scholarly journals Controlling the thermoelectric properties of polymers: application to PEDOT and polypyrrole

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 15140-15145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Culebras ◽  
Belén Uriol ◽  
Clara M. Gómez ◽  
Andrés Cantarero
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Thermoelectric Properties ◽  
Electronic States ◽  
Polypyrrole Films ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Electrode Cell

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and polypyrrole films have been prepared electrochemically in a three electrode cell. The films have been obtained at different oxidation levels (bipolaron, polaron and neutral states) by varying the voltage. Fig. (a) and (b) correspond to the cyclic voltammetry of the films, while (c) is a scheme of the electronic states as a function of the oxidation/reduction level.

Preparation of Polypyrrole Films Doped with Phosphomolybdic Acid in ScCO2/Water Emulsion

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 1085-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Yan ◽  
Zhang Lin Li ◽  
Fei Fei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Phosphomolybdic Acid ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Reduction Behavior ◽  
Polypyrrole Films ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Bulk Electrolysis ◽  
Voltammetry Methods ◽  
Conventional Systems ◽  
Better Than

In this paper, polypyrrole films doped with phosphomolybdic acid was prepared by bulk electrolysis with coulometry in the ScCO2/Water emulsion system. The films were characterized by Raman and cyclic voltammetry methods. The polypyrrole structure was detected by Raman spectrum. And a stable oxidation-reduction behavior with three groups of peaks attributed to the phosphomolybdic acid doped in polypyrrole was established in the cyclic voltammetry curves. Moreover, the peak current was much better than that of the films prepared in conventional systems under constant pressure without the existence of ScCO2.

scholarly journals Electro-deposition and re-oxidation of carbon in carbonate-containing molten salts

2014 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 105-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Happiness V. Ijije ◽  
Richard C. Lawrence ◽  
Nancy J. Siambun ◽  
Sang Mun Jeong ◽  
Daniel A. Jewell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
Carbon Deposition ◽  
Solid Carbon ◽  
Partial Reduction ◽  
Constant Voltage ◽  
Electro Deposition ◽  
Electrode Reactions ◽  
Electrode Cell ◽  
Potential Applications

The electrochemical deposition and re-oxidation of solid carbon were studied in CO32− ion-containing molten salts (e.g. CaCl2–CaCO3–LiCl–KCl and Li2CO3–K2CO3) at temperatures between 500 and 800 °C under Ar, CO2 or N2–CO2 atmospheres. The electrode reactions were investigated by thermodynamic analysis, cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry in a three-electrode cell under various conditions. The findings suggest that the electro-reduction of CO32− is dominated by carbon deposition on all three tested working electrodes (Ni, Pt and mild steel), but partial reduction to CO can also occur. Electro-re-oxidation of the deposited carbon in the same molten salts was investigated for potential applications in, for example, direct carbon fuel cells. A brief energy and cost analysis is given based on results from constant voltage electrolysis in a two-electrode cell.

Formation and modification of polypyrrole films on platinum electrodes by cyclic voltammetry and anodic polarization

Polymer ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.F. Otero ◽  
R. Tejada ◽  
A.S. Elola
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Anodic Polarization ◽  
Platinum Electrodes ◽  
Polypyrrole Films

Electrochemical Treatment of Graphene

2019 ◽  
Vol 799 ◽  
pp. 197-202
Author(s):  
Alexander Usikov ◽  
Mike Puzyk ◽  
Sergey Novikov ◽  
Iosif Barash ◽  
Oleg Medvedev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Partial Oxidation ◽  
Electrochemical Method ◽  
Counter Electrode ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Complete Dissolution ◽  
Graphene Films ◽  
Working Electrode ◽  
Electrode Cell

Treatment of graphene/SiC dies in inorganic electrolytes (KOH, KCl and Na2SO4) is discussed. An electrochemical method based on the cyclic voltammetry in a conventional three-electrode cell with Ag/AgCl reference electrode, a platinum counter electrode, and the graphene/SiC dies as working electrode (anode) is used for the treatment. It was observed either partial oxidation of graphene or its complete dissolution with the formation of CO2. The treatment performed resulted in the deterioration of the graphene films and change of the graphene-die resistivity depending on the range of the scanning potential applied to the graphene/SiC dies.

scholarly journals Electrochromic Self-Electrostabilized Polypyrrole Films Doped with Surfactant and Azo Dye

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayat ◽  
Izadan ◽  
Molina ◽  
Sánchez ◽  
Santiago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Step Potential ◽  
Polypyrrole Films ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Redox Capacity ◽  
Pyrrole Monomer ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Sds Surfactant

Two azo dyes, acid red 1 (AR1) and acid red 18 (AR18), were used alone or in combination with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) for the electropolymerization of a pyrrole monomer. Polypyrrole (PPy) showed higher redox capacity when SDS and AR18 were used simultaneously as dopant agents (PPy/AR18-SDS) than when the conducting polymer was produced in the presence of SDS, AR18, AR1, or an AR1/SDS mixture. Moreover, PPy/AR18-SDS is a self-stabilizing material that exhibits increasing electrochemical activity with the number of oxidation–reduction cycles. A mechanism supported by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction structural observations was proposed to explain the synergy between the SDS surfactant and the AR18 dye. On the other hand, the Bordeaux red color of PPy/AR18-SDS, which exhibits an optical band gap of 1.9 eV, rapidly changed to orange-yellow and blue colors when films were reduced and oxidized, respectively, by applying linear or step potential ramps. Overall, the results indicate that the synergistic utilization of AR18 and SDS as dopant agents in the same polymerization reaction is a very successful and advantageous strategy for the preparation of PPy films with cutting-edge electrochemical and electrochromic properties.

Thermoelectric properties of the molten bismuth-bismuth halide oxidation-reduction thermocells

1967 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 2434-2438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan D. Kellner
Keyword(s):  
Thermoelectric Properties ◽  
Oxidation Reduction

Ion–polymer interactions in polypyrrole films

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 1518-1522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoming Ren ◽  
Peter G. Pickup
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Ionic Conductivities ◽  
Impedance Measurements ◽  
Polypyrrole Films ◽  
Electrochemically Deposited ◽  
Polymer Interactions ◽  
Deposited Films ◽  
Electrolyte Effects

Formal potentials from cyclic voltammetry and ionic conductivities from impedance measurements are used to probe anion–polymer interactions in electrochemically deposited films of polypyrrole. Hard anions (F−, Cl−, ClO4−) stabilize the oxidized form of the polymer more than soft anions (I−, SCN−). Anions of weak acids (F− and CN−) interact with the polymer particularly strongly and exhibit anomalously low mobilities. Hydrogen bonding with the N-H groups of oxidized polypyrrole is proposed. Keywords: conducting polymer, polypyrrole, impedance, ion transport, electrolyte effects, ion exchange.

Radical non-radical states of the [Ru(PIQ)] core in complexes (PIQ = 9,10-phenanthreneiminoquinone)

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (19) ◽  
pp. 8236-8247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachinath Bera ◽  
Suvendu Maity ◽  
Thomas Weyhermüller ◽  
Prasanta Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Dft Calculations ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Electronic States ◽  
Epr Spectra ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structure Determinations

The electronic states of types [RuII(PIQ˙−)], [RuIII(PIQ˙−)], [RuIII2(PIQ˙−)2], [RuIII2(PIQ˙−)(PIQ)] and [RuIII(PIQ)] (PIQ = 9,10-phenanthreneiminoquinone) were substantiated by the single crystal X-ray structure determinations, EPR spectra, cyclic voltammetry, DFT calculations and compared with those of 9,10-phenanthrenequinone (PQ) analogues.

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