Nanoscale analysis of the effects of antibiotics and CX1 on a Pseudomonas aeruginosa multidrug-resistant strain

The aim of this study was to compare the inhibitory effect of antibiotic combinations in vitro with efficacy in Galleria mellonella larvae in vivo to identify efficacious combinations that target Pseudomonas aeruginosa. P. aeruginosa NCTC 13437, a multidrug-resistant strain resistant to β-lactams and aminoglycosides, was used. Susceptibility to cefotaxime, piperacillin, meropenem, amikacin, levofloxacin and colistin alone, or in dual or triple combinations, was measured in vitro via a 24 h time-kill assay. In vitro results were then compared with the efficacy of the same dual or triple antibiotic combinations versus G. mellonella larvae infected with P. aeruginosa. G. mellonella haemolymph burden of P. aeruginosa was determined over 96 h post-infection and treatment with the most potent combination therapies. Many dual and triple combinations of antibiotics displayed synergistic inhibition of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa in vitro. There was little correlation between combinations that were synergistic in vitro and those that showed enhanced efficacy in vivo versus infected G. mellonella larvae. The most potent dual and triple combinations in vivo were cefotaxime plus piperacillin, and meropenem plus piperacillin and amikacin, respectively. Fewer combinations were found to offer enhanced therapeutic benefit in vivo compared with in vitro. The therapeutic benefit arising from treatment with antibiotic combinations in vivo correlated with reduced larval burden of P. aeruginosa. This study has identified antibiotic combinations that merit further investigation for their clinical potential and has demonstrated the utility of using G. mellonella to screen for novel antibiotic treatments that demonstrate efficacy in vivo.

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Draft Genome Sequence of the Multidrug-Resistant Strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA291, Isolated from Cystic Fibrosis Sputum

Microbiology Resource Announcements ◽

10.1128/mra.00572-21 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (36) ◽

Author(s):

Tiffany Luong ◽

Ashley Schumann ◽

Douglas Conrad ◽

Dwayne Roach

Keyword(s):

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Genome Sequence ◽

Resistant Strain ◽

De Novo ◽

Draft Genome ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Content Type ◽

Cystic Fibrosis Sputum ◽

Multidrug Resistant Strain

Here, we report the genome sequence of PA291, a nonmucoid, multidrug-resistant strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from cystic fibrosis sputum. Short reads were de novo assembled into 190 contigs and scaffold assembled to a length of 6.26 Mbp. PhiSpy predicts that PA291 is free of prophages.

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Efficacy of High-dose Nebulized Colistin in Ventilator-associated Pneumonia Caused by Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii

Anesthesiology ◽

10.1097/aln.0b013e31827515de ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 117 (6) ◽

pp. 1335-1347 ◽

Cited By ~ 107

Author(s):

Qin Lu ◽

Rubin Luo ◽

Liliane Bodin ◽

Jianxin Yang ◽

Noël Zahr ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Resistant Strain ◽

Clinical Cure ◽

Clinical Cure Rate ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

High Dose ◽

Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽

Cure Rate ◽

Strain Group ◽

Multidrug Resistant Strain

Background Colistin often remains the only active agent against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. The aim of the study was to assess efficacy of nebulized colistin for treating ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) caused by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. Methods One hundred and sixty-five patients with VAP caused by P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii were enrolled in a prospective, observational, and comparative study. The sensitive strain group included 122 patients with VAP caused by P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii susceptible to β-lactams, aminoglycosides, or quinolones and treated with intravenous antibiotics for 14 days. The multidrug-resistant strain group included 43 patients with VAP caused by multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii and treated with nebulized colistin (5 million international units every 8 h) either in monotherapy (n=28) or combined to a 3-day intravenous aminoglycosides for 7-19 days. The primary endpoint was clinical cure rate. Aerosol was delivered using vibrating plate nebulizer. Results After treatment, clinical cure rate was 66% in sensitive strain group and 67% in multidrug-resistant strain group (difference -1%, lower limit of 95% CI for difference -12.6%). Mortality was not different between groups (23 vs. 16%). Among 16 patients with persisting or recurrent P. aeruginosa infection, colistin minimum inhibitory concentration increased in two patients. Conclusion Nebulization of high-dose colistin was effective to treat VAP caused by multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa or A. baumannii. Its therapeutic effect was noninferior to intravenous β-lactams associated with aminoglycosides or quinolones for treating VAP caused by susceptible P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii.

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IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ROOT EXTRACT OF CLITORIA TERNATEA

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i11.19992 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 52

Author(s):

Amita Shobha Rao ◽

Shobha Kl ◽

Prathibha Md’almeida ◽

Kiranmai S Rai

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Resistant Strain ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Root Extract ◽

Alcoholic Extract ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Gram Negative ◽

E Coli ◽

Multidrug Resistant Strain

Objective: Infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria are important causes of morbidity and mortality. Extracts of plants and herbs such as Clitorea ternatea are used as diuretic. This work attempts to find out antimicrobial activity of aqueous and alcoholic extract of C. ternatea roots against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), clinical strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Candida albicans.Methods: The agar well-diffusion method was done using Mueller Hinton agar and Sabouraud’s dextrose agar. The microorganism grown in peptone water was inoculated into culture medium. 4 mm diameter well punched into the agar was filled with 20 μl of aqueous and alcoholic root extracts C. ternatea extracts in various concentrations (100-25 μg/ml). The plates were incubated and antimicrobial activity was evaluated.Results: Aqueous root extract of C. ternatea with the concentration of 100 μg/ml showed zone of inhibition against E. coli (ATCC 25922) 18 mm, P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) 14 mm, multidrug resistant strain of K. pneumoniae 15 mm. Alcoholic extract of C. ternatea with the concentration of 100 μg/ml showed zone of inhibition of 35 mm against E. coli (ATCC 25922), P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) 22 mm, and multidrug resistant strain of K. pneumoniae 28 mm. C. albicanswas resistant to both extract of C. ternatea root. Conclusions: Alcoholic extract of C. ternatea is a better antibacterial agent against multidrug resistant Klebsiella species and other Gram-negative pathogens. Further, studies are required to identify active substances from the alcoholic extracts of C. ternatea for treating infections.

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Complete Genome Sequence of Multidrug-Resistant Strain Nocardia wallacei FMUON74, Isolated from a Sputum Culture

Microbiology Resource Announcements ◽

10.1128/mra.01022-20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (47) ◽

Author(s):

Masahiro Toyokawa ◽

Makoto Taniguchi ◽

Kazuma Uesaka ◽

Keiko Nishimura

Keyword(s):

Genome Sequence ◽

Complete Genome Sequence ◽

Resistant Strain ◽

Complete Genome ◽

Hybrid Approach ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Content Type ◽

Short Read Sequencing ◽

Long Read ◽

Multidrug Resistant Strain

ABSTRACT Nocardia wallacei is one of the members of the N. transvalensis complex which possess a highly unique susceptibility pattern. Here, we describe the closed complete genome sequence of the multidrug-resistant strain N. wallacei FMUON74, which was obtained using a hybrid approach combining Nanopore long-read sequencing and Illumina and DNBseq short-read sequencing.

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Selection of Medicinal Plants Suppressing Growth of Multidrug-Resistant Strain of Tuberculosis Causative Agent

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology ◽

10.52711/0974-360x.2021.00374 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 2115-2118

Author(s):

Irina Alexandrovna Ratnikova ◽

Amankeldi Kurbanovich Sadanov ◽

Nina Nicolaevna Gavrilova ◽

Saltanat Emilkyzy Orazymbet ◽

Raushan Zhumabekkyzy Kaptagai

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Causative Agent ◽

Resistant Strain ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Alcohol Extract ◽

Selection Of ◽

Multidrug Resistant Strain

The article describes selection of medicinal plants active against multidrug-resistant strain of tuberculosis causative agent. It has been discovered that all tested extracts of medicinal plants in 1:20 dilutions were active regarding multidrug-resistant strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis T-320 except for hackberry aqueous extract. The most active was alcohol extract of parmelia, which completely suppressed growth of mycobacteria in 1:100 dilution on the 21st day of cultivation.

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Draft Genome Sequence of an Unusually Multidrug-Resistant Strain of Achromobacter xylosoxidans from a Blood Isolate

Microbiology Resource Announcements ◽

10.1128/mra.00194-20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (22) ◽

Author(s):

Hosoon Choi ◽

Chetan Jinadatha ◽

Piyali Chatterjee ◽

Yonhui Allton ◽

Dhammika H. Navarathna

Keyword(s):

Genome Sequence ◽

Resistant Strain ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽

Draft Genome ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Draft Genome Sequence ◽

Achromobacter Xylosoxidans ◽

Blood Isolate ◽

Content Type ◽

Multidrug Resistant Strain

ABSTRACT Achromobacter xylosoxidans strain DN2019 was isolated from blood of a septicemia patient. We describe the draft genome and antibiotic susceptibility of this strain.

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