12. Role of novel therapies targeting the myeloma cell and its marrow microenvironment

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (S1) ◽  
pp. S75-S83
Keyword(s):  
Myeloma Cell ◽  
Novel Therapies

Role of c-MET in Upper Aerodigestive Malignancies — From Biology to Novel Therapies

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sascha Dietrich ◽  
Radha Uppalapati ◽  
Tanguy Y. Seiwert ◽  
Patrick C. Ma
Keyword(s):  
Novel Therapies

Chemo- and Optogenetic Strategies for the Elucidation of Pain Pathways

2019 ◽  
pp. 816-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sascha R. A. Alles ◽  
Anne-Marie Malfait ◽  
Richard J. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Response ◽  
Conscious Perception ◽  
Novel Therapies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nociceptive Pathways ◽  
Pain Pathways ◽  
Technical Advances ◽  
The Brain

Pain is not a simple phenomenon and, beyond its conscious perception, involves circuitry that allows the brain to provide an affective context for nociception, which can influence mood and memory. In the past decade, neurobiological techniques have been developed that allow investigators to elucidate the importance of particular groups of neurons in different aspects of the pain response, something that may have important translational implications for the development of novel therapies. Chemo- and optogenetics represent two of the most important technical advances of recent times for gaining understanding of physiological circuitry underlying complex behaviors. The use of these techniques for teasing out the role of neurons and glia in nociceptive pathways is a rapidly growing area of research. The major findings of studies focused on understanding circuitry involved in different aspects of nociception and pain are highlighted in this article. In addition, attention is drawn to the possibility of modification of chemo- and optogenetic techniques for use as potential therapies for treatment of chronic pain disorders in human patients.

scholarly journals PD-L1/PD-1 Axis in Multiple Myeloma Microenvironment and a Possible Link with CD38-Mediated Immune-Suppression

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Federica Costa ◽  
Valentina Marchica ◽  
Paola Storti ◽  
Fabio Malavasi ◽  
Nicola Giuliani
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Immune Suppression ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Myeloma Cell ◽  
Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Potential Use

The emerging role of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in MM immune-microenvironment has been highlighted by several studies. However, discordant data have been reported on PD-1/PD-L1 distribution within the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment of patients with monoclonal gammopathies. In addition, the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade as a therapeutic strategy to reverse myeloma immune suppression and inhibit myeloma cell survival still remains unknown. Recent data suggest that, among the potential mechanisms behind the lack of responsiveness or resistance to anti-PD-L1/PD-1 antibodies, the CD38 metabolic pathways involving the immune-suppressive factor, adenosine, could play an important role. This review summarizes the available data on PD-1/PD-L1 expression in patients with MM, reporting the main mechanisms of regulation of PD-1/PD-L1 axis. The possible link between the CD38 and PD-1/PD-L1 pathways is also reported, highlighting the rationale for the potential use of a combined therapeutic approach with CD38 blocking agents and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies in order to improve their anti-tumoral effect in MM patients.

scholarly journals A critical role of autocrine sonic hedgehog signaling in human CD138+ myeloma cell survival and drug resistance

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (13) ◽  
pp. 2061-2071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Liu ◽  
Jingda Xu ◽  
Jin He ◽  
Yuhuan Zheng ◽  
Haiyan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Sonic Hedgehog ◽  
Hedgehog Signaling ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Myeloma Cell ◽  
Sonic Hedgehog Signaling ◽  
Key Points

Key Points CD138+ MM cells are a major source of SHH. Autocrine SHH enhances MM drug resistance.

scholarly journals Physiology to the Pleiotropic Role of RNAs: Prospecting Novel Therapies

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Maria Chiara Maiuri ◽  
Daniela De Stefano ◽  
Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
Keyword(s):  
Novel Therapies

scholarly journals From Interconnection between Genes and Microenvironment to Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches in Upper Gastro-Intestinal Cancers—A Multidisciplinary Perspective

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2105
Author(s):  
Giulia Accordino ◽  
Sara Lettieri ◽  
Chandra Bortolotto ◽  
Silvia Benvenuti ◽  
Anna Gallotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unmet Need ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Novel Therapies ◽  
Car T ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Multidisciplinary Perspective

Despite the progress during the last decade, patients with advanced gastric and esophageal cancers still have poor prognosis. Finding optimal therapeutic strategies represents an unmet need in this field. Several prognostic and predictive factors have been evaluated and may guide clinicians in choosing a tailored treatment. Data from large studies investigating the role of immunotherapy in gastrointestinal cancers are promising but further investigations are necessary to better select those patients who can mostly benefit from these novel therapies. This review will focus on the treatment of metastatic esophageal and gastric cancer. We will review the standard of care and the role of novel therapies such as immunotherapies and CAR-T. Moreover, we will focus on the analysis of potential predictive biomarkers such as Modify as: Microsatellite Instability (MSI) and PD-L1, which may lead to treatment personalization and improved treatment outcomes. A multidisciplinary point of view is mandatory to generate an integrated approach to properly exploit these novel antiproliferative agents.

scholarly journals Hierarchy for targeting prosurvival BCL2 family proteins in multiple myeloma: pivotal role of MCL1

Blood ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (14) ◽  
pp. 1834-1844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Nan Gong ◽  
Tiffany Khong ◽  
David Segal ◽  
Yuan Yao ◽  
Chris D. Riffkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Myeloma Cell ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Bcl2 Family ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Low Passage ◽  
Bh3 Mimetic

Key Points Only a minority of myeloma cell lines are killed when the prosurvival BCL2 or BCLXL are selectively inhibited with BH3 mimetic compounds. In contrast, targeting MCL1 readily killed ∼70% of the myeloma cell lines tested, including both low-passage and well-established ones.

scholarly journals NK cells and CD38: Implication for (Immuno)Therapy in Plasma Cell Dyscrasias

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Zambello ◽  
Gregorio Barilà ◽  
Sabrina Manni ◽  
Francesco Piazza ◽  
Gianpietro Semenzato
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Plasma Cell ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Myeloma Cell ◽  
Initial Reduction ◽  
Plasma Cell Dyscrasias

Immunotherapy represents a promising new avenue for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) patients, particularly with the availability of Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs) as anti-CD38 Daratumumab and Isatuximab and anti-SLAM-F7 Elotuzumab. Although a clear NK activation has been demonstrated for Elotuzumab, the effect of anti-CD38 mAbs on NK system is controversial. As a matter of fact, an initial reduction of NK cells number characterizes Daratumumab therapy, limiting the potential role of this subset on myeloma immunotherapy. In this paper we discuss the role of NK cells along with anti-CD38 therapy and their implication in plasma cell dyscrasias, showing that mechanisms triggered by anti-CD38 mAbs ultimately lead to the activation of the immune system against myeloma cell growth.

scholarly journals 410 The role of NK cells in WASp related cancer and eczema: Studies on the pathogenesis and possible novel therapies

2016 ◽  
Vol 136 (9) ◽  
pp. S230
Author(s):  
H. Brauner ◽  
J. Kritikou ◽  
C. Dahlberg ◽  
M. Baptista ◽  
A. Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nk Cells ◽  
Novel Therapies
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