Environmentally friendly synthesis of unsymmetrical dialkyl disulfides by reacting organic halides with thiourea and sodium thiosulfate in an aqueous medium

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (40) ◽  
pp. 16046-16049
Author(s):  
Xiaogang Lu ◽  
Feiyan Fu ◽  
Runli Gao ◽  
Haibo Liu ◽  
Hongmei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Medium ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Sodium Thiosulfate ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Organic Halides ◽  
Synthetic Procedure ◽  
Dialkyl Disulfides ◽  
Toxic Organic Solvents

The developed synthetic procedure is economical and environmentally friendly. It also avoids using toxic organic solvents, and an oxidant or a reductant.

scholarly journals Study of an Acid-Free Technique for the Preparation of Glycyrrhetinic Acid from Ammonium Glycyrrhizinate in Subcritical Water

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna V. Lekar ◽  
Sergey N. Borisenko ◽  
Elena V. Vetrova ◽  
Olga V. Filonova ◽  
Elena V. Maksimenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Glycyrrhizic Acid ◽  
Subcritical Water ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Glycyrrhetinic Acid ◽  
Hydrolysis Products ◽  
Pharmaceutical Plant ◽  
Toxic Organic Solvents

The aim of this work was to study an application of a previously developed expedient acid-free technique for the preparation of glycyrrhetinic acid from ammonium glycyrrhizinate that requires no use of acids and toxic organic solvents. Subcritical water that serves as a reactant and a solvent was used in order to obtain glycyrrhetinic acid in good yields starting from ammonium glycyrrhizinate. It has been shown that variation of only one parameter of the process (temperature) allows alteration to thecomposition of the hydrolysis products. A new method was used for the synthesis of glycyrrhetinic acid (glycyrrhizic acid aglycone) and its monoglycoside. HPLC combined with mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy were used to determine the quantitative and qualitative compositions of the obtained products. The method developed for the production of glycyrrhetinic acid in subcritical water is environmentally friendly and faster than conventional hydrolysis methods that use acids and expensive and toxic organic solvents. The proposed technique has a potential for the future development of inexpensive and environmentally friendly technologies for production of new pharmaceutical plant-based substances.

Development and Validation of a Green Analytical Method for the Determination of Norfloxacin in Raw Material by FTIR Spectrophotometry

2016 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 1533-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica Sayuri Hisano Natori ◽  
Eliane Gandolpho Tótoli ◽  
Hérida Regina Nunes Salgado
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Ftir Spectrophotometry ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Development And Validation

Abstract Norfloxacin is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, widely used in humans and animals for the treatment of urinary tract infections. It is a second-generation fluoroquinolone. Several analytical methods to analyze norfloxacin have been described in the literature. However, most of them are complex and require the use of large amounts of organic solvents. This paper describes the development and validation of a green analytical method for the determination of norfloxacin in raw material by FTIR spectrophotometry. This method does not require the use of organic solvents, minimizing waste generation in the process and its environmental impacts. The development of methods that promote the reduction, prevention, or elimination of waste generation has become highly attractive to the pharmaceutical industry because of the growing demand from civil society and government authorities for environmentally friendly products and services. The FTIR spectrophotometry method was validated according to International Conference on Harmonization guidelines, showing adequate linearity (r = 0.9936), precision, accuracy, and robustness. This validated method can be used as an environmentally friendly alternative for the quantification of norfloxacin in raw material in QC routine analysis.

Unsymmetrical phthalocyanines with cyclopalladated azo functions

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 192-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Yasemin Yenilmez Akkurt ◽  
Ali ihsan Okur ◽  
Ahmet Gül
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Palladium Complex ◽  
Palladium Complexes ◽  
High Solubility ◽  
Synthetic Procedure ◽  
Different Types ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Very High

In this study, a synthetic procedure for unsymmetrical metallophthalocyanines of the form M[Pc(AB3)], where A and B refer to two different types of peripheral functionality, has been developed and the new compounds have been converted to monomeric and dimeric palladium complexes. Asymmetrically substituted phthalocyanines were synthesized with the well-known statistical condensation method, by using two differently substituted precursors, namely 4-(2-ethoxyethoxy)-1-2-dicyanobenzene (1) and 4-{4-[Z/E]-phenylazo]-1-naphthyl}oxy-1,2-dicyanobenzene (2). Consequently, electron-donating 2-ethoxyethoxy groups and electron-withdrawing palladium complex are present in the same structure. Cyclopalladation was performed with [Pd(PhCN)2Cl2] to yield the bis-μ-chloro-bridged dimers and subsequently, the corresponding monomers were obtained by refluxing with three equivalents of potassium acetylacetonate. The resulting products were purified by column chromatography and characterized by several chemical and spectroscopic analysis methods. All compounds have very high solubility in organic solvents due to the presence of 2-ethoxyethoxy moiety.

Aqueous Microemulsions as Efficient and Versatile Media for Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Reactions

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason G. Taylor ◽  
Jailton Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Organic Reaction ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Transition Metal Catalyzed ◽  
Catalyzed Reactions ◽  
Metal Catalyzed

The search for efficient and versatile reaction medium to perform transition-metal-catalyzed reactions is a continuous challenge to the synthetic community. Organic solvents have been traditionally employed for this task, nevertheless, new environmentally friendly, safe, and economically viable alternatives are still highly sought after. In this context, herein, we present an overview of some interesting applications of aqueous microemulsions (oil-in-water, O/W) for transition metal catalyzed reactions as an alternative and promising aqueous-organic reaction medium that has been found to be a highly effective tool in overcoming some environmental or practical issues presented by traditional organic solvents.

scholarly journals High-throughput toxicity screening of novel azepanium and 3-methylpiperidinium ionic liquids

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (39) ◽  
pp. 22864-22870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela L. Tether ◽  
Garry Laverty ◽  
Alberto V. Puga ◽  
Kenneth R. Seddon ◽  
Brendan F. Gilmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Toxicity Screening ◽  
Bioenergy Production

Ionic liquids have been employed as potentially environmentally friendly replacements for organic solvents, but have also been studied for their use in bioelectrochemical applications, such as bioenergy production, or in industrial biocatalysis.

scholarly journals New fast “One-pot” Technique for the Production of Glycyrrhetinic Acid from the Roots of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra)

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801300
Author(s):  
Anna V. Lekar ◽  
Sergey N. Borisenko ◽  
Elena V. Vetrova ◽  
Elena V. Maksimenko ◽  
Salima S. Khizrieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Subcritical Water ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Glycyrrhetinic Acid ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Glabra L ◽  
The One ◽  
Toxic Organic Solvents ◽  
Pot Technique

The aim of this work was to develop and study a fast “one-pot” procedure for the production of glycyrrhetinic acid (GLA) from the roots of licorice ( Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) using subcritical water (SBW). Technique requires no use expensive and toxic organic solvents. For the first time the new method was used for the production of glycyrrhetinic acid (aglycone of glycyrrhizic acid) by “one-pot” technique. HPLC was used to determine the quantitative compositions of the obtained products. It has been shown that variation of only one parameter of the process (temperature) allows alteration of composition of the products obtained by new “one-pot” technique. The “one-pot” procedure developed for the production of GLA in SBW is faster (12 folds) than conventional methods that use expensive and toxic organic solvents. The proposed procedure has the excellent potential for the future development of the fast and low cost technologies for the production of GLA and its derivatives in the pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries.

The Novel SO3H-Functionalized Ionic Liquids Promoted Synthesis of Xanthenedione Derivatives in Aqueous Media under Microwave Irradiation

2011 ◽  
Vol 391-392 ◽  
pp. 1354-1357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bai Lin Li ◽  
Hua Ding Liang ◽  
Ai Guo Zhong ◽  
Dan Qian Xu
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Catalytic System ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Simple Operation

Novel SO3H-functionalized ionic liquids were successfully applied as catalysts for synthesis of xanthenediones under microwave irradiation in Aqueous. Various types of Xanthenes were provided in 90-97% yields using the catalytic system of [(HSO3-p)2im][CF3SO3]/H2O. The products could be conveniently separated from the reaction mixture by filtration and the dissolved catalyst could be reused without any treatment, which of the separation process was performed in water without using any organic solvents. The method not only has the adventages of shrot time and simple operation, but also is environmentally friendly.

Detection of the anticoagulant drug warfarin by palladium complexes

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (31) ◽  
pp. 10205-10209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramod Kumar ◽  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
Rajeev Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Medium ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Palladium Complexes ◽  
Anticoagulant Drug

This work illustrates the application of palladium complexes in the significant sensing of warfarin, a commercial anticoagulant drug, not only in organic solvents but also in aqueous medium.

Cyclopentyl methyl ether as a green solvent for reversible-addition fragmentation chain transfer and nitroxide-mediated polymerizations

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 7495-7503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos M. R. Abreu ◽  
Pedro Maximiano ◽  
Tamaz Guliashvili ◽  
Julien Nicolas ◽  
Arménio C. Serra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Methyl Ether ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Green Solvent ◽  
Reversible Addition

Cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME) was successfully used as an environmentally friendly alternative to regularly employed organic solvents (e.g., THF, DMSO, DCM and DMF) for the RAFT and NMP polymerizations of vinyl chloride (VC) and styrene (S).

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