Emerging investigator series: locally enhanced electric field treatment (LEEFT) with nanowire-modified electrodes for water disinfection in pipes

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfeng Zhou ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Wensi Chen ◽  
Beichen Lin ◽  
Xing Xie
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Modified Electrodes ◽  
Water Disinfection ◽  
Coaxial Electrode ◽  
Electric Field Treatment

Assisted by perpendicularly-grown nanowires, a coaxial-electrode locally enhanced electric field treatment (LEEFT) device achieves high disinfection in pipes.

Development of nanowire-modified electrodes applied in the locally enhanced electric field treatment (LEEFT) for water disinfection

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (25) ◽  
pp. 12262-12277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfeng Zhou ◽  
Cecilia Yu ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Xing Xie
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Modified Electrodes ◽  
Water Disinfection ◽  
Electric Field Treatment

The desired properties, potential synthesis strategies, and an evaluation guideline of the electrodes are discussed with the review of the existing electrodes.

scholarly journals Nano-Enhanced Electric-Field Treatment Harnessing Lightning-Rod Effect for Rapid Bacteria Inactivation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Wang ◽  
Devin k. Brown ◽  
Xing Xie
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Modified Electrodes ◽  
Mechanism Study ◽  
Cell Level ◽  
Bacteria Inactivation ◽  
Pore Closure ◽  
Electric Field Treatment

Abstract The growth of undesired bacteria can cause numerous problems. Seeking effective and sustainable bacteria inactivation approaches is an everlasting effort. Here, we show that nano-enhanced electric field treatment (NEEFT) can cause rapid bacteria inactivation with a lower applied voltage than bulk EFT. A lab-on-a-chip with nanowedge-modified electrodes is developed, and the bacteria inactivation in NEEFT is visualized and studied in real-time at a single-cell level. Rapid bacteria inactivation (~ 1 ms) occurs specifically at nanowedge tips where the electric field is enhanced due to the lightning-rod effect. Nanowedges with a high aspect ratio are critical for bacteria inactivation. NEEFT works for both immobilized and free-moving cells, where the free-moving cells will be first attracted to the nanowedge tips followed by rapid inactivation. The mechanism study shows that the bacteria inactivation is caused by electroporation induced by the nano-enhanced electric field. The bacteria inactivation performance depends on the strength of the enhanced electric field instead of the applied voltage. Quick pore closure and membrane recovery under moderate NEEFT indicate that electroporation is the predominant mechanism. NEEFT only requires facile treatment to achieve bacteria inactivation, which is safe for treating delicate samples and energy-efficient for large scale applications. It is also expected to find applications for targeted cell inactivation.

scholarly journals Electrical Field-Assisted Gene Delivery from Polyelectrolyte Multilayers

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Yu-Che Cheng ◽  
Shu-Lin Guo ◽  
Kun-Da Chung ◽  
Wei-Wen Hu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Delivery ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Transfection Efficiency ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Multilayers ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Electrical Field ◽  
Lbl Assembly ◽  
Electric Field Treatment

To sustain gene delivery and elongate transgene expression, plasmid DNA and cationic nonviral vectors can be deposited through layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly to form polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs). Although these macromolecules can be released for transfection purposes, their entanglement only allows partial delivery. Therefore, how to efficiently deliver immobilized genes from PEMs remains a challenge. In this study, we attempt to facilitate their delivery through the pretreatment of the external electrical field. Multilayers of polyethylenimine (PEI) and DNA were deposited onto conductive polypyrrole (PPy), which were placed in an aqueous environment to examine their release after electric field pretreatment. Only the electric field perpendicular to the substrate with constant voltage efficiently promoted the release of PEI and DNA from PEMs, and the higher potential resulted in the more releases which were enhanced with treatment time. The roughness of PEMs also increased after electric field treatment because the electrical field not only caused electrophoresis of polyelectrolytes and but also allowed electrochemical reaction on the PPy electrode. Finally, the released DNA and PEI were used for transfection. Polyplexes were successfully formed after electric field treatment, and the transfection efficiency was also improved, suggesting that this electric field pretreatment effectively assists gene delivery from PEMs and should be beneficial to regenerative medicine application.

scholarly journals The Electrode Modality Development in Pulsed Electric Field Treatment Facilitates Biocellular Mechanism Study and Improves Cancer Ablation Efficacy

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Cen ◽  
Xinhua Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Pulsed Electric Field ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Bipolar Electrode ◽  
Pulsed Electric Field Treatment ◽  
Electric Field Treatment

Pulsed electric field treatment is now widely used in diverse biological and medical applications: gene delivery, electrochemotherapy, and cancer therapy. This minimally invasive technique has several advantages over traditional ablation techniques, such as nonthermal elimination and blood vessel spare effect. Different electrodes are subsequently developed for a specific treatment purpose. Here, we provide a systematic review of electrode modality development in pulsed electric field treatment. For electrodes invented for experiment in vitro, sheet electrode and electrode cuvette, electrodes with high-speed fluorescence imaging system, electrodes with patch-clamp, and electrodes with confocal laser scanning microscopy are introduced. For electrodes invented for experiment in vivo, monopolar electrodes, five-needle array electrodes, single-needle bipolar electrode, parallel plate electrodes, and suction electrode are introduced. The pulsed electric field provides a promising treatment for cancer.

Pulsed electric field treatment of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, bacteria with probiotic potential

LWT ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 112304
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Djukić-Vuković ◽  
Saša Haberl Meglič ◽  
Karel Flisar ◽  
Ljiljana Mojović ◽  
Damijan Miklavčič
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Pulsed Electric Field ◽  
Probiotic Potential ◽  
Pulsed Electric Field Treatment ◽  
Electric Field Treatment
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