Solution processable neutral state colourless electrochromic devices: effect of the layer thickness on the electrochromic performance

Solution-processable electrochromic (EC) materials have been investigated widely for various applications, such as smart windows, reflective displays, and sensors. Among them, tungsten trioxide (WO3) is an attractive material because it can form a film via a solution process and relative low temperature treatment, which is suitable for a range of substrates. This paper introduces the slot-die and electrostatic force-assisted dispensing (EFAD) printing for solution-processable methods of WO3 film fabrication. The resulting films were compared with WO3 films prepared by spin coating. Both films exhibited a similar morphology and crystalline structure. Furthermore, three different processed WO3 film-based electrochromic devices (ECDs) were prepared and exhibited similar device behaviors. In addition, large area (100 cm2) and patterned ECDs were fabricated using slot-die and EFAD printing. Consequently, slot-die and EFAD printing can be used to commercialize WO3 based-ECDs applications, such as smart windows and reflective displays.

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Preparation, Electronic Structure and Optical Properties of the Electrochromic Thin Films

Nonlinear Analysis Modelling and Control ◽

10.15388/na.2004.9.4.15150 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 363-372 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

T. Lukaszewicz ◽

A. Ravinski ◽

I. Makoed

Keyword(s):

Electrochromic Device ◽

Orbital Method ◽

Optical Parameters ◽

Full Potential ◽

Electrochromic Devices ◽

Energy Bands ◽

Conducting Film ◽

Recombination Probability ◽

Transparent Conducting ◽

Smoluchowski Equations

A new multilayer electrochromic device has been constructed according to the following pattern: glass1/ITO/WO3/gel electrolyte/BP/ITO/glass2, where ITO is a transparent conducting film made of indium and tin oxide and with the surface resistance equal 8–10 Ω/cm2 . The electrochromic devices obtained in the research are characterized by great (considerable) transmittance variation between coloration and bleaching state (25–40% at applied voltage of 1.5 to 3 V), and also high coloration efficiency (above 100 cm2 /C). Selfconsistent energy bands, dielectric permittivity and optical parameters are calculated using a full-potential linear muffin-tin orbital method. The numerical solution of the Debye-Smoluchowski equations is developed for simulating recombination probability of Li+ ions in amorphous electrolyte.

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High-performance solution-processable flexible and transparent conducting electrodes with embedded Cu mesh

Journal of Materials Chemistry C ◽

10.1039/c8tc00307f ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (16) ◽

pp. 4389-4395 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Seolhee Han ◽

Yoonjeong Chae ◽

Ju Young Kim ◽

Yejin Jo ◽

Sang Seok Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Solution Process ◽

Free Solution ◽

Transparent Electrodes ◽

Transparent Conducting ◽

Solution Processable ◽

Transparent Conducting Electrodes

Well-defined and highly conductive Cu mesh transparent electrodes are prepared by a vacuum-free solution process.

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A first truly all-solid state organic electrochromic device based on polymeric ionic liquids

Chemical Communications ◽

10.1039/c3cc49876j ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 50 (24) ◽

pp. 3191-3193 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Alexander S. Shaplov ◽

Denis O. Ponkratov ◽

Pierre-Henri Aubert ◽

Elena I. Lozinskaya ◽

Cédric Plesse ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquids ◽

Solid State ◽

Solvent Free ◽

Electrochromic Device ◽

Simple Application ◽

Electrochromic Devices ◽

Polymeric Ionic Liquids ◽

P Utilization

Utilization of polymeric ionic liquids in solvent-free electrochromic devices offers simple application of the latter in wide glazing and display production.

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Linear and cross-linked mixed conducting polycarbazoles for electrochromic devices

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-708-bb10.26 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 708 ◽

Author(s):

François Tran-Van ◽

Cédric Vancaeyzeele ◽

Thierry Henri ◽

Juozas V. Grazulevicius ◽

Claude Chevrot

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Ring Opening ◽

Acidic Medium ◽

Solid Electrolytes ◽

Oxidation Potential ◽

Electrochromic Device ◽

Electrochromic Devices ◽

Acid Catalyzed ◽

The Stability ◽

Cationic Ring Opening Polymerization

ABSTRACTA carbazole N-substituted by an oxyethylene group was polymerized using oxidative electro-polymerization. Due to the hydrophilic properties of the oligooxyethylene substituent, this monomer can be electropolymerized in aqueous solution. An acidic medium is particularly appropriate in order to decrease the oxidation potential of the monomer and to obtain films mainly composed of oligomers as revealed by SEC analysis. More particularly interesting is the stability of such material during polarization. In acidic medium 1.25 mol.L-1 HClO4, 95% of the charge density was maintained after polarization for 7000 cycles which shows the good electrochemical stability of this material compared to other polycarbazoles. Moreover, films are electroactive in aqueous electrolytes and would be well-compatible with polyethylene-oxide solid electrolytes.In order to increase the mechanical properties of the film, we have also electropolymerized an oligomer with pendant carbazole groups obtained by acid catalyzed cationic ring opening polymerization of [N(2,3-epoxypropyl)carbazole] which leads to a new dicarbazyl cross-linked polymer with cations solvating oxyethylene segments. Due to their tridimensional structure, the mechanical strength of these films is superior to that of a linear polycarbazole film. However, their electroactivity in aqueous electrolyte is poor. So, the electropolymerization of a mixture of both monomers ensures good mechanical properties and compatibility with hydrophilic electrolyte in view to prepare an electrochromic device.

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A methyl ketone bridged molecule as a multi-stimuli-responsive color switch for electrochromic devices

Journal of Materials Chemistry C ◽

10.1039/c5tc04236d ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (21) ◽

pp. 4662-4667 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Yu-Mo Zhang ◽

Fuli Xie ◽

Wen Li ◽

Yuyang Wang ◽

Weiran Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Near Infrared ◽

Methyl Ketone ◽

Molecular Switch ◽

Electrochromic Device ◽

Stimuli Responsive ◽

Electrochromic Devices

A new multi-stimuli-responsive molecular switch M5 with a methyl ketone bridge has been developed to fabricate a visible-near infrared absorbing electrochromic device.

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