scholarly journals Testing many keys in one lock: an unsuccessful yet fruitful quest for the cure of beri-beri

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-47
Author(s):  
Megumi Takashima ◽  
Chiaki Sano ◽  
Motonari Uesugi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Seed Biology ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
The World ◽  
Essential Nutrient ◽  
Vitamin B1 Deficiency

Sutematsu Kajiura found himself in the early 20th century where the known essential nutrients only consisted of amino acids, carbohydrates, fats, minerals and water. Therefore, scientists and doctors were navigating a battlefield without comprehensive knowledge of the terrain, being completely unaware of the essential sector of vitamins. This is the world in which our story was published and Kajiura was on a mission to find the cause of the ‘national disease,’ beriberi, now known to be caused primarily by thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency. Though Kajiura discovered neither the cause nor the cure, he made major contributions to plant seed biology by identifying and isolating the major protein in rice, oryzenin, which was later studied indepth. In addition, he was unknowingly a part of the massive movement toward the discovery of vitamins, the newest member of the essential nutrient family.

scholarly journals Thiamine Responsive Poli-oencephalomalacia in a Swan Goose- A Case Report

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. U. Digraskar ◽  
S. T. Borikar ◽  
A. S. Tawheed ◽  
B. S. Nithin ◽  
S. Neelam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Neuronal Membranes ◽  
Water Soluble Vitamin ◽  
General Weakness ◽  
Vitamin B1 Deficiency

Thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency in birds is caused by malnutrition or thiaminase-rich foods (raw freshwater fish) or foods high in anti-thiamine factors (betel nuts).Thiamine is an essential water soluble vitamin contributing phosphate derivatives that are involved in many cellular processes as coenzymes in the catabolism of sugars and amino acids. Also thiamine triphosphate (TTP) helps in proper functioning of neuronal membranes (Cooper and Pincus, 1979) and its deficiency leads to polyneuritis which is manifested as lethargy, head tremors, impaired digestion, general weakness, star-gazing and frequent convulsions

Comparative studies on vitamin B1 deficiency in whole blood of chronically haemodialysed patients: chromatographic, fluorimetric and PCA study

2021 ◽  
pp. 122880
Author(s):  
Paweł B. Rudnicki-Velasquez ◽  
Hanna Storoniak ◽  
Karolina Jagiełło ◽  
Joanna Kreczko–Kurzawa ◽  
Magdalena Jankowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Vitamin B1 Deficiency

Functional Properties of the Protein Isolate and Major Fractions of Pine Nut Proteins Prepared from the Changbai Mountain in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 766-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Wu ◽  
Wei Hong Min ◽  
Jing Sheng Liu ◽  
Li Fang ◽  
Hong Mei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Protein Solubility ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Changbai Mountain ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
Pine Nut ◽  
A Value

The functional properties of protein isolate and major protein fractions prepared from Changbai Mountain pine nuts were investigated. Albumin, globulin, glutelin, and protein isolates were obtained after the Osborne method and alkaline dissolution and acid precipitation, and protein contents of the fractions are 48.02%, 81.93%, 83.02%, and 89.69%, respectively. For the sulfhydryl contents, albumin is the highest, and glutelin is the lowest. In a disulphide bond, the protein isolate content is the highest with a value of 28.74 μmol/g, and the glutelin content is the lowest with the value of 13.46 μmol/g. For the four kinds of proteins, the essential amino acids in percentage of total amino acids are 31.13%, 34.22%, 30.30%, and 34.54%, respectively. The pH dependent protein solubility profile reveals that the minimum solubility is at pH 5.0, which corresponds to the isoelectric point. Protein isolate has the minimum water absorption capacity with a value of 0.59 ml/g. On the other hand, albumin has the minimum oil absorption capacity with a value of 2.11 ml/g. The emulsifying activity and stability and the foaming activity and stability increased with increasing concentration of four kinds of proteins. SDS-PAGE results showed that these four kinds of proteins have different molecules.

ADULT SCURVY ASSOCIATED WITH VITAMIN-B1 DEFICIENCY

The Lancet ◽  
1938 ◽  
Vol 231 (5990) ◽  
pp. 1385-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bruce Young
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Vitamin B1 Deficiency

scholarly journals Breeding for Flue – Cured Tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum L) Foliar Pest and Disease Resistance in Zimbabwe: A Review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justify Gotami Shava ◽  
Susan Richardson Kageler ◽  
Shorai Dari ◽  
Frank Magama ◽  
Dzingai Rukuni
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Quality Loss ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
The World

Since its introduction to Zimbabwean farmers in the early 20th Century, flue –cured tobacco has grown to become one of the most profitable field crops to cultivate in the country. However, pests and diseases have been reported as some of the major contributors to yield and quality loss in the business of tobacco farming in Zimbabwe and across the world reducing the profitability of the tobacco business. This has resulted in large sums of financial resources being invested in research aimed at controlling pests and diseases in different crops. In Zimbabwe millions of litres of pesticides have been pumped into the environment in an effort to control pests and diseases in flue-cured tobacco fields. There have also been efforts to incorporate inherent pest and disease resistance in the varieties of flue-cured tobacco developed in the country since the early 1940s. This paper is a review of the breeding efforts to incorporate pest and disease resistance in the elite flue-cured tobacco germplasm used to develop some of the popular varieties in Zimbabwe.

Long-term organic and conventional farming effects on nutrient density of oats

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Chiwo Omondi ◽  
Marisa Wagner ◽  
Atanu Mukherjee ◽  
Kristine Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Amino Acid Synthesis ◽  
Organic Systems ◽  
Nutrient Density

Abstract Declining nutrient densities of crops in the past 50–70 years have been attributed to unsound agricultural practices and plant breeding focus on yield rather than quality. Few studies have quantified the soil and nutritional quality of grains in organic and conventional farms and reported results are scarce and inconsistent. The Rodale Institute's Farming Systems Trial (FST) was established in 1981 to quantify the effects of long-term organic and conventional grain cropping systems and tillage practices. A 2014 study to quantify effects on the nutrient density of oat grains was integrated into three systems within the long-term trial: organic manure-based (MNR), organic legume-based (LEG), and conventional synthetic input-based (CNV), split between tilled (T) and no-till (NT) practices. Oat grains with hulls removed were analyzed for minerals (n = 24), vitamins (n = 24), amino acids (n = 24) and proteins (n = 24), while soil samples to a depth of 10 cm were analyzed for elemental minerals, and total carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S). Organic systems increased six out ten soil minerals whose concentrations were influenced by cropping systems: aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), calcium (Ca), barium (B) and strontium (Sr). All essential amino acids were greater in oat grains under LEG systems compared with other systems except lysine, histidine and methionine. Both LEG systems also increased 12 out of 13 non-essential amino acids in oat grains. Total oat N, C and S required for amino acid synthesis tended to be greater in organic systems. Soil N, C and S were highly correlated with total oat amino acids under organic systems compared to CNV. Organic LEG had significantly greater vitamin B1 than MNR and CNV. These results suggest that nutrient concentrations of oat grains were greater in organic systems compared to CNV systems, and the increase could be partially explained by the long-term soil management differences between the systems.

11. Is Marx still relevant?

2018 ◽  
pp. 101-118
Author(s):  
Peter Singer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Financial Crises ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Dominant Ideology ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Proletarian Revolution

By the early 20th century, Marxism was the dominant ideology of the left, especially in Europe. Marxism spread significantly around the world after the two world wars, but Marx’s prominence went into abrupt decline in 1991, with the collapse of the Soviet Union. Since then, China has been the most significant avowedly Marxist country. ‘Is Marx still relevant?’ considers whether Marx’s views are still relevant when dealing with worldwide inequality, global financial crises, the age of globalization, and climate change. It concludes that Marx’s ideas about the role that economic interests play in our intellectual and political lives will remain relevant, but that his prediction of the inevitability of a proletarian revolution will not.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document