Single-stage PN/A technology treating saline ammonia-rich wastewater: finding the balance between efficient performance and less N2O and NO emissions

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (114) ◽  
pp. 113152-113162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Yan ◽  
Yayi Wang ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Ximao Lin ◽  
Min Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Stage ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Elevated Salinity ◽  
Efficient Performance ◽  
First Time ◽  
No Emissions

N2O emission from a one-stage PN/A process was studied for the first time with elevated salinity.

5 The Judiciary under Siege: The 1988 Crisis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee HP
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Legal History ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Survival ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
One Stage ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Political Dimensions ◽  
First Time

This chapter explores the constitutional and political dimensions of the crisis that rocked the Malaysian judiciary in 1988. For the first time in Malaysian legal history, the highest judicial officer in the land was suspended and, after an inquiry to determine whether he should be removed for alleged misbehaviour, was subsequently removed. Following this unprecedented development, two other senior judges of the Supreme Court were also removed from office after an inquiry by a second tribunal. The political dimension cannot be divorced from the constitutional dimension because the legal and constitutional manoeuvrings were consonant with political skirmishes that involved, at one stage, the political survival of Prime Minister Mahathir.

Results at 10–24 years after single-stage revision arthroplasty of infected total hip arthroplasty in patients under 45 years of age

2019 ◽  
pp. 112070001988887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Wolff ◽  
Christian Lausmann ◽  
Thorsten Gehrke ◽  
Akos Zahar ◽  
Malte Ohlmeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Revision Surgery ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Harris Hip Score ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
One Stage ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: The management of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) of the hip is a challenging procedure. One-stage exchange is carried out in specialist centres with comparable infection free survival rates. However, there is a paucity of long-term results of this approach in young patients. Methods: All patients undergoing one-stage exchange due to PJI with a known causative organism ⩽45 years of age with a minimum of 10-year follow-up (mean 15 years; range 10–24 years) were enrolled in this retrospective study. Patients older than 45 years of age or patients with a two-stage procedure were excluded from the study. The primary outcome measure was failure rate with special focus on reinfection at latest follow-up. Failure was defined as revision surgery for infection. Furthermore, functional outcome using the Harris Hip Score was determined initially and at latest follow-up. 26 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were available for final follow-up. Results: The study cohort consists of 16 male and 10 female patients with a mean age of 36.8 years (range 20–45 years) and a mean BMI of 29.8 kg/m2 (range 20.7–40.6 kg/m2). Prior to the single-stage procedure, the patients underwent an average of 3.1 previous surgical interventions (range 1–9). The mean hospital stay after septic revision was 19.7 days (11–33 days). Most infections were caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis ( n = 8, 30.8%), followed by Staph. aureus ( n = 7, 26.9%) and Propionibacterium acnes ( n = 6, 23.1%). At latest follow-up, the overall survival rate was 76.9 %, while infection control could be achieved in 96.2%. At final examination, the mean Harris Hip Score improved from 46.2 to 78.9 (range 18.0–99; SD, 22.6). Conclusions: Single-stage revision surgery for the management of PJI in patients ⩽45 years is a successful treatment option with high infection control, even after long-term follow-up.

scholarly journals Occipitoaxial spinal interarticular stabilization with vertebral artery preservation for atlantal lateral mass failure

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Bobinski ◽  
Marc Levivier ◽  
John M. Duff
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Craniocervical Junction ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Lateral Mass ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Craniocervical Instability ◽  
Mass Failure ◽  
Titanium Cages ◽  
Mass Reconstruction

The treatment of craniocervical instability caused by diverse conditions remains challenging. Different techniques have been described to stabilize the craniocervical junction. The authors present 2 cases in which tumoral destruction of the C-1 lateral mass caused craniocervical instability. A one-stage occipitoaxial spinal interarticular stabilization (OASIS) technique with titanium cages and posterior occipitocervical instrumentation was used to reconstruct the C-1 lateral mass and stabilize the craniocervical junction. The ipsilateral vertebral artery was preserved. The OASIS technique offers single-stage tumor resection, C-1 lateral mass reconstruction, and stabilization with a loadsharing construct. It could be an option in the treatment of select cases of C-1 lateral mass failure.

Pediatric Cholesteatoma: An Individualized, Single-Stage Approach

1996 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon C. Parisier ◽  
Matthew B. Hanson ◽  
Jin C. Han ◽  
Adam J. Cohen ◽  
Bryan A. Selkin
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Canal Wall ◽  
Facial Nerve Injury ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Canal Wall Down ◽  
Pediatric Cholesteatoma

We report our experience with a one-stage surgery for pediatric cholesteatoma in 216 ears. Our technique is based on three main principles: (1) the surgery is individualized; (2) the goal of surgery is to completely remove cholesteatoma and related disease in one operation; and (3) the reconstruction is performed to provide both good hearing and a dry, trouble-free ear. The incidence of recidivism was 10.2%, and the rate achieved was 13.3% at 5 years and 24% at 10 years. Canal wall down surgery was the predominant procedure used. The incidence of intraoperative neurosensory hearing loss, vertigo, and facial nerve injury was extremely low. The postoperative cavity problems encountered were minimal.

scholarly journals Single-stage revision for the infected total knee arthroplasty

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 305-313
Author(s):  
Nima Razii ◽  
Juliet M. Clutton ◽  
Rahul Kakar ◽  
Rhidian Morgan-Jones
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Oxford Knee Score ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Revision Tka ◽  
Culture Negative

Aims Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Two-stage revision has traditionally been considered the gold standard of treatment for established infection, but increasing evidence is emerging in support of one-stage exchange for selected patients. The objective of this study was to determine the outcomes of single-stage revision TKA for PJI, with mid-term follow-up. Methods A total of 84 patients, with a mean age of 68 years (36 to 92), underwent single-stage revision TKA for confirmed PJI at a single institution between 2006 and 2016. In all, 37 patients (44%) were treated for an infected primary TKA, while the majority presented with infected revisions: 31 had undergone one previous revision (36.9%) and 16 had multiple prior revisions (19.1%). Contraindications to single-stage exchange included systemic sepsis, extensive bone or soft-tissue loss, extensor mechanism failure, or if primary wound closure was unlikely to be achievable. Patients were not excluded for culture-negative PJI or the presence of a sinus. Results Overall, 76 patients (90.5%) were infection-free at a mean follow-up of seven years, with eight reinfections (9.5%). Culture-negative PJI was not associated with a higher reinfection rate (p = 0.343). However, there was a significantly higher rate of recurrence in patients with polymicrobial infections (p = 0.003). The mean Oxford Knee Score (OKS) improved from 18.7 (SD 8.7) preoperatively to 33.8 (SD 9.7) at six months postoperatively (p < 0.001). The Kaplan-Meier implant survival rate for all causes of reoperation, including reinfection and aseptic failure, was 95.2% at one year (95% confidence interval (CI) 87.7 to 98.2), 83.5% at five years (95% CI 73.2 to 90.3), and 78.9% at 12 years (95% CI 66.8 to 87.2). Conclusion One-stage exchange, using a strict debridement protocol and multidisciplinary input, is an effective treatment option for the infected TKA. This is the largest single-surgeon series of consecutive cases reported to date, with broad inclusion criteria. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(5):305–313.

One Stage and Two Stage Vibration Isolators as Applied to High Speed Textile Spindles to Achieve Noise Reduction

1978 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. W. Foster
Keyword(s):  
Low Noise ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Sound Power ◽  
Octave Band ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Noise And Vibration ◽  
Vibration Isolators ◽  
One Stage ◽  
The Impact

The operation of ring spinning frames in textile mills can create spinning room noise levels of 90 to 95 dBA. The spindle bobbin mechanisms (generally 300 to 400 per machine) which are operated at spindle speeds of 6,000 to 14,000 rpm are major sources of noise in this type of machinery. The rotating unbalance force in the spindle-bobbin mechanism creates high frequency vibrations in the spindle blade and in the spindle bolster which contains the bearings on which the blade rotates. The vibrations generated by the spindle bobbin mechanism and the bearings are transmitted through the spindle bolster to the rail structure of the spinning frame where they cause sand energy to be radiated. This paper describes the use of two types of elastomeric vibration isolators located between the spindle bolster and the rail to achieve reductions of vibration and noise levels associated with the spindle-bobbin-rail subsystem of spinning frames. The two types of elastomeric isolators employed are: (1) a single-stage isolator where a bonded elastomeric mounting of annular design is placed between the bolster and the rail, and (2) a two-stage isolator which incorporates an annular intermediate mass element between two annular elastomeric sections that provide the interfaces to the spindle and to the rail. The two stage isolator is a novel design for rotating spindle type applications and employs the classical two stage isolator principle to achieve greater attenuation of vibrations. While it has been known for some time that single stage elastomeric isolators provide an effective means of reducing vibrations and noise in textile spinning and twisting machines, recent emphasis on reducing machine noise levels has motivated increased effort to better describe and apply elastomeric isolators. The two-stage isolator concept has been employed in an attempt to achieve higher operating speeds and, therefore, higher productivity while keeping noise levels within acceptable limits. In order to demonstrate the degrees of noise and vibration reductions that can be attained using the two types of isolators in comparison with the non-isolated or hard-mounted spindle, tests were performed using a single oil base type spinning spindle with a full bobbin. The spindle-bobbin mechanism was mounted to a representative rail by the three mounting methods described previously and operated at speeds of 11,000 rpm and 14,000 rpm in a reverberation room. Octave band sound power level measurements and one-tenth octave band sound pressure measurements were made to compare the performance of the mounting methods. These measurements were made using six microphones at different locations and sampling their output signals at a high rate over an extended interval of time. One-tenth octave horizontal and vertical rail acceleration responses were obtained concurrently with the noise responses. These noise and vibration responses are presented and discussed in the paper. The results show that the elastomeric isolators provide significant reductions in rail vibration response levels in the spindle bearing vibration frequency range of 500 to 2000 Hz. The corresponding overall sound power levels for the two operating speeds when using one stage isolators were 8 to 18 dBA below the hard-mounted spindle condition. When using the two-stage isolator, the overall sound power levels for the two operating speeds were 9 and 20 dBA below the hard mounted spindle condition. The results demonstrate the importance of properly designing the mounting to tune the system for low noise responses while minimizing the impact on other operatonal criteria such as spindle static deflection and dynamic motion. A discussion of the isolator design parameter trade-offs is presented along with comments regarding the limitations of the testing and the constraints involved in predicting the noise level reduction to be expected for a whole spinning frame.

scholarly journals Method for synthesis: The I.D.E.A. and C.I.D. methods

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (430-435) ◽  
pp. 131-139
Author(s):  
C. A. Doxiadis
Keyword(s):  
Proper Time ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Detroit Area ◽  
The Right ◽  
First Time

An extract from the article: "After defining the frame which prepares the stage of synthesis we have to establish the process by which we will proceed from one stage to another in order to: cover the whole area in the proper time period; cover all aspects of our problem at the right time and at the right scale and details; create as tightly knit a system of answers to our problems as possible. To achieve this we have developed the Isolation of Dimensions and Elimination of Alternatives (I.D.E.A.) Method, combined with the Continuously Increasing Dimensionality (C.I.D.) Method. This method had been under development for years, but was presented for the first time in 1966 when it was implemented in the study of the Developing Urban Detroit Area (UDA)."

Coiled Flow Inverter Mediated Synthesis of Activated Carbon Fibers-Supported Ni Nanoparticles

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amol Pophali ◽  
Rakshit Kajala ◽  
Haider Ali ◽  
Nishith Verma ◽  
K. D. P. Nigam
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Activated Carbon Fibers ◽  
Ni Nanoparticles ◽  
Stage Process ◽  
First Time ◽  
Supported Ni

NNi nanoparticles-dispersed activated carbon fibers (Ni/ACFs) were synthesized for the first time via a continuous flow single-stage process using coiled flow inverter (CFI) at ~30 oC. The process involved impregnation...

Cephalometric and Occlusal outcome in Adults with Unilateral Cleft Lip, Palate, and Alveolus after Two Different Surgical Techniques

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Gaggl ◽  
Matthias Feichtinger ◽  
Günter Schultes ◽  
Gert Santler ◽  
Margit Pichlmaier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Anterior Maxilla ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Cleft Lip Palate ◽  
The One ◽  
Molar Region

Objective To assess differences in the aesthetic and functional long-term results of one-stage and two-stage surgical and orthodontic treatment in patients with cleft lip, palate, and alveolus. Design Sixty adult patients who were operated on as children for unilateral cleft lip, palate, and alveolus were examined. In every patient the lip was closed using Tennison's technique. Thirty patients had soft and hard palate closure in two stages and 30 patients in a single stage. Lateral cephalometric and model analyses were conducted at a mean age of 18.4 years. Results In the model analysis, transverse narrowing was seen in all patients after two-stage operations and in three patients after one-stage operations. The deficit was more severe in the molar region in the two-stage group and nearly similar in the premolar and molar region in the one-stage group. A sagittal deficiency in the anterior maxilla was found in 26 patients after two-stage operations and in 16 patients after one-stage operations. In the lateral cephalometric analysis, the mean sella-nasion-point A angle in the one- and two-stage group was 78.2 degrees and 76.8 degrees, respectively. The ANB angle was normal in both groups. In both groups the inclination of the midface was low. There was a low posterior facial height. Minor scarring was seen in the single-stage group. Conclusion A more severe impairment of growth of the maxilla in the sagittal and frontal plane was observed after two-stage operations on the cleft palate.

II. The Receipt of the Exchequer, 1413–32

1938 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-54
Author(s):  
Anthony Steel
Keyword(s):  
Late Medieval ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Rough Approximation ◽  
Henry Vi ◽  
First Time

The object of this article is to carry one stage further an analysis which was begun elsewhere of the late medieval receipt rolls of the English exchequer. The technique of this analysis is essentially comparative; thus the first time it was used the two halves of Richard II's reign were compared with each other and with the whole of Henry IV's, while on the present occasion Henry V's reign of nine and a half years, producing nineteen complete rolls, will be compared with the first ten years and nineteen rolls of Henry VI. That is to say, two approximately equal periods are being studied instead of three, but in order to preserve continuity some reference will also be made to Henry IV's reign of thirteen and a half years with its twenty-one complete and four fragmentary rolls. It has been thought that the rough approximation to equality of evidence over these three periods will still justify, as in the former article, the frequent use of absolute totals instead of averages, but it will have to be borne in mind that 1413–22 and 1422–32 are both slightly under-estimated in relation to 1399–1413 wherever absolute totals and not averages are used.

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