scholarly journals The wall teichoic acids of Lactobacillus plantarum N.I.R.D. C106. Location of the phosphodiester groups and separation of the chains

1971 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Archibald ◽  
Hilary E. Coapes
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Teichoic Acid ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
Teichoic Acids ◽  
Wall Teichoic Acids ◽  
Adjacent Unit

1. The identities of the component glycerol glucosides of the wall teichoic acids of Lactobacillus plantarum N.I.R.D. C106 have been confirmed by methylation analysis. These glucosides are α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→1)-l-glycerol, α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→1)-l-glycerol and α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→1)-l-glycerol. 2. These units are connected by phosphodiester groups attached to the 3(l)-hydroxyl group of glycerol and the 6-hydroxyl group of the non-reducing terminal glucose residues in the adjacent unit. 3. Concanavalin A forms a precipitate with the teichoic acid and the material so precipitated contains only the α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-d-glucopyranosyl -(1→1)-l-glycerol component. This unit is therefore present in a homogeneous polymer so that the teichoic acid is a mixture of this and of other possibly homogeneous chains containing the other two components.

scholarly journals Teichoic acids possessing phosphate–sugar linkages in strains of Lactobacillus plantarum

1969 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Adams ◽  
A. R. Archibald ◽  
J Baddiley ◽  
Hilary E. Coapes ◽  
A L Davison
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Teichoic Acid ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Teichoic Acids ◽  
Primary Hydroxyl ◽  
Group D

Cell walls of strains of Lactobacillus plantarum lacking the group D precipitinogen (a glucosylribitol teichoic acid) contain glucosylglycerol teichoic acid in which the glycosidic substituents are attached to the primary hydroxyl group of glycerol. Three distinct repeating units have been isolated from the teichoic acid preparation of strain C106, indicating either that the polymer is complex or that the wall contains a mixture of teichoic acids. Walls of streptobacteria differ from those of L. plantarum and contain neither teichoic acid nor diaminopimelic acid.

scholarly journals The structure of carbohydrate unit B of porcine thyroglobulin

1981 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 701-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Yamamoto ◽  
T Tsuji ◽  
T Irimura ◽  
T Osawa
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
The Other ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
Complex Type ◽  
Mannose Residue ◽  
Sugar Chains ◽  
Carbohydrate Unit

The oligosaccharide fraction was obtained from porcine thyroglobulin by hydrazinolysis. Four fractions of unit B-type oligosaccharides were purified by successive chromatographies on columns of DEAE-cellulose and concanavalin A-Sepharose, and their structures were investigated by the combination of endo- and exo-glycosidase digestions, methylation analysis and Smith degradation. From the results of these studies, the structures of the unit B oligosaccharides were proposed to be as follows: see formula in text. Thus the glycoprotein was found to have triantennary and biantennary complex-type oligosaccharides as acidic sugar chains. Concerning the triantennary oligosaccharides, the following structural features were shown: (1) the sialic acid residues were not localized on certain specific branches but distributed on all three branches; (2) however, alpha (2 leads to 3)-linked sialic acid residues were exclusively located on the terminal of the branch arising from C-4 of the branching alpha-mannose residue, whereas alpha (2 leads to 6)-linked sialic acid residues occupied terminals of the other branches; (3) the outer branching alpha-mannose residue was attached to C-3 or C-6 of an inner branching beta-linked mannose residue, and both types were observed to exist.

scholarly journals Wall teichoic acids govern cationic gold nanoparticle interaction with Gram-positive bacterial cell walls

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4106-4118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily R. Caudill ◽  
Rodrigo Tapia Hernandez ◽  
Kyle P. Johnson ◽  
James T. O'Rourke ◽  
Lingchao Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Gold Nanoparticle ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Teichoic Acid ◽  
Wall Teichoic Acid ◽  
Teichoic Acids ◽  
Wall Teichoic Acids ◽  
Acid Structure ◽  
Cationic Gold

Cationic gold nanoparticle interaction with strains of Bacillus subtilis is dictated by wall teichoic acid structure and composition.

scholarly journals Teichoic Acid Is an Essential Polymer in Bacillus subtilis That Is Functionally Distinct from Teichuronic Acid

2004 ◽  
Vol 186 (23) ◽  
pp. 7865-7873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit P. Bhavsar ◽  
Laura K. Erdman ◽  
Jeffrey W. Schertzer ◽  
Eric D. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Teichoic Acid ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Glycerol Phosphate ◽  
Wall Teichoic Acid ◽  
Teichoic Acids ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Teichuronic Acid ◽  
Wall Teichoic Acids

ABSTRACT Wall teichoic acids are anionic, phosphate-rich polymers linked to the peptidoglycan of gram-positive bacteria. In Bacillus subtilis, the predominant wall teichoic acid types are poly(glycerol phosphate) in strain 168 and poly(ribitol phosphate) in strain W23, and they are synthesized by the tag and tar gene products, respectively. Growing evidence suggests that wall teichoic acids are essential in B. subtilis; however, it is widely believed that teichoic acids are dispensable under phosphate-limiting conditions. In the work reported here, we carefully studied the dispensability of teichoic acid under phosphate-limiting conditions by constructing three new mutants. These strains, having precise deletions in tagB, tagF, and tarD, were dependent on xylose-inducible complementation from a distal locus (amyE) for growth. The tarD deletion interrupted poly(ribitol phosphate) synthesis in B. subtilis and represents a unique deletion of a tar gene. When teichoic acid biosynthetic proteins were depleted, the mutants showed a coccoid morphology and cell wall thickening. The new wall teichoic acid biogenesis mutants generated in this work and a previously reported tagD mutant were not viable under phosphate-limiting conditions in the absence of complementation. Cell wall analysis of B. subtilis grown under phosphate-limited conditions showed that teichoic acid contributed approximately one-third of the wall anionic content. These data suggest that wall teichoic acid has an essential function in B. subtilis that cannot be replaced by teichuronic acid.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity of Lactobacillus plantarum NJAU-01 in an animal model of aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingfeng Ge ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Rui Liu ◽  
Donglei Jiang ◽  
Hai Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Meat Product ◽  
The Other ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Sterile Saline

Abstract Background Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause serious damage to the human body and may cause various chronic diseases. Studies have found that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have antioxidant and anti-aging effects, and are important resources for the development of microbial antioxidants. This paper was to explore the potential role of an antioxidant strain, Lactobacillus plantarum NJAU-01 screened from traditional dry-cured meat product Jinhua Ham in regulating D-galactose-induced subacute senescence of mice. A total of 48 specific pathogen free Kun Ming mice (SPF KM mice) were randomly allocated into 6 groups: control group with sterile saline injection, aging group with subcutaneously injection of D-galactose, treatments groups with injection of D-galactose and intragastric administration of 107, 108, and 109 CFU/mL L. plantarum NJAU-01, and positive control group with injection of D-galactose and intragastric administration of 1 mg/mL Vitamin C. Results The results showed that the treatment group of L. plantarum NJAU-01 at 109 CFU/mL showed higher total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and the antioxidant enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) than those of the other groups in serum, heart and liver. In contrast, the content of the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) showed lower levels than the other groups (P < 0.05). The antioxidant capacity was improved with the supplement of the increasing concentration of L. plantarum NJAU-01. Conclusions Thus, this study demonstrates that L. plantarum NJAU-01 can alleviate oxidative stress by increasing the activities of enzymes involved in oxidation resistance and decreasing level of lipid oxidation in mice.

scholarly journals Amide-Type Substrates in the Synthesis of N-Protected 1-Aminomethylphosphonium Salts

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 552
Author(s):  
Dominika Kozicka ◽  
Paulina Zieleźny ◽  
Karol Erfurt ◽  
Jakub Adamek
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Times ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Work Up

Herein we describe the development and optimization of a two-step procedure for the synthesis of N-protected 1-aminomethylphosphonium salts from imides, amides, carbamates, or lactams. Our “step-by-step” methodology involves the transformation of amide-type substrates to the corresponding hydroxymethyl derivatives, followed by the substitution of the hydroxyl group with a phosphonium moiety. The first step of the described synthesis was conducted based on well-known protocols for hydroxymethylation with formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde. In turn, the second (substitution) stage required optimization studies. In general, reactions of amide, carbamate, and lactam derivatives occurred at a temperature of 70 °C in a relatively short time (1 h). On the other hand, N-hydroxymethylimides reacted with triarylphosphonium salts at a much higher temperature (135 °C) and over longer reaction times (as much as 30 h). However, the proposed strategy is very efficient, especially when NaBr is used as a catalyst. Moreover, a simple work-up procedure involving only crystallization afforded good to excellent yields (up to 99%).

Cell wall teichoic acids of Bacillus licheniformis VKM B-511T, Bacillus pumilus VKM B-508T, and other strains previously assigned to Bacillus pumilus

Microbiology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Streshinskaya ◽  
A. S. Shashkov ◽  
Yu. I. Kozlova ◽  
E. M. Tul’skaya ◽  
E. B. Kudryashova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Teichoic Acids ◽  
Wall Teichoic Acids

New structures and composition of cell wall teichoic acids from Nocardiopsis synnemataformans, Nocardiopsis halotolerans, Nocardiopsis composta and Nocardiopsis metallicus: a chemotaxonomic value

2014 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 1105-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena M. Tul’skaya ◽  
Alexander S. Shashkov ◽  
Galina M. Streshinskaya ◽  
Natalia V. Potekhina ◽  
Ludmila I. Evtushenko
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Teichoic Acids ◽  
Wall Teichoic Acids
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