatty acid (FA) uptake by adipose tissues and brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis. After 3 weeks feeding of either a standard chow diet or a high-fat diet (HFD), mice with unilateral denervation of adipose tissues received intraperitoneal administration of recombinant ApoA-IV protein and intravenous infusion of lipid mixture with radioactive triolein. In chow-fed mice, ApoA-IV administration increased FA uptake by intact BAT but not the contralateral denervated BAT or intact white adipose tissue (WAT). Immunoblots showed that, in chow-fed mice, ApoA-IV increased expression of lipoprotein lipase and tyrosine hydroxylase in both intact BAT and inguinal WAT (IWAT), while ApoA-IV enhanced protein levels of β3 adrenergic receptor, adipose triglyceride lipase, and uncoupling protein 1 in the intact BAT only. In HFD-fed mice, ApoA-IV elevated FA uptake by intact epididymal WAT (EWAT) but not intact BAT or IWAT. ApoA-IV increased sympathetic activity assessed by norepinephrine turnover (NETO) rate in BAT and EWAT of chow-fed mice, whereas it elevated NETO only in EWAT of HFD-fed mice. These observations suggest that, in chow-fed mice, ApoA-IV activates sympathetic activity of BAT and increases FA uptake by BAT via innervation, while in HFD-fed mice, ApoA-IV stimulates sympathetic activity of EWAT to shunt FAs into the EWAT.

Increased sympathetic activity in rat white adipose tissue during prolonged fasting

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (2) ◽  
pp. R656-R661 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Migliorini ◽  
M. A. Garofalo ◽  
I. C. Kettelhut
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Prolonged Fasting ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine ◽  
Fasted Rats

The effect of prolonged fasting on sympathetic activity was examined in rat white adipose tissue (WAT) and, for comparison purposes, in interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT). Preliminary experiments showed that 6-hydroxydopamine or tyramine administration to fed animals produced similar reductions in norepinephrine (NE) content of WAT and IBAT. Fasting for 48 h did not affect tissue NE content significantly, but induced a threefold increase in [3H]NE uptake by retroperitoneal and epididymal adipose tissue, contrasting with a 50% reduction in IBAT. Measured with DL-alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine, NE fractional rates of turnover were faster and calculated turnover rates were three times higher in retroperitoneal and epididymal tissue from fasted rats than in tissues from fed controls. In experiments with [3H]NE, although fractional rates did not change significantly, calculated NE turnover also increased in retroperitoneal and epididymal tissue after food deprivation. In contrast, in IBAT, NE turnover either did not change (measured with DL-alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine) or, in the experiments with [3H]NE, decreased significantly after fasting. These and other data suggest that a centrally controlled selective activation of WAT sympathetic fibers contributes to fasting lipolysis.

Effects of fasting and food restriction on sympathetic activity in brown adipose tissue in mice

1992 ◽  
Vol 162 (7) ◽  
pp. 602-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Griggio ◽  
D. Richard ◽  
J. Leblanc
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Brown Adipose

Thermogenesis and sympathetic activity in BAT of overfed rats after adrenalectomy

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (4) ◽  
pp. E362-E366
Author(s):  
D. Marchington ◽  
N. J. Rothwell ◽  
M. J. Stock ◽  
D. A. York
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Proton Conductance ◽  
Purine Nucleotide ◽  
Bat Activity ◽  
Norepinephrine Turnover ◽  
Brown Adipose

Resting oxygen consumption was elevated by 30% in young rats fed a cafeteria diet compared with their chow-fed controls and by 22% in cafeteria-fed, adrenalectomized (ADX) rats compared with the ADX chow-fed group, but injection of propranolol reduced oxygen consumption in the cafeteria-fed animals and abolished these differences. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass was increased by cafeteria feeding, and the activity of the mitochondrial proton conductance pathway (assessed from purine nucleotide binding) was enhanced by adrenalectomy and by cafeteria feeding. Norepinephrine turnover in BAT (determined from the time-dependent loss of tissue [3H]norepinephrine specific activity) was increased by 105% in sham-operated, cafeteria-fed rats, by 142% in chow-fed ADX rats, and by 400% in cafeteria-fed ADX rats, compared with chow-fed controls. Cardiac norepinephrine turnover was elevated by 80% in sham-operated, cafeteria-fed rats, but unaffected by adrenalectomy. These data indicate that the enhanced thermogenesis and BAT activity induced by adrenalectomy in chow- or cafeteria-fed rats is due to increased sympathetic activity in the tissue.

Obesity-associated sympathetic overactivity in children and adolescents: the role of catecholamine resistance in lipid metabolism

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengtang Qi ◽  
Shuzhe Ding
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Dynamic Phase ◽  
Sympathetic Overdrive ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractObesity in children and adolescents is characterized by chronic sympathetic overdrive and reduced epinephrine-stimulated lipolysis. This resistance to catecholamines occurs during the dynamic phase of fat accumulation. This review will focus on the relationship between sympathetic-adrenal activity and lipid metabolism, thereby highlighting the role of catecholamine resistance in the development of childhood obesity.Catecholamine resistance causes lipid accumulation in adipose tissue by reducing lipolysis, increasing lipogenesis and impeding free fatty acid (FFA) transportation. Exercise improves catecholamine resistance, as evidenced by attenuated systemic sympathetic activity, reduced circulating catecholamine levels and enhanced β-adrenergic receptor signaling. Insulin resistance is mostly a casual result rather than a cause of childhood obesity. Therefore, catecholamine resistance in childhood obesity may promote insulin signaling in adipose tissue, thereby increasing lipogenesis. This review outlines a series of evidence for the role of catecholamine resistance as an upstream mechanism leading to childhood obesity.

Altered sympathetic activity during development of diet-induced obesity in rat

1983 ◽  
Vol 244 (3) ◽  
pp. R347-R355 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Levin ◽  
J. Triscari ◽  
A. C. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Relative Body Weight

Sprague-Dawley rats developed diet-induced obesity (DIO) after 3 mo on a high-fat, high-sucrose diet (DIO diet), with associated increases in total body and interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) lipid content. After 7 days on the DIO diet, rats had increased levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH; 34%), norepinephrine (NE; 34%), and NE turnover (94%; estimated by alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine inhibition of TH) in their IBAT compared with chow-fed controls. After 3 mo on the DIO diet, NE levels and/or turnover were reduced by 27–50% in aortas, hearts, and pancreata in obese rats. While IBAT NE turnover was normal, TH inhibition failed to increase the lipid content of IBAT in obese rats as it did in controls, suggesting a postsynaptic defect in basal NE-stimulated lipolysis in this thermogenically active tissue. When obese rats were switched from the DIO diet to rat chow for 3 days, NE levels remained depressed in their hearts (25%) and aortas (14%) but were increased by 36–45% in IBAT, pancreata, and white adipose tissue. NE turnover rates and/or constants were increased by 37–110% in hearts, aortas, pancreata, and IBAT of these obese rats while there were increased IBAT TH (20%) and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (87%) activities compared with chow-fed controls. Therefore, sympathetic activity varied markedly as a function of both dietary composition and relative body weight during the development of DIO.

Dissociation between brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and sympathetic activity in rats with high plasma levels of oestradiol

1994 ◽  
Vol 426 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 40-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mar�a Paz Nava ◽  
Alberto Fern�ndez ◽  
Mar�a Abelenda ◽  
Marisa Puerta
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis
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