PRODUCTION OF THE SORPTION SHEET FROM COMPOSITE MATERIALS AS A LIQUIDATION AGENT FOR SPILL RESPONSE OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ON TRANSPORT

The article raises the issues of rail transport in many countries, including the European Union and Ukraine, transportation of various classes of dangerous goods, ensuring safety during their transportation, strengthening technical standards and environmental requirements for safety of dangerous goods transportation by all modes of transport and the problem of localization and liquidation of accidents during transportation of various classes of dangerous goods by rail is raised. Methods and methods of localization and elimination of spills of dangerous goods are discussed, the sorption method is described as the chosen method to solve the problem, a brief description of sorbents is given, various variants and modifications of materials for carbon sorbents are presented, materials will be used for universal sorption web, method of obtaining a universal sorption web, demonstrated a special installation for carbonization (Carbonizer), which was slightly modernized and made by the authors according to the design of the Engels University. The method of conducting experiments is described. The characteristics of the universal sorption web, its sorption properties are given, and also the technique of using the universal sorption web as a means for localization and / or liquidation of liquid hazardous substances of 3, 5, 8 hazard classes is proposed.

NITROGEN THERMAL DESORPTION OF AS A CONTROL METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF THE NANOPARTICLE SIZE IN COMPOSITIONS BASED ON ZINC OXIDE AND HYDROXYAPATITE

Работа посвящена анализу возможности применения метода тепловой десорбции азота для определения размеров наночастиц в композициях на основе гидроксиапатита и оксида цинка, изготовленных в форме таблеток с помощью ручного гидравлического пресса. Исходные порошки гидроксиапатита получены методом химического осаждения с использованием микроволнового излучения. С применением сорбционного метода БЭТ анализируется удельная поверхность порошков, составляющих композиции, до и после прессования, исследуется влияние состава композиций на удельную поверхность. Приводится расчет средних размеров наночастиц в композициях на основе результатов сорбционных измерений в рамках моделей сферических и стержневидных наночастиц. Область применения рассматриваемых материалов - медицина, в том числе использование в адресной доставке лекарств и в костной инженерии в качестве биоактивных покрытий, нанесенных на поверхность металлического биоимплантата. In this paper we consider the possibility of using the nitrogen thermal desorption method for determining the size of nanoparticles in compositions based on hydroxyapatite and zinc oxide. The compositions in the form of tablets were obtained using a manual water press. The initial powders of hydroxyapatite were obtained by chemical deposition using a microwave radiation. Using the BET sorption method, the specific surface area of the powders is analyzed before and after pressing, and the effect of the composition formulation on the specific surface area is investigated. The calculation of the average sizes of nanoparticles in composites is given on the basis of the results of sorption measurements within the framework of the models of spherical and rod-like nanoparticles. The field of application of the materials under consideration is medicine, including the use of nanocomposites in targeted drug delivery and in bone engineering as bioactive coatings applied to the surface of a metal bioimplant.

Analysis of the chemical composition and technological process of processing ash and slag waste from chpp

This article studies sorption method of extraction of rare earth elements (REEs) from ash and slag waste of Novo- Angren TPP. In this regard, the possibility of extracting REE from acidic solutions on the Purolite C100-H cation exchanger was investigated in the example of one of the REEs, lanthanum. Furthermore, dependence of the sorption of lanthanum on Purolite C-100N cation exchanger on pH of solution and dependence of the sorption of lanthanum on the Purolite C-100H cation exchanger on the concentration of the equilibrium solution were studied. In addition, lanthanum sorption was calculated from the difference in concentrations in the initial and equilibrium solutions.

Analysis of the efficiency of industrial water purification from heavy metals with a carbon-containing sorbent

The article presents the results of determining the efficiency of removing heavy metals from industrial wastewater by the sorption method using the “charge”, which is a waste of a coal mining enterprise, as well as activated carbon. Also, in addition to experimental data, the research material contains photographic materials of the sorbent surface and the result of its X-ray spectroscopy.

Estimation of the Filled Two-Component Cold Curing Polymer System Performance as a Coating for Protecting Concrete Surfaces from the Aggressive Environment Exposure

A filled two-component polymer cold curingsystem (FTCPS) is discussed in the article. To assess its corrosion resistance and durability, the indexes of reagent resistance were determined in accordance with the sorption method. What is optimal, since this value depends on the parameters of mass transfer, the intensity of the reaction, the size of the product, the duration of exposure to aggressive media and other factors. As aggressive media were taken: water, 5% hydrochloric acid solution, 25% aqueous ammonia solution, 10% sodium hydroxide solution, saturated sodium chloride solution. The exposure time was 360 days. Reagent resistance evaluation of the developed FTCPScompositionswas carried out on the basis of guidelines for determining the anticorrosive properties of protective coatings of concrete and laboratory test methods. Changes in the mass of the samples and their reagent resistance as a result of exposure to chemical reagents simulating an aggressive environment during operation were evaluated. The change in the index of reagent resistance in laboratory conditions did not go beyond the value of 0.80, which makes it possible to ensure reliable protection and operation of polymer-coated products under conditions of exposure to these aggressive environments.

Size Analysis Based on Sorption Study Data for Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles

This work is devoted to the study on the possibility of applying the method of analyzing the particle size of hydroxyapatite at various stages of synthesis. A series of hydroxyapatite powders obtained by chemical deposition using microwave radiation is considered. Determination of the size of hydroxyapatite nanorods is carried out on the basis of data on the density and specific surface area. The specific surface area is analyzed by the sorption method. Determination of the ratio "length / diameter" of nanorods is based on the analysis of images obtained by scanning electron microscopy.

THE SORPTION METHOD OF EXTRACTION OF BICHROMATE IONS FROM WASTEWATER

Sorption method for wastewater treatment from bichromate ions using AV-17-8chs anionite is considered. The conditions of effective cleaning are investigated. Determined, the working exchange capacity of the anion exchanger.

THE STUDY OF SORPTION OF NICKEL, COBALT, COPPER IONS RECOVERY FROM MULTICOMPONENT SOLUTIONS BY VARIOUS ION EXCHANGE RESINS

Статья посвящена одному из современных методов и технологий извлечения никеля, кобальта и меди из многокомпонентных растворов - сорбционный метод. В качестве сорбентов выступают ионообменная смола КУ-2-8 и хелатообразующие смолы. Рассмотрен один изметодов удаления веществ, сопутствующих, мешающих извлечению ценных компонентов, одним из которых является железо. The paper considers one of the modern methods and technologies of nickel, cobalt and copper recovery from multicomponent solutions; that is a sorption method. KU-2-8 ion exchange resin and chelating resins are present as sorbents. One of the method of substances which prevent removing valuable components is discussed. One of such substance is considered to be iron.

Research on elecctro-sorption method for air conditioning system with binary solution

Absorption air-conditioning system is a green air-conditioning system. With binary solution as the working fluid, the system performance is better with lower cost. To further improve the efficiency, an electrosorption method is proposed to regenerate the absorbent solution. Its principle is similar to capacitive deionization. The system with LiBr-CaCl2 has been confirmed in the improvement of performance, while the cost-effectiveness wasn’t ideal to satisfy the need of some cases. To solve this problem, the system with MgCl2-CaCl2 is proposed to analyze the enhancement in the cost-effectiveness. The theoretical and experimental results verify the advantage in the cost-effectiveness compared to the system with LiBr-CaCl2. Although the performance of the system with MgCl2-CaCl2 is lower than the other mixed solution, the actual COP could reach 1.9, which is still better than the system with single absorbents. Meanwhile, the energy recovery characteristic could further enhance the advantage in the improvement of performance for the system with LiBr-CaCl2 and make up the weakness of the system with MgCl2-CaCl2 solution. The exploration of higher energy recovery efficiency will further improve the competitiveness of the system.