scholarly journals A study of association between genetic markers in candidate genes and reproductive traits in one generation of a commercial broiler breeder hen population

Heredity ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
I C Dunn ◽  
Y W Miao ◽  
A Morris ◽  
M N Romanov ◽  
P W Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Broiler Breeder ◽  
Commercial Broiler

scholarly journals Genetic basis and identification of candidate genes for wooden breast and white striping in commercial broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juniper A. Lake ◽  
Jack C. M. Dekkers ◽  
Behnam Abasht
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Chromosome 11 ◽  
A Genome ◽  
White Striping ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Wooden Breast

AbstractWooden breast (WB) and white striping (WS) are highly prevalent and economically damaging muscle disorders of modern commercial broiler chickens characterized respectively by palpable firmness and fatty white striations running parallel to the muscle fiber. High feed efficiency and rapid growth, especially of the breast muscle, are believed to contribute to development of such muscle defects; however, their etiology remains poorly understood. To gain insight into the genetic basis of these myopathies, a genome-wide association study was conducted using a commercial crossbred broiler population (n = 1193). Heritability was estimated at 0.5 for WB and WS with high genetic correlation between them (0.88). GWAS revealed 28 quantitative trait loci (QTL) on five chromosomes for WB and 6 QTL on one chromosome for WS, with the majority of QTL for both myopathies located in a ~ 8 Mb region of chromosome 5. This region has highly conserved synteny with a portion of human chromosome 11 containing a cluster of imprinted genes associated with growth and metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Candidate genes include potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 1 (KCNQ1), involved in insulin secretion and cardiac electrical activity, lymphocyte-specific protein 1 (LSP1), involved in inflammation and immune response.

scholarly journals Analysis of prolificacy in sows of hyperprolific lines of Large White breed

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
V. Matoušek ◽  
A. Čermáková ◽  
N. Kernerová ◽  
P. Králová
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Large White ◽  
Large White Breed ◽  
Lifetime Performance ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Esr Gene

The objective of the paper was to evaluate the results of reproductive performance of sows in some elite breeding herds of the Large White breed included in experimental herds for the production of hyperprolific lines of dam breeds. The set consisted of 98 sows with the known genotypes of ESR, FSHâ and PRLR genes. The dendrogram shows that on the basis of their genetic outfit the sows can be divided into two clusters. The first cluster can be described as a cluster with marked dominance of HPL sows and the second cluster with marked dominance of the sows of basic herd. The first cluster consisted of individuals in which the preferred genotype AA of PRLR gene was not detected. As for FSHâ gene, the beneficial genotype BB was found out in 74.10% of sows. In ESR gene the beneficial genotype DD was recorded only in 11.10% of individuals. On average for the lifetime performance they delivered by 2.08 piglets more in all born piglets and by 1.96 piglets more in live-born piglets per litter. Differences in the reproductive traits between HPL sows and the sows of basic herd in the first cluster were statistically highly significant. On the contrary, genotype AA of PRLR gene was identified in all sows of the second cluster, 61.36% of animals possessed beneficial genotype BB of FSHâ gene. As for ESR gene, beneficial genotype DD was identified within the whole cluster in 31.82% of sows. In lifetime performance the HPL sows had on average by 1.10 individuals more in all born piglets and by 1.01 more in live-born piglets (statistically significantly higher values). The unambiguous expression of a positive effect of preferred genotypes of selected candidate genes failed to be confirmed by the results of statistical analyses testing the associations of candidate genes for pig reproduction with selected parameters of breeding value and prolificacy of sows.  

scholarly journals Database of cattle candidate genes and genetic markers for milk production and mastitis

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 832-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ogorevc ◽  
T. Kunej ◽  
A. Razpet ◽  
P. Dovc
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Milk Production

An outbreak of lymphomas in commercial broiler breeder chickens vaccinated with a fowlpox vaccine contaminated with reticuloendotheliosis virus

1996 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Fadly ◽  
R. L. Witter ◽  
E. J. Smith ◽  
R. F. Silva ◽  
W. M. Reed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reticuloendotheliosis Virus ◽  
Broiler Breeder ◽  
Commercial Broiler

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Association Study for Reproductive Traits in a Duroc Pig Population

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang ◽  
Chen ◽  
Ye ◽  
He ◽  
Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Study ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

In the pig industry, reproductive traits constantly influence the production efficiency. To identify markers and candidate genes underlying porcine reproductive traits, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed in a Duroc pig population. In total, 1067 pigs were genotyped using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chips, and four reproductive traits, including litter size at birth (LSB), litter weight at birth (LWB), litter size at weaning (LSW), and litter weight at weaning (LWW), were examined. The results showed that 20 potential SNPs reached the level of suggestive significance and were associated with these traits of interest. Several important candidate genes, including TXN2, KCNA1, ENSSSCG00000003546, ZDHHC18, MAP2K6, BICC1, FAM135B, EPHB2, SEMA4D, ST3GAL1, KCTD3, FAM110A, TMEM132D, TBX3, and FAM110A, were identified and might compose the underlying genetic architecture of porcine reproductive traits. These findings help to understand the genetic basis of porcine reproductive traits and provide important information for molecular breeding in pigs.

Heritability Estimates for Juvenile Body weight by Least Squares and DFREML in a Commercial Broiler Breeder Dam Population

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 51-51
Author(s):  
A.J. Morris ◽  
G.E. Pollott
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Broiler Breeder ◽  
Derivative Free ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Body Weight Measure ◽  
Different Sources

To date commercial broiler breeders have focused primarily on increasing early growth rate in selection programmes aimed at improving overall production efficiency. In commercial programmes, early growth rate is simplified to a single body weight measure taken at a fixed age during the growth phase approaching common slaughter weights. Most recent selection studies report heritabilities from experimental populations that are at best, synthesised from crossing modern broiler material from several different sources (Leenstra et al, 1986; Wang et al, 1991). Therefore, such populations are likely to exhibit greater heterozygosity than many commercial lines which have undergone many generations of intense selection in closed populations. This paper reports heritabilities estimated using both least squares and derivative-free maximum likelihood techniques for data from a commercial breeder dam line which has remained closed since its inception in 1975.

scholarly journals Association of Polymorphisms in Candidate Genes with the Litter Size in Two Sheep Breeds

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Li ◽  
Wang ◽  
Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Female Reproduction ◽  
Dna Pooling ◽  
High Fecundity ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Hu Sheep ◽  
Six Genes

Hu sheep and Small-tailed Han sheep are the most widely raised and most famous maternal sheep breeds in China, which are known for precocious puberty, perennial oestrus and high fecundity (1–6 lambs each parity). Therefore, it is crucial to increase litter size of these two breeds for intensive sheep industry. The objective of this study was to identify potential genetic markers linked with sheep litter size located at ten genes. This study collected blood sample of 537 Hu sheep and 420 Small-tailed Han sheep with litter size of first parity. The average litter sizes in Hu sheep and Small-tailed Han sheep were 2.21 and 1.93. DNA-pooling sequencing method was used for detecting the potential single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ten genes related to follicle development and female reproduction. SNPscan® was used for individually genotyping. As a result, a total of 78 putative SNPs in nine out of ten candidate genes (except NOG) were identified. In total, 50 SNPs were successfully genotyped in Hu sheep and Small-tailed Han sheep. After quality control, a total of 42 SNPs in Hu sheep and 44 SNPs in Small-tailed Han sheep were finally used for further analysis. Association analysis revealed that nine SNPs within six genes (KIT: g.70199073A>G, KITLG: g.124520653G>C, ADAMTS1: g.127753565T>C, ADAMTS1: g.127754640G>T, NCOA1: g.31928165C>T, NCOA1: g.32140565G>A, LIFR: g.35862868C>T, LIFR: g.35862947G>T and NGF: g.91795933T>C) were significantly associated with litter size in Hu sheep or Small-tailed Han sheep. A combined haplotypes analysis of the two loci (LIFR: g.35862868C>T and LIFR: g.35862947G>T) revealed that H2H3 (CTTT) combined haplotypes had the largest litter size than the rest combined haplotypes and more than those with either mutation alone in Small-tailed Han sheep. Taken together, our study suggests that nine significant SNPs in six genes can be served as useful genetic markers for MAS in sheep.

Isolation of Campylobacter spp. from Semen Samples of Commercial Broiler Breeder Roosters

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 717-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Cox ◽  
N. J. Stern ◽  
J. L. Wilson ◽  
M. T. Musgrove ◽  
R. J. Buhr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Breeder ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

scholarly journals World Health Organisation – supervised interlaboratory comparison of ELISAs for the serological detection ofSalmonella entericaserotype Enteritidis in chickens

1996 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Barrow ◽  
M. Desmidt ◽  
R. Ducatelle ◽  
M. Guittet ◽  
H. M. J. F. van der Heijden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Density ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
High Titre ◽  
World Health ◽  
Serological Detection ◽  
Broiler Breeder ◽  
Serum Dilution ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Set Up

SummaryA collaborative exercise, supervised by the World Health Organisation, was set up to compare ELISAs used for the serological detection ofSalmonella enteriticaserotype Enteritidis in chickens. The aim was to ascertain how far agreement could be reached on the interpretation of optical density readings for high titre, intermediate titre and low titre sera. Two sets of sera were sent to 14 participants. The first set compared high, medium and low titre sera raised in specified-pathogen-free and commercial broiler breeder chickens. The second set comprised 20 sera of different antibody titres raised in commercial birds reared under laboratory conditions and sent blind. Both indirect and double-antibody sandwich blocking ELISAs were used with a number of different detecting antigens. With a few exceptions good agreement was reached on the interpretation of results obtained from high and low titre sera from the optical density obtained with a single serum dilution. Differences were observed in the interpretation of medium titre sera. The results suggested that most ELISAs produce reasonably comparable results and that practical problems may arise from interpretation of the results mainly as a result of the choice of the criteria used for differentiating sera obtained from infected and uninfected chickens. These problems are discussed.

scholarly journals Genetic Markers Associated with Milk Production Traits in Dairy Cattle

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1018
Author(s):  
Yulin Ma ◽  
Muhammad Zahoor Khan ◽  
Jianxin Xiao ◽  
Gibson Maswayi Alugongo ◽  
Xu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Generation Interval ◽  
Current Review

Increasing milk production is one of the key concerns in animal production. Traditional breeding has gotten limited achievement in the improvement of milk production because of its moderate heritability. Milk production traits are controlled by many genes. Thus, identifying candidate genes associated with milk production traits may provide information that can be used to enhance the accuracy of animal selection for moderately heritable traits like milk production. The genomic selection can enhance the accuracy and intensity of selection and shortening the generation interval. The genetic progress of economically important traits can be doubled with the accuracy of selection and shortening of generation interval. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have made possible the screening of several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes associated with milk production traits in dairy cattle. In addition, RNA-sequencing is another well-established tool used to identify genes associated with milk production in dairy cattle. Although it has been widely accepted that these three methods (GWAS, RNA-seq and DNA sequencing) are considered the first step in the screening of genes, however, the outcomes from GWAS, DNA-sequencing and RNA-seq still need further verification for the establishment of bonafide causal variants via genetic replication as well as functional validation. In the current review, we have highlighted genetic markers identified (2010-to date) for their associations with milk production traits in dairy cattle. The information regarding candidate genes associated with milk production traits provided in the current review could be helpful to select the potential genetic markers for the genetic improvement of milk production traits in dairy cattle.

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