scholarly journals Low relative resting metabolic rate and body weight gain in adult Caucasian Italians

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Buscemi ◽  
S Verga ◽  
G Caimi ◽  
G Cerasola
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate

SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL AND NUTRITIONAL ASPECTS OF THE DWARF CHICKEN

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. RAJARATNAM ◽  
J. D. SUMMERS ◽  
A. S. WOOD ◽  
E. T. MORAN Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Brand Name ◽  
Dwarf Chicken

A study was undertaken to investigate the feasibility of hypothyroidism as an explanation for the smaller body size and lower metabolic activity of the recessive sex-linked dwarf chicken. A significant increase in body weight gain and feed intake for dwarf chicks with little change in these parameters for normal chicks receiving a diet supplemented with Protamone (brand name for iodinated casein) suggests a hypothyroidic state for the dwarfs. Similarly, a significantly lower body temperature, oxygen consumption and basal metabolic rate with a higher percentage of carcass fat in dwarf chicks as compared with normal ones supports the above hypothesis. Protamone supplementation of the diet increased body temperature and metabolic rate, and altered the carcass composition of the dwarfs to values closer to that of normal chicks, again suggesting a low thyroxine output for the dwarfs.

Abstract 19336: Chronic Vagal Nerve Stimulation Causes Weight Loss by Reducing Food Intake and Feeding Efficiency in Mice

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald M Stauss ◽  
Daniel P Dias ◽  
Donald A Morgan ◽  
Kamal Rahmouni
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Vagal Nerve ◽  
Feeding Efficiency

Chronic electrical vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) has emerged as a new tool to treat human diseases including obesity. Indeed, chronic VNS has been shown to cause weight loss in humans and in experimental animal models. However, the mechanisms for VNS-induced weight loss are largely unknown. We hypothesized that an increase in metabolic rate together with reduced caloric intake and reduced feeding efficiency (body weight gain per calories consumed) contribute to chronic VNS-induced weight loss or reduced weight gain. To test this hypothesis, we developed a miniaturized microprocessor-operated nerve stimulator for chronic use in conscious mice. Effectiveness of the stimulator was verified by bradycardia at stimulation frequencies above 5 Hz (3V, 1mA, 1ms pulses). Male C57Bl/6 mice (16 weeks old, standard mouse chow diet) were instrumented with nerve stimulators (3V, 1mA, 1ms pulses at 5 Hz) on the right cervical vagal nerve and body weight, food intake and metabolic rate (indirect calorimetry) were determined at baseline and weekly thereafter. After the initial post-surgical weight loss, sham animals (n=9, stimulators off) regained pre-surgical body weight within 16 days (100.0±2.7%). In contrast, mice with chronic VNS (n=12) never reestablished pre-surgical body weight (94.5±0.9% on day 16, P<0.05 vs. sham). Caloric intake was significantly reduced in mice with chronic VNS compared to sham animals (74.7±2.4 vs. 84.6±4.2 kcal/week, P<0.05). Likewise, mice with chronic VNS showed significantly reduced feeding efficiency compared to sham mice (2.6±2.0 vs. 10.6±2.4 mg body weight gain per kcal consumed). Oxygen consumption tended to be elevated (2734±152 vs. 2490±124 mL/kg/h, P=0.23) during the first week, but not thereafter. In conclusion reduced food intake and lower feeding efficiency contribute to reduced weight gain in mice with chronic VNS. We speculate that an initial increase in metabolic rate (assessed by oxygen consumption) may be antagonized by compensatory mechanisms in response to chronic VNS.

scholarly journals Weight Gain after Smoking Cessation

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Pistelli ◽  
F. Aquilini ◽  
L. Carrozzi
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Excessive Weight

Both overweight or obesity and cigarette smoking are relevant risk factors for public health. Cigarette smoking is associated with lower body weight while smoking cessation is associated with weight gain. Most smokers who quit experience a weight gain, particularly within one year, and it may persist up to 8 years after smoking cessation. However, only a minority of quitters gain excessive weight. Some individual characteristics have been found to be associated with excessive weight gain after smoking cessation while methodological problems may affect estimates of weight gain observed in different studies. Main mechanisms to explain weight gain after smoking cessation include increased energy intake, decreased resting metabolic rate, and decreased physical activity. The health benefits of smoking cessation far exceed any health risks that may result from smoking cessation-induced body weight gain. As weight gain may be a barrier against quitting smoking or a reason to restart smoking, behavioural and pharmacological methods have been evaluated to control weight gain after smoking cessation. Physicians should apply efficient strategies to promote smoking cessation on their weight-concerned smoking patient. This review briefly addresses some issues on the relationship between smoking cessation and weight gain, with regard to the size of the problem, mechanisms, health risks and control strategies.

Abstract 512: Anorectic and Thermogenic Effects of Chronic Vagal Nerve Stimulation in Mice

Hypertension ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel P Dias ◽  
Donald A Morgan ◽  
Harald M Stauss ◽  
Kamal Rahmouni
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Vagal Nerve ◽  
Feeding Efficiency

Electrical vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) has emerged as a new tool to treat human diseases including obesity. Indeed, chronic VNS has been shown to cause weight loss in humans and in experimental animal models. However, the mechanisms by which chronic VNS causes weight loss are largely unknown due in part to the unavailability of implantable nerve stimulators for mice excluding the use of genetically engineered mouse models to investigate these mechanisms. Identification such mechanisms promises to identify novel approaches for weight loss. Here, we report the development of a miniaturized microprocessor-operated nerve stimulator for chronic use in conscious mice. Effectiveness of the stimulator was verified by the bradycardia induced at stimulation frequencies above 5 Hz (3V, 1mA, 1ms pulses). Next, we used the stimulator to test whether changes in metabolic rate, caloric intake and feeding efficiency (body weight gain per calories consumed) contribute to chronic VNS-induced weight loss. Male C57Bl/6 mice (16 weeks old, on standard mouse chow diet) were instrumented with nerve stimulators (3V, 1mA, 1ms pulses at 5 Hz) on the right cervical vagal nerve and body weight, food intake and metabolic rate (indirect calorimetry) were determined at baseline and weekly thereafter. After the initial post-surgical weight loss, sham animals (n=9, stimulators off) regained pre-surgical body weight within 16 days (100.0±2.7%). In contrast, mice with chronic VNS (n=12) never re-established pre-surgical body weight (94.5±0.9% on day 16, P<0.05 vs. sham). Caloric intake was significantly reduced in mice with chronic VNS compared to sham group (74.7±2.4 vs. 84.6±4.2 kcal/week, P<0.05). Likewise, mice with chronic VNS showed significantly reduced feeding efficiency compared to sham mice (2.6±2.0 vs. 10.6±2.4 mg body weight gain per kcal consumed). Oxygen consumption tended to be elevated (2734±152 vs. 2490±124 mL/kg/h) during the first week, but not thereafter. In conclusion, reduced food intake and lower feeding efficiency contribute to VNS-induced weight loss in mice. We speculate that an initial increase in metabolic rate (assessed by oxygen consumption) may be antagonized by compensatory mechanisms triggered by chronic VNS.

Novel human resistin antagonist (monomeric C6A mutant) reduced body weight gain and restored insulin responsiveness in mice fed high fat diet

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yacir Benomar ◽  
Gili Solomon ◽  
Hamza Amine ◽  
Ahlem Othmane ◽  
Arieh Gertler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Insulin Responsiveness ◽  
Human Resistin

PENGEMBANGAN TANAMAN RAMI (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud) DAN PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH DAUN RAMI UNTUK PENGGEMUKKAN DOMBA WONOSOBO

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210
Author(s):  
Muryanto Muryanto ◽  
Pita Sudrajad ◽  
Amrih Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
The Body ◽  
Boehmeria Nivea ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Potential Capacity ◽  
The Given

The aim of the study was to determine the development of ramie plants (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud) and the effect of using ramie leaves on feed on the body weight gain of Wonosobo Sheep (Dombos). Research on the development of ramie plants using survey methods in the area of ramie plant development in Wonosobo Regency. While the research on the use of ramie leaves for fattening was carried out in Butuh Village, Kalikajar District, Wonosobo Regency in 2018. 21 male Dombos were divided into 3 feed treatments with forage proportions of 70%, 50% and 30 ramie leaves respectively. %. The results showed that currently ramie plants were being developed in Wonosobo Regency by CV. Ramindo Berkah Persada Sejahtera in Gandok Village, Kalikajar District, Wonosobo Regency, Central Java. Until now the area of the crop has reached 13 ha. Of this area will produce ramie leaves 195,000 kg / year. If one sheep needs 4 kg of ramie / tail / day leaves, then the potential capacity of sheep is 135 heads / year, if the given one is 50% then the Jurnal Litbang Provinsi Jawa Tengah, Volume 16 202 Nomor 2 – Desember 2018potential capacity is 270 heads / year and if it is reduced again to 25% of ramie leaves then the potential capacity 440 heads / year. The use of ramie leaves as a feed for Wonosobo Sheep fattening can be given as much as 30% in fresh form.

Eisenia bicyclis Inhibits Body Weight Gain and Fat Accumulation Induced by High-Fat Diets in Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Hee Choi ◽  
Ji-Yun Ahn ◽  
Sun-A Kim ◽  
Tae-Wan Kim ◽  
Tae-Youl Ha
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Eisenia Bicyclis ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

Effect of Honey & Olive Oil Supplemented Bio-Yoghurt Feeding on Lipid Profile, Blood Glucose and Hematological Parameters in Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
Magdy M. Ismail ◽  
El-Tahra M. Ammar ◽  
Abd El-Wahab E. Khalil ◽  
Mohamed Z. Eid
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol

Background and Objective: Yoghurt, especially bio-yoghurt has long been recognized as a product with many health benefits for consumers. Also, honey and olive oil have considerable nutritional and health effects. So, the effect of administration of yoghurt made using ABT culture and fortified with honey (2 and 6%), olive oil (1 and 4%) or honey + olive oil (2+1 and 6+4% respectively) on some biological and hematological properties of rats was investigated.Methods:The body weight gain, serum lipid level, blood glucose level, serum creatinine level, Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (GOT) activity, Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (GPT) activity, leukocytes and lymphocytes counts of rats were evaluated.Results:Blending of bio-yoghurt with rats&#039; diet improved body weight gain. Concentrations of Total plasma Cholesterol (TC), High-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), Very Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL) and Triglycerides (TG) significantly lowered in plasma of rats fed bio-yoghurt. Levels of TC, LDL, VLDL, and TG also decreased in rat groups feed bio-yoghurt supplemented with honey and olive oil. LDL concentrations were reduced by 10.32, 18.51, 34.17, 22.48, 43.30% in plasma of rats fed classic starter yoghurt, ABT yoghurt, ABT yoghurt contained 6% honey, ABT yoghurt contained 4% olive oil and ABT yoghurt contained 6% honey + 4% olive oil respectively. The blood glucose, serum creatinine, GOT and GPT values of rats decreased while white blood cells and lymphocytes counts increased by feeding bioyoghurt contained honey and olive oil.Conclusion:The findings enhanced the multiple therapeutic effects of bio-yoghurt supplemented with honey and olive oil.

Surgical Management of Atresia Ani in a Crossbred Calf

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 81-82
Author(s):  
Madan Pal ◽  
Kashi Ram ◽  
Chander Pal Garhwal ◽  
Virender .
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Intestinal Atresia ◽  
Congenital Defect ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Anal Opening

Atresia ani is a congenital defect that describes the absence of a normal anal opening. It is fatal unless a surgical correction is carried out to provide an anal opening. In female, the rectum may break through the vagina, forming a rectovaginal fistula permitting defecation via the vulva. Surgical treatment of atresia ani is indicated to save the animal’s life and to improve body weight gain. Intestinal atresia has been reported as a congenital defect in all species of domestic animals (Gass and Tibboel, 1980). Atresia ani may be caused by genetic disorders (chromosomes or transgenesis), environmental factors, or a combination of both (Cassini et al., 2005). Monsang et al. (2011) reported a case of double vulva with atresia ani in a crossbred calf. Atresia ani should be treated by a surgical operation to solve the problem, improve body weight gain, and reduce economic loss. The present report records a case of atresia ani in a crossbred cow-calf and its successful surgical correction.

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