Biodegradable and conductive chitosan–graphene quantum dot nanocomposite microneedles for delivery of both small and large molecular weight therapeutics

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (64) ◽  
pp. 51934-51946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Justin ◽  
Sabiniano Román ◽  
Dexin Chen ◽  
Ke Tao ◽  
Xiangshuai Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Quantum Dot ◽  
Transdermal Delivery ◽  
Graphene Quantum Dot ◽  
Large Molecular Weight ◽  
Microneedle Arrays

Chitosan–graphene quantum dot nanocomposites are used in microneedle arrays for transdermal delivery of small and large molecular weight drugs.

scholarly journals Multifunctional chitosan–magnetic graphene quantum dot nanocomposites for the release of therapeutics from detachable and non-detachable biodegradable microneedle arrays

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 20170055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Justin ◽  
Biqiong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Quantum Dot ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Drug Release Profile ◽  
Graphene Quantum Dot ◽  
Magnetic Graphene ◽  
Large Molecular Weight ◽  
Microneedle Arrays ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Array Performance

Biodegradable chitosan–magnetic graphene quantum dot (MGQD) nanocomposites were prepared and investigated for the release of small and large molecular weight (MWt) therapeutics from detachable and non-detachable biodegradable microneedle arrays. The presence of MGQDs in chitosan increased the electrical conductivity and biodegradation rate of chitosan while maintaining its mechanical properties. The detachable microneedle arrays were created by including a water-soluble ring of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) at the base of the microneedle, which enabled the rapid detachment of the microneedle shaft from the base. The PEG ring did not impede the microneedle array performance, with mechanical properties and a drug release profile of low MWt lidocaine hydrochloride similar to microneedle arrays without the ring. Without the PEG ring, the chitosan–MGQD microneedles were electrically conductive and allowed for electrically stimulated release of large MWt therapeutics which was challenging without the stimulation. These results demonstrate that chitosan nanocomposites containing MGQDs with intrinsic photoluminescent and supermagnetic properties are promising materials for developing multifunctional microneedles for targeted and tracked transdermal drug delivery.

Modelling transdermal delivery of high molecular weight drugs from microneedle systems

2007 ◽  
Vol 365 (1861) ◽  
pp. 2951-2967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barrak Al-Qallaf ◽  
Diganta Bhusan Das ◽  
Daisuke Mori ◽  
Zhanfeng Cui
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Transdermal Delivery ◽  
Drug Transport ◽  
Functional Dependence ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Drug Permeability ◽  
Transport Behaviour ◽  
Microneedle Arrays

In the past few years, a number of microneedle designs have been proposed for transdermal drug delivery of high molecular weight drugs. However, most of them do not increase the drug permeability in skin significantly. In other cases, designs developed based on certain criteria (e.g. strength of the microneedles) have failed to meet other criteria (e.g. drug permeability in skin, throughputs of the drugs, etc.). It is obvious therefore that in order to determine the ‘optimum’ design of these microneedles, the effect of different factors (e.g. length of the microneedle, surface area of the patch, etc.) along with various transport properties of drug transport behaviour using microneedles should be determined accurately. Appropriate mathematical models for drug transport from these systems into skin have the potential to resolve some of these issues. To address this, a parametric analysis for transdermal delivery of a high molecular weight drug from a microneedle is presented in this paper. The simulations have allowed us to identify the significance of various factors that influence the drug delivery while designing microneedle arrays. A scaling analysis is also done which shows the functional dependence of drug concentration on other variables of skin and microneedle arrays.

scholarly journals Design and physicochemical characterisation of novel dissolving polymeric microneedle arrays for transdermal delivery of high dose, low molecular weight drugs

2014 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 71-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maelíosa T.C. McCrudden ◽  
Ahlam Zaid Alkilani ◽  
Cian M. McCrudden ◽  
Emma McAlister ◽  
Helen O. McCarthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Transdermal Delivery ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Microneedle Arrays ◽  
Physicochemical Characterisation

The External Shape of Human γ GI Immunoglobulin from Crystal Sections

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 428-429
Author(s):  
L. W. Labaw
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Sodium Phosphate ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Monoclinic Space Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Large Molecular Weight ◽  
Cell Dimensions ◽  
Unit Cell Dimensions ◽  
Crystallographic Axes

Crystals of a human γGl immunoglobulin have the external morphology of diamond shaped prisms. X-ray studies have shown them to be monoclinic, space group C2, with 2 molecules per unit cell. The unit cell dimensions are a = 194.1, b = 91.7, c = 51.6Å, 8 = 102°. The relatively large molecular weight of 151,000 and these unit cell dimensions made this a promising crystal to study in the EM.Crystals similar to those used in the x-ray studies were fixed at 5°C for three weeks in a solution of mother liquor containing 5 x 10-5M sodium phosphate, pH 7.0, and 0.03% glutaraldehyde. They were postfixed with 1% osmium tetroxide for 15 min. and embedded in Maraglas the usual way. Sections were cut perpendicular to the three crystallographic axes. Such a section cut with its plane perpendicular to the z direction is shown in Fig. 1.This projection of the crystal in the z direction shows periodicities in at least four different directions but these are only seen clearly by sighting obliquely along the micrograph.

NiAg-graphene quantum dot-graphene hybrid with high oxidase-like catalytic activity for sensitive colorimetric detection of malathion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Dan ◽  
Ruiyi Li ◽  
Qinsheng Wang ◽  
Yongqiang Yang ◽  
Haiyan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Quantum Dot ◽  
Colorimetric Detection ◽  
Graphene Quantum Dots ◽  
Functionalized Graphene ◽  
Graphene Quantum Dot ◽  
Nickel Silver

The paper reports the synthesis of nickel-silver-graphene quantum dot-graphene hybrid. Histidine-functionalized graphene quantum dots (His-GQDs) were bonded to graphene oxide (GO) and then combined with Ni2+ and Ag+ to form...

scholarly journals Microneedle Arrays Combined with Nanomedicine Approaches for Transdermal Delivery of Therapeutics

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Vahid Alimardani ◽  
Samira Sadat Abolmaali ◽  
Gholamhossein Yousefi ◽  
Zahra Rahiminezhad ◽  
Mehdi Abedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Transdermal Delivery ◽  
Transdermal Drug Delivery ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Skin Penetration ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Microneedle Array ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Microneedle Arrays

Organic and inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) have shown promising outcomes in transdermal drug delivery. NPs can not only enhance the skin penetration of small/biomacromolecule therapeutic agents but can also impart control over drug release or target impaired tissue. Thanks to their unique optical, photothermal, and superparamagnetic features, NPs have been also utilized for the treatment of skin disorders, imaging, and biosensing applications. Despite the widespread transdermal applications of NPs, their delivery across the stratum corneum, which is the main skin barrier, has remained challenging. Microneedle array (MN) technology has recently revealed promising outcomes in the delivery of various formulations, especially NPs to deliver both hydrophilic and hydrophobic therapeutic agents. The present work reviews the advancements in the application of MNs and NPs for an effective transdermal delivery of a wide range of therapeutics in cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy, photothermal and photodynamic therapy, peptide/protein vaccination, and the gene therapy of various diseases. In addition, this paper provides an overall insight on MNs’ challenges and summarizes the recent achievements in clinical trials with future outlooks on the transdermal delivery of a wide range of nanomedicines.

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