Mitigating methane emission from paddy soil with rice-straw biochar amendment under projected climate change

Cadmium contamination in rice fields near zinc mines in Mae Sot District, Tak Province has been a persistent problem for decades. The contamination covers a vast area, making several soil remediation methods, such as soil washing or excavation impractical. Phytoremediation would also take several years and interfere with farming. However, there are recent reports on the potential of biochar in cadmium stabilization which resulted in reduced cadmium uptake by rice. Therefore, in this study, several biomaterials were investigated to produce the most suitable biochar for cadmium stabilization in paddy soil in Mae Sot. Rice husk, rice straw and bagasse were selected because of their availability in Mae Sot. Cadmium adsorption efficacy of biochar made from these biomaterials were analyzed using the adsorption isotherm. The results showed that cadmium adsorption by biochar from bagasse, rice husk, and rice straw were in accordance with Freundlich adsorption isotherm equation. By comparing the distribution coefficient, the adsorption efficacy of the biochar was ranked as rice straw> bagasse> rice husk. Therefore, rice straw biochar, which had the highest cadmium adsorption efficacy, was selected for stabilization experiments. After 30 days of incubating contaminated soil with rice straw biochar, the amount of extractable Cd using CaCl2 and EDTA were reduced significantly. The optimal application rate of rice straw biochar was 5% with the incubation period of 20 days. This warrants the next phase of this study which will be conducted in the field experiments in Mae Sot.

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Mitigating methane emission via annual biochar amendment pyrolyzed with rice straw from the same paddy field

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141351 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 746 ◽

pp. 141351

Author(s):

Qiong Nan ◽

Cheng Wang ◽

Hao Wang ◽

Qianqian Yi ◽

Weixiang Wu

Keyword(s):

Rice Straw ◽

Methane Emission ◽

Paddy Field ◽

Biochar Amendment

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Rice straw biochar mitigates N2O emissions under alternate wetting and drying conditions in paddy soil

Journal of Saudi Chemical Society ◽

10.1016/j.jscs.2020.11.005 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 101172

Author(s):

Muhammad Aamer ◽

Muhammad Umair Hassan ◽

Muhammad Shaaban ◽

Fahd Rasul ◽

Tang Haiying ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rice Straw ◽

Paddy Soil ◽

N2o Emissions ◽

Wetting And Drying ◽

Alternate Wetting And Drying ◽

Rice Straw Biochar ◽

Drying Conditions

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Rice straw application with different water regimes stimulate enzymes activity and improve aggregates and their organic carbon contents in a paddy soil

Chemosphere ◽

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129971 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 274 ◽

pp. 129971

Author(s):

Ibrahim Mohamed ◽

Mohamed A. Bassouny ◽

Mohamed H.H. Abbas ◽

Zhan Ming ◽

Cao Cougui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Paddy Soil ◽

Water Regimes ◽

Enzymes Activity ◽

Straw Application

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Immobilization of heavy metal(loid)s in acid paddy soil by soil replacement-biochar amendment technology under normal wet condition

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-021-14757-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shaojun Jiang ◽

Lianxin Duan ◽

Guangling Dai ◽

Yuehong Shu

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Paddy Soil ◽

Wet Condition ◽

Biochar Amendment

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Effects of Short-Term Rice Straw Return on the Soil Microbial Community

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11060561 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 561

Author(s):

Enze Wang ◽

Xiaolong Lin ◽

Lei Tian ◽

Xinguang Wang ◽

Li Ji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Paddy Soil ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Short Term ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Microbial Network ◽

Straw Return ◽

Bacteria And Fungi ◽

Main Factor

Rice straw is a byproduct of agricultural production and an important agricultural resource. However, rice straw has not yet been effectively used, and incorrect treatment methods (such as burning in the field) can cause serious damage to the environment. Studies have shown that straw returning is beneficial to soil, but there have been few studies focused on the effect of the amount of short-term straw returned on the soil microbial community. This study evaluates 0%, 50%, 75%, and 100% rice straw returned to the field on whether returning different amounts of straw in the short term would affect the diversity and composition of the soil microbial community and the correlation between bacteria and fungi. The results show that the amount of straw returned to the field is the main factor that triggers the changes in the abundance and composition of the microbial community in the paddy soil. A small amount of added straw (≤ 50% straw added) mainly affects the composition of the bacterial community, while a larger amount of added straw (> 50% straw added) mainly affects the composition of the fungal community. Returning a large amount of straw increases the microbial abundance related to carbon and iron cycles in the paddy soil, thus promoting the carbon and iron cycle processes to a certain extent. In addition, network analysis shows that returning a large amount of straw also increases the complexity of the microbial network, which may encourage more microbes to be niche-sharing and comprehensively improve the ecological environment of paddy soil. This study may provide some useful guidance for rice straw returning in northeast China.

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Adsorption characteristics of modified rice straw biochar for Zn and in-situ remediation of Zn contaminated soil

Environmental Technology & Innovation ◽

10.1016/j.eti.2021.101388 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

pp. 101388

Author(s):

Shichao Liu ◽

Zhonglei Xie ◽

Yintao Zhu ◽

Yanmiao Zhu ◽

Yan Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rice Straw ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

In Situ Remediation ◽

Adsorption Characteristics ◽

Rice Straw Biochar

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Effects of straw incorporation on Rhizoctonia solani inoculum in paddy soil and rice sheath blight severity

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s002185961300035x ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 152 (5) ◽

pp. 741-748 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H. ZHU ◽

Z. X. WANG ◽

X. M. LUO ◽

J. X. SONG ◽

B. HUANG

Keyword(s):

Rhizoctonia Solani ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Paddy Soil ◽

Sheath Blight ◽

Soil Productivity ◽

Rice Sheath Blight ◽

Important Method ◽

Pathogen Dynamics ◽

Straw Incorporation

SUMMARYIncorporation of rice straw into soil has traditionally been an important method of recycling nutrients and improving soil productivity. Currently, although the effects of straw incorporation on disease severity have been documented, the dynamics of the pathogen in soil after straw incorporation are poorly understood. In the present study, rice straw with various proportions of diseased straw was incorporated at three separate locations (SuPu town, SuSong County and FengYang County) in Anhui province, China. The pathogen dynamics in paddy soil and disease severity of sheath blight during two continuous years from April 2010 to April 2012 were investigated. For all three locations, the amount of pathogen inoculum that persisted in the soil increased with increases in the proportion of diseased straw incorporated. Incorporation of 0·3 and 0·5 diseased straw into soil increased the amount of pathogen inoculum in the soil significantly, whereas incorporation of 0·1 diseased straw into soil had no significant effect on the pathogen inoculum compared with the control (no straw incorporated) or disease severity. Incorporation of healthy rice straw (no disease) resulted in a significant decrease in disease severity, whereas proportions of 0·3 and 0·5 diseased straw resulted in a significant increase of disease severity compared with the control. These results suggested that incorporation of diseased straw enhanced pathogen numbers in soil during the whole decomposition period and increased disease severity. To avoid soil-borne disease accumulation, severely diseased straw should be removed from the field or pre-treated before incorporation.

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