Sulfur-modified porous covalent organic polymers as bifunctional materials for efficient fluorescence detection and fast removal of heavy metal ions

As one of the most toxic heavy metals to human beings and the environment, how to simultaneously achieve the fluorescent detection and removal of mercury in the wastewater is still...

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Bioremediation of Chromium by Microorganisms and Its Mechanisms Related to Functional Groups

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2021/7694157 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-21

Author(s):

Abate Ayele ◽

Yakob Godebo Godeto

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Functional Groups ◽

Heavy Metal Ions ◽

Future Research ◽

Oil Well ◽

Toxic Heavy Metals ◽

Toxic Heavy Metal ◽

Minimum Concentration

Heavy metals generated mainly through many anthropogenic processes, and some natural processes have been a great environmental challenge and continued to be the concern of many researchers and environmental scientists. This is mainly due to their highest toxicity even at a minimum concentration as they are nonbiodegradable and can persist in the aquatic and terrestrial environments for long periods. Chromium ions, especially hexavalent ions (Cr(VI)) generated through the different industrial process such as tanneries, metallurgical, petroleum, refractory, oil well drilling, electroplating, mining, textile, pulp and paper industries, are among toxic heavy metal ions, which pose toxic effects to human, plants, microorganisms, and aquatic lives. This review work is aimed at biosorption of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) through microbial biomass, mainly bacteria, fungi, and microalgae, factors influencing the biosorption of chromium by microorganisms and the mechanism involved in the remediation process and the functional groups participated in the uptake of toxic Cr(VI) from contaminated environments by biosorbents. The biosorption process is relatively more advantageous over conventional remediation technique as it is rapid, economical, requires minimal preparatory steps, efficient, needs no toxic chemicals, and allows regeneration of biosorbent at the end of the process. Also, the presence of multiple functional groups in microbial cell surfaces and more active binding sites allow easy uptake and binding of a greater number of toxic heavy metal ions from polluted samples. This could be useful in creating new insights into the development and advancement of future technologies for future research on the bioremediation of toxic heavy metals at the industrial scale.

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The influence of heavy metals on the production of extracellular polymer substances in the processes of heavy metal ions elimination

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2005.0689 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 52 (10-11) ◽

pp. 151-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

J. Mikes ◽

M. Siglova ◽

A. Cejkova ◽

J. Masak ◽

V. Jirku

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Cell Wall ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Cell Walls ◽

Heavy Metal Ions ◽

Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽

Low Cost ◽

Toxic Heavy Metals ◽

Metal Interactions

Wastewaters from a chemical industry polluted by heavy metal ions represent a hazard for all living organisms. It can mean danger for ecosystems and human health. New methods are sought alternative to traditional chemical and physical processes. Active elimination process of heavy metals ions provided by living cells, their components and extracellular products represents a potential way of separating toxic heavy metals from industrial wastewaters. While the abilities of bacteria to remove metal ions in solution are extensively used, fungi have been recognized as a promising kind of low-cost adsorbents for removal of heavy-metal ions from aqueous waste sources. Yeasts and fungi differ from each other in their constitution and in their abilities to produce variety of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) with different mechanisms of metal interactions. The accumulation of Cd(2+), Cr(6+), Pb(2+), Ni(2+) and Zn(2+) by yeasts and their EPS was screened at twelve different yeast species in microcultivation system Bioscreen C and in the shaking Erlenmayer's flasks. This results were compared with the production of yeast EPS and the composition of yeast cell walls. The EPS production was measured during the yeast growth and cell wall composition was studied during the cultivations in the shaking flasks. At the end of the process extracellular polymers and their chemical composition were isolated and amount of bound heavy metals was characterized. The variable composition and the amount of the EPS were found at various yeast strains. It was influenced by various compositions of growth medium and also by various concentrations of heavy metals. It is evident, that the amount of bound heavy metals was different. The work reviews the possibilities of usage of various yeast EPS and components of cell walls in the elimination processes of heavy metal ions. Further the structure and properties of yeasts cell wall and EPS were discussed. The finding of mechanisms mentioned above is necessary to identify the functional groups entered in the metals elimination processes.

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Facile fabrication of silk protein sericin-mediated hierarchical hydroxyapatite-based bio-hybrid architectures: excellent adsorption of toxic heavy metals and hazardous dye from wastewater

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c6ra12818a ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (89) ◽

pp. 86607-86616 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Pradyot Koley ◽

Makoto Sakurai ◽

Toshiaki Takei ◽

Masakazu Aono

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Congo Red ◽

Heavy Metal Ions ◽

Silk Protein ◽

Toxic Heavy Metals ◽

Toxic Heavy Metal ◽

Hybrid Architectures ◽

Facile Fabrication

Facilely fabricated silk protein sericin-mediated hierarchical hydroxyapatite hybrid architectures show excellent adsorption of toxic heavy metal ions of Pb(ii), Cd(ii) and Hg(ii) and a hazardous dye, Congo red (CR), from wastewater.

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Comparative Utilization of Dead and Live Fungal Biomass for the Removal of Heavy Metal: A Concise Review

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2021/5588111 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Abate Ayele ◽

Setegn Haile ◽

Digafe Alemu ◽

M. Kamaraj

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Fungal Biomass ◽

Heavy Metal Ions ◽

Metal Removal ◽

Low Cost ◽

Heavy Metal Removal ◽

Cation Binding ◽

Toxic Heavy Metals

Human and industrial activities produce and discharge wastes containing heavy metals into the water resources making them polluted, threatening human health and the ecosystem. Biosorption, the process of passive cation binding by dead or living biomass, represents a potentially cost-effective way of eliminating toxic heavy metals from industrial wastewater. The abilities of microorganisms to remove metal ions in solution have been extensively studied; in particular, live and dead fungi have been recognized as a promising class of low-cost adsorbents for the removal of heavy metal ions. The biosorption behavior of fungal biomass is getting attention due to its several advantages; hence, it needs to be explored further to take its maximum advantage on wastewater treatment. This review discusses the live and dead fungi characteristics of sorption, factors influencing heavy metal removal, and the biosorption capacities for heavy metal ions removal and also discusses the biosorption mechanisms.

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Estimation of the Concentration of Some Heavy Metals in Groundwater in Rutba City

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/904/1/012009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 904 (1) ◽

pp. 012009

Author(s):

A W Abd Byty ◽

M A Gharbi ◽

A H Assaf

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Heavy Metal Ions ◽

Large Scale ◽

Toxic Metal ◽

Scale Production ◽

Future Health ◽

Distribution Maps ◽

Guideline Values

Abstract Toxic metal pollutants in groundwater should be identified to prevent future health risks. In this paper, the presence of heavy metals in groundwater in the western region of Iraq was investigated. The heavy metals concentrations, including Ni2+, Co2+, Zn2+, Pb2+, Cr3+, Cd2+, As3+ and Hg2+ were explored in twenty selected aquifers near Rutba City and the results were presented as spatial distribution maps. Findings indicate that contamination with the investigated heavy metal ions possesses a serious threat to the study area’s groundwater quality when compared to WHO and IEPA guideline values. Thus, a new approach to remove or adsorb heavy metal ions can be developed for large-scale production and the safe use of these aquifers water. Results revealed that the highest concentrations in mg/L1 of 2.312 in w19, 1.098 in w2, 5.78 in w17, 0.292 in w9, 3.349 in w5, 0.32 in w13, 0.074 in w11 and 5.622 in w1 for Zn2+, Cr3+, As3+, Pb2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Cd2+ and Hg2+ were recorded, respectively.

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The Influence of Heavy Metal Ions on the Viability and Metabolic Enzyme Activity of the Marbled Crayfish Procambarus virginalis (Lyko, 2017)

International Letters of Natural Sciences ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.70.11 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 70 ◽

pp. 11-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Oleg Marenkov ◽

Mykola V. Prychepa ◽

Julia Kovalchuk

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Heavy Metal Ions ◽

Physiological State ◽

Metabolic Enzyme ◽

Nickel Ions ◽

The Individual ◽

Marbled Crayfish

In the experiment with marbled crayfishProcambarusvirginalis(Lyko, 2017), chronic effects of various concentrations of heavy metal ions on the physiological state and enzyme activity were investigated. The obtained results showed that among the investigated heavy metals nickel ions influenced the weight indexes and mortality of crustaceans the most negatively. According to the results of the research, significant changes were noted in the individual biochemical parameters of marbled crayfish under the influence of manganese, lead and nickel ions. The most significant changes in the activity of lactate dehydrogenase were detected in muscle tissues affected by manganese and nickel ions. A significant decrease in the activity of succinate dehydrogenase in muscle of marbled crayfish was determined after the action of heavy metal ions. Investigation of changes in the activity of alkaline phosphatase under the influence of the ions of manganese, lead and nickel has its own characteristics, which indicates certain violations in the tissues of cell membranes. Changes in the activity of enzymes were also reflected in the overall protein content. Changes in these parameters may indicate a rapid biochemical response of crustaceans to the toxic effects of heavy metals.

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Research Progress in Removing Heavy Metals from Waste Water via Bio-Sorption

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.587-589.692 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 587-589 ◽

pp. 692-695

Author(s):

Wei Sun

Keyword(s):

Waste Water ◽

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Heavy Metal Ions ◽

Waste Water Treatment ◽

Research Progress ◽

Traditional Methods ◽

Sorption Method

Bio-absorption has an unparalleled advantage over other traditional methods in removing and recycling heavy metal ions from waste water. Consequently, it has a promising future. In this paper, the traditional methods and the bio-sorption method via which heavy metals are removed from waste water are compared to summarize the mechanism of bio-sorption, the types of bio-sorbent, the factors that can influence bio-sorption and the state of its application in waste water treatment .

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A systematic study for removal of heavy metals from aqueous media using Sorghum bicolor: an efficient biosorbent

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2018.190 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 77 (10) ◽

pp. 2355-2368 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Khalida Naseem ◽

Zahoor H. Farooqi ◽

Muhammad Z. Ur Rehman ◽

Muhammad A. Ur Rehman ◽

Robina Begum ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Heavy Metal Ions ◽

Aqueous Media ◽

Review Article ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Adsorption Efficiency ◽

Adsorption Isotherm Models ◽

Removal Of Heavy Metals

Abstract This review is based on the adsorption characteristics of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) for removal of heavy metals from aqueous media. Different parameters like pH, temperature of the medium, sorghum concentration, sorghum particle size, contact time, stirring speed and heavy metal concentration control the adsorption efficiency of sorghum biomass for heavy metal ions. Sorghum biomass showed maximum efficiency for removal of heavy metal ions in the pH range of 5 to 6. It is an agricultural waste and is regarded as the cheapest biosorbent, having high adsorption capacity for heavy metals as compared to other reported adsorbents, for the treatment of heavy metal polluted wastewater. Adsorption of heavy metal ions onto sorghum biomass follows pseudo second order kinetics. Best fitted adsorption isotherm models for removal of heavy metal ions on sorghum biomass are Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models. Thermodynamic aspects of heavy metal ions adsorption onto sorghum biomass have also been elaborated in this review article. How adsorption efficiency of sorghum biomass can be improved by different physical and chemical treatments in future has also been elaborated. This review article will be highly useful for researchers working in the field of water treatment via biosorption processing. The quantitative demonstrated efficiency of sorghum biomass for various heavy metal ions has also been highlighted in different sections of this review article.

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Removing heavy metals from effluents with natural and modified clay-containing sorbents

Vodosnabzhenie i sanitarnaia tehnika ◽

10.35776/vst.2021.05.03 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 30-37

Author(s):

А.К. Стрелков ◽

С.В. Степанов ◽

О.Н. Панфилова ◽

А.В. Арбузов

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Heavy Metal Ions ◽

Specific Productivity ◽

Natural Material ◽

Main Process ◽

Tertiary Treatment ◽

Modified Clay ◽

Cartridge Filter

Представлены результаты исследований сорбции ионов тяжелых металлов глиносодержащими сорбентами из сточных вод гальванического производства. Цель испытаний, проведенных на пилотной установке, – разработка технологической схемы для доочистки сточных вод от ионов тяжелых металлов и извлечения отработанного сорбента с применением намывного патронного фильтра со слоем перлита. В испытаниях использовались: термически модифицированный сорбент на основе природных материалов – модифицированная глина, а также смесевый сорбент, состоящий из монтмориллонита, торфа и доломита в соотношении 5:4:1 без термической обработки. Исследования проводились по восьми ионам тяжелых металлов в диапазоне низких концентраций, характерных для сточных вод, поступающих на доочистку после отстаивания с корректировкой рН. Основные технологические параметры доочистки: pH8; продолжительность контакта сорбента с обрабатываемыми водами 90 мин, доза сорбентов 1–1,6 г/л. Отделение отработанного сорбента от очищенной воды было предусмотрено в две ступени – отстаиванием и фильтрованием на патронном намывном фильтре. Введение коагулянта «Аква-АуратÔ-30» дозой 40 мг/л по Al2O3 позволило снизить концентрацию взвешенных веществ в осветленных сточных водах, подаваемых на намывные фильтры, до 8 мг/л для модифицированной глины и 15 мг/л для смесевого сорбента. Удельная производительность намывного слоя составила 23 м3/(ч×м2), расчетная удельная нагрузка по взвеси на поверхность фильтра составила для модифицированной глины 850 г/м2, для смесевого сорбента – 680 г/м2. Расчетная продолжительность фазы фильтрования намывного слоя при использовании предварительного реагентного отстаивания составила 4,6 и 2 ч для модифицированной глины и смесевого сорбента соответственно. Обеспечена эффективность очистки сточных вод от ионов тяжелых металлов на уровне ПДК для водных объектов рыбохозяйственного значения. The results of studies of the sorption of heavy metal ions by clay-containing sorbents from plating effluents are presented. The purpose of the tests carried out in a pilot plant was developing a process scheme for the removal of heavy metal ions from effluents and extraction of the spent sorbent in a precoat cartridge filter with a layer of perlite. The materials used in the tests were as follows: thermally modified sorbent based on natural material, i. e., modified clay, as well as mixed sorbent consisting of montmorillonite, peat and dolomite in a ratio of 5:4:1 without heat treatment. The studies were carried out on eight ions of heavy metals in the low concentration range typical for the effluent coming for tertiary treatment after sedimentation with pH adjustment. The main process parameters of tertiary treatment were: pH 8; the duration of the sorbent contact with the effluent was 90 min, the dose of sorbents was 1–1.6 g/l. The separation of the spent sorbent from the effluent was executed in two stages – sedimentation and filtration in a precoat cartridge filter. The addition of Aqua-AuratTM-30 coagulant with a dose of 40 mg/l as Al2O3provided for reducing the concentration of suspended solids in the clarified effluent supplied to the precoat filters to 8 mg/l for modified clay and 15 mg/l for the mixed sorbent. The specific productivity of the alluvial layer was 23 m3/(h‧m2), the specific load of the suspension on the filter surface was 850 g/m2for modified clay, and 680 g/m2 for mixed sorbent. The estimated duration of the filtration phase of the alluvial layer while using preliminary chemical sedimentation was 4.6 and 2 h for the modified clay and mixed sorbent, respectively. The efficiency of removing heavy metal ions from effluents was provided at the level of the maximum permissible concentration for fishery water bodies.

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