Synthesis of regioisomeric maltose-based Man/Glc glycoclusters to control glycoligand presentation in 3D space

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Ole Jaeschke ◽  
Ingo vom Sondern ◽  
Thisbe K. Lindhorst
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Carbohydrate Recognition ◽  
3D Space ◽  
Key Factor

The investigation of carbohydrate recognition in a natural environment suffers from the complexity of overlapping functional effects such as multivalency and heteromultivalency effects. Another key factor in carbohydrate recognition is...

Diet, ontogenetic changes and rhythm of feeding activities in Macrobrachium macrobrachion (Herklots, 1851) (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) in the waterbodies and rivers of Benin, West Africa

Crustaceana ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 999-1021
Author(s):  
G. Koussovi ◽  
F. Niass ◽  
C. J. Allozounhoue ◽  
M. Dahouda ◽  
C. A. Bonou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Stomach Content ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Ontogenetic Changes ◽  
Insect Larvae ◽  
Live Prey ◽  
Trophic Activity ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Feeding Activities

Abstract Knowledge of the diet of Macrobrachium macrobrachion (Herklots, 1851) in its natural environment is a key factor facilitating its successful breeding. We have analysed the stomach content of 452 specimens collected from the Ouémé River Delta (ORD) (338 stomachs) and from the Mono River/Grand-Popo Lagoon complex (MGLC) (114 stomachs), from February to October 2016. The analysis enables to calculate the coefficient of vacuity for the ORD (3.50%) and for the MGLC (3.50%). The results show that M. macrobrachion has a detritivore-omnivore type of diet, feeding mainly on phytoplankton (diatoms and cyanophytes) and detritus. However, the diet of the young shrimps, composed mostly of insect larvae, differs from that of adult. In the adult M. macrobrachion, the pace of feeding activities is greatest in the morning (6.00 to 9.00 am), low in middle of the day (10.00 am to 13.00 pm), and there is a slight trophic activity between 17.00 and 22.00 pm. Outside of the above periods, i.e., from 14.00 to 16.00 pm and 23.00 pm to 5.00 am, the species is at rest. Juveniles feed at dawn. In the nighttime and at dusk, groups of shrimps of varying sizes do feed. The findings of this study suggest that live prey is the best feed for the larvae of M. macrobrachion in captivity and should be distributed preferably early in the morning.

scholarly journals Natural environment of small towns as an indicator of the developmental potential of a wider region – as exemplified by the South Moravian countryside

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hana Vavrouchová ◽  
Mária Pákozdiová ◽  
Ilona Svobodová
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
The South ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Residential Units ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Grant Agency ◽  
The City

Our study is focused on the natural environment significance and potential for the development of a wider region. A special emphasis is put on the geographical category of small towns, which play an important role in stabilizing the population of the Czech Republic. In this context, a key factor of planning in the rural region is the demarcation of a catchment region and the determination of its potential. Natural environment (primary landscape structure) is a basic determinant of area development at all the levels. This paper aims at the natural environment analyses of the small towns in the South Moravian Region, with emphasis on the development opportunities and limitations. In this study, small towns are considered to be all the residential units holding a town status, with the exception of district towns and the city of Brno. The study is a part of the research project supported in 2011 by the Internal Grant Agency of Mendel University in Brno titled “Small towns - Motors of the South Moravian countryside development”.

Simulating 3D Cloud Shape Based on Computer Vision and Particle System

2012 ◽  
Vol 182-183 ◽  
pp. 819-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Gong
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Computer Graphics ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Particle System ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Realistic Simulation ◽  
Structure Information ◽  
Efficient Approach ◽  
3D Space ◽  
Computer Vision Technology

Clouds are an important part of natural environment. The realistic simulation of cloud is a challenging topic in computer graphics. This paper proposes a simple, efficient approach based on computer vision and particle system to model various 3D clouds. This method use computer vision technology to extract 3D structure information of clouds from images, then using particles technology to fill the 3D space and render the cloud. This method is suitable to model all kinds of clouds, such as stratus, cumulus, cirrus etc. It is an improvement over earlier systems that modeled only one type of cloud.

scholarly journals Systematic identification of cooperation between DNA binding proteins in 3D space

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Zhang ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Dna Binding ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Dna Binding Proteins ◽  
Structure Identification ◽  
Chromosomal Structure ◽  
3D Space ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Cis And Trans ◽  
Systematic Identification

Cooperation between DNA-binding proteins (DBPs) such as transcription factors and chromatin remodeling enzymes plays a pivotal role in regulating gene expression and other biological processes. Such cooperation is often via interaction between DBPs that bind to loci located distal in the linear genome but close in the 3D space, referred as trans-cooperation. Due to the lack of 3D chromosomal structure, identification of DBP cooperation has been limited to those binding to neighbor regions in the linear genome, referred as cis-cooperation. Here we present the first study that integrates protein ChIP-seq and Hi-C data to systematically identify both cis- and trans-cooperation between DBPs. We developed a new network model that allows identification of cooperation between multiple DBPs and reveals cell type specific or independent regulations. Particularly interesting, we have retrieved many known and previously unknown trans-cooperation between DBPs in the chromosomal loops that may be a key factor for influencing 3D chromosomal structure. The software is available at http://wanglab.ucsd.edu/star/DBPnet/index.html.

Random isn't real: How the patchy distribution of ecological rewards may generate “incentive hope”

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel Symes ◽  
Thalia Wheatley
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Random Distribution ◽  
Spatiotemporal Distribution ◽  
Patchy Distribution ◽  
Distribution Of Resources

AbstractAnselme & Güntürkün generate exciting new insights by integrating two disparate fields to explain why uncertain rewards produce strong motivational effects. Their conclusions are developed in a framework that assumes a random distribution of resources, uncommon in the natural environment. We argue that, by considering a realistically clumped spatiotemporal distribution of resources, their conclusions will be stronger and more complete.

Extreme self-sacrifice beyond fusion: Moral expansiveness and the special case of allyship

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Crimston ◽  
Matthew J. Hornsey
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Biological Markers ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Relevant Dimension ◽  
Special Case

AbstractAs a general theory of extreme self-sacrifice, Whitehouse's article misses one relevant dimension: people's willingness to fight and die in support of entities not bound by biological markers or ancestral kinship (allyship). We discuss research on moral expansiveness, which highlights individuals’ capacity to self-sacrifice for targets that lie outside traditional in-group markers, including racial out-groups, animals, and the natural environment.

Attachment of oral bacteria to titanium surfaces: An SEM study

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 468-469
Author(s):  
J. E. Laffoon ◽  
R. L. Anderson ◽  
J. C. Keller ◽  
C. D. Wu-Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Technical Problem ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Surface Ultrastructure ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Titanium Surfaces

Titanium (Ti) dental implants have been used widely for many years. Long term implant failures are related, in part, to the development of peri-implantitis frequently associated with bacteria. Bacterial adherence and colonization have been considered a key factor in the pathogenesis of many biomaterial based infections. Without the initial attachment of oral bacteria to Ti-implant surfaces, subsequent polymicrobial accumulation and colonization leading to peri-implant disease cannot occur. The overall goal of this study is to examine the implant-oral bacterial interfaces and gain a greater understanding of their attachment characteristics and mechanisms. Since the detailed cell surface ultrastructure involved in attachment is only discernible at the electron microscopy level, the study is complicated by the technical problem of obtaining titanium implant and attached bacterial cells in the same ultra-thin sections. In this study, a technique was developed to facilitate the study of Ti implant-bacteria interface.Discs of polymerized Spurr’s resin (12 mm x 5 mm) were formed to a thickness of approximately 3 mm using an EM block holder (Fig. 1). Titanium was then deposited by vacuum deposition to a film thickness of 300Å (Fig. 2).

Genomic analysis of C-type lectins

2002 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 59-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt Drickamer ◽  
Andrew J. Fadden
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Cell Signalling ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Immunoglobulin Superfamily ◽  
Carbohydrate Binding ◽  
Carbohydrate Recognition ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Binding Domains ◽  
Carbohydrate Recognition Domains

Many biological effects of complex carbohydrates are mediated by lectins that contain discrete carbohydrate-recognition domains. At least seven structurally distinct families of carbohydrate-recognition domains are found in lectins that are involved in intracellular trafficking, cell adhesion, cell–cell signalling, glycoprotein turnover and innate immunity. Genome-wide analysis of potential carbohydrate-binding domains is now possible. Two classes of intracellular lectins involved in glycoprotein trafficking are present in yeast, model invertebrates and vertebrates, and two other classes are present in vertebrates only. At the cell surface, calcium-dependent (C-type) lectins and galectins are found in model invertebrates and vertebrates, but not in yeast; immunoglobulin superfamily (I-type) lectins are only found in vertebrates. The evolutionary appearance of different classes of sugar-binding protein modules parallels a development towards more complex oligosaccharides that provide increased opportunities for specific recognition phenomena. An overall picture of the lectins present in humans can now be proposed. Based on our knowledge of the structures of several of the C-type carbohydrate-recognition domains, it is possible to suggest ligand-binding activity that may be associated with novel C-type lectin-like domains identified in a systematic screen of the human genome. Further analysis of the sequences of proteins containing these domains can be used as a basis for proposing potential biological functions.

Forum: Morphological Awareness as a Key Factor in Language-Literacy Success for Academic Achievement

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-513
Author(s):  
Ashley Bourque Meaux ◽  
Julie A. Wolter ◽  
Ginger G. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Literacy Development ◽  
Morphological Awareness ◽  
Language And Literacy ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
School Based ◽  
Literacy Success ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Language And Literacy Development

Purpose This article introduces the Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools Forum: Morphological Awareness as a Key Factor in Language-Literacy Success for Academic Achievement. The goal of this forum is to relate the influence morphological awareness (MA) has on overall language and literacy development with morphology acting as the “binding agent” between orthography, phonology, and semantics ( Perfetti, 2007 ) in assessment and intervention for school-aged children. Method This introduction provides a foundation for MA development and explores the influence MA has over the course of school-aged language and literacy development. Through summaries of the 11 articles in this forum, school-based speech-language pathologists will be able to convey the importance of MA to promote successful educational outcomes for kindergarten to adolescent students. The forum explores researcher-developed assessments used to help identify MA skill level in first- through eighth-grade students at risk for literacy failure to support instructional needs. The forum also provides school-based speech-language pathologists with details to design and implement MA interventions to support academic success for school-aged students with varying speech-language needs (e.g., dual language emersion, vocabulary development, reading comprehension) using various service delivery models (e.g., small group, classroom-based, intensive summer camps). Conclusion MA is effective in facilitating language and literacy development and as such can be an ideally focused on using multilinguistic approaches for assessment and intervention. The articles in this issue highlight the importance in assessment measures and intervention approaches that focus on students' MA to improve overall academic success in children of all ages and abilities.

1451: Positive Efect of Prostaglandin on Regulation of Prostate Blood Flow-Investigation of the Key Factor in the Signaling Pathway of The Prostate Blood Flow-

2005 ◽  
Vol 173 (4S) ◽  
pp. 393-393
Author(s):  
Bunzo Kashiwagi ◽  
Yasuhiro Shibata ◽  
Kazunari Ohki ◽  
Seiji Arai ◽  
Seijiro Honma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Flow Investigation ◽  
Key Factor
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