scholarly journals Effects of starvation on intermediary metabolism in the lactating cow. A comparison with metabolic changes occurring during bovine ketosis

1972 ◽  
Vol 128 (5) ◽  
pp. 1311-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Baird ◽  
R. J. Heitzman ◽  
K. G. Hibbitt
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Blood Concentration ◽  
Ketone Bodies ◽  
Fat Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

1. The purpose of this study was to determine the nature of the metabolic changes associated with carbohydrate and fat metabolism that occurred in the blood and liver of lactating dairy cows during starvation for 6 days. 2. During starvation, the blood concentrations of the free fatty acids and ketone bodies increased, whereas that of citrate decreased. After an initial increase, the blood concentration of glucose subsequently declined as starvation progressed. Starvation caused a significant decrease in the plasma concentration of serine and a significant increase in that of leucine. 3. After 6 days of starvation the hepatic concentrations of oxaloacetate, citrate, phosphoenolpyruvate, 2-phosphoglycerate, 3-phosphoglycerate, glucose, glycogen, ATP and NAD+ had all decreased, as had the hepatic activities of phosphopyruvate carboxylase (EC 4.1.1.32) and pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40). 4. The above metabolic changes are similar to those previously found to occur in cows suffering from spontaneous ketosis (Baird et al., 1968; Baird & Heitzman, 1971). 5. Milk yield decreased progressively during starvation. 6. There were marked differences in the ability of individual animals to resist the onset of severe starvation ketosis.

scholarly journals Supplemental Dietary Fat from Extruded Soybeans and Calcium Soaps of Fatty Acids for Lactating Dairy Cows

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Kook Kim ◽  
David J. Schingoethe ◽  
David P. Casper ◽  
Fenton C. Ludens
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

scholarly journals Influence of Dietary Fish Oil on Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Other Fatty Acids in Milk Fat from Lactating Dairy Cows

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (11) ◽  
pp. 2620-2628 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Donovan ◽  
D.J. Schingoethe ◽  
R.J. Baer ◽  
J. Ryali ◽  
A.R. Hippen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Dietary Fish

scholarly journals Addition of unsaturated fatty acids improves digestion of mid lactating dairy cows

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (244) ◽  
pp. 563-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.E. Freitas Júnior ◽  
F.P. Rennó ◽  
J.R. Gandra ◽  
L.N. Rennó ◽  
A.C. Rego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

scholarly journals Effects of altering the ratio of dietary n-6 to n-3 fatty acids on spontaneous luteolysis in lactating dairy cows

2018 ◽  
Vol 101 (11) ◽  
pp. 10536-10556 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.F. Greco ◽  
J.T. Neves Neto ◽  
A. Pedrico ◽  
F.S. Lima ◽  
R.S. Bisinotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on the Ovaries of Lactating Dairy Cows During Ovsynch.

2010 ◽  
Vol 83 (Suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 626-626
Author(s):  
Mallikarjun C. Bidarimath ◽  
Leslie A. MacLaren ◽  
Modou Camara ◽  
Melissa A. Moggy ◽  
Alan Fredeen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

scholarly journals Absorption of volatile fatty acids from the rumen of lactating dairy cows as influenced by volatile fatty acid concentration, pH and rumen liquid volume

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Dijkstra ◽  
Huug Boer ◽  
Jaap Van Bruchem ◽  
Marianne Bruining ◽  
Seerp Tamminga
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Liquid Volume ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid Concentration ◽  
Fractional Absorption

The effect of rumen liquid volume, pH and concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA) on the rates of absorption of acetic, propionic and butyric acids from the rumen was examined in lactating dairy cows. Experimental solutions introduced into the emptied, washed rumen comprised two different volumes (10 or 30 1), four levels of pH (4.5, 5.4, 6.3, 7.2) and three levels of individual VFA concentrations (20, 50 or 100 mM-acetic, propionic or butyric acid). All solutions contained a total of 170 mM-VFA and an osmotic value of 400 mOsmol/l. Absorption rates were calculated from the disappearance of VFA from the rumen corrected for passage with liquid phase to the omasum. An increase in initial fluid pH caused a reduction in fractional absorption rates of propionic and butyric acids. Increasing the initial pH from 4.5 to 7.2 reduced fractional absorption rates of acetic, propionic and butyric acids from 0.35, 0.67 and 0.85 to 0.21, 0.35 and 0.28/h respectively. The fractional absorption rates of all VFA were reduced (P < 0.05) by an increase in initial rumen volume. The fractional absorption rate of acetic acid was lower (P < 0.05) at an initial concentration of 20 mM than of 50 mM. The fractional absorption rate of propionic acid tended (P < 0.10) to decrease as the level of concentration increased while fractional absorption rate of butyric acid was not affected by butyric acid concentration. These results indicate that relative concentrations of VFA in rumen fluid might not represent relative production rates and that attempts to estimate individual VFA production from substrate digestion must take account of pH and VFA concentration.

scholarly journals Oocyte quality in lactating dairy cows fed on high levels of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids

Reproduction ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. 771-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali A Fouladi-Nashta ◽  
Karen E Wonnacott ◽  
Carlos G Gutierrez ◽  
Jin G Gong ◽  
Kevin D Sinclair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

Different fatty acid (FA) sources are known to influence reproductive hormones in cattle, yet there is little information on how dietary FAs affect oocyte quality. Effects of three dietary sources of FAs (supplying predominantly palmitic and oleic, linoleic (n-6) or linolenic (n-3) acids) on developmental potential of oocytes were studied in lactating dairy cows. A total of 12 Holstein cows received three diets containing rumen inert fat (RIF), soyabean or linseed as the main FA source for three periods of 25 days in a Latin-square design. Within each period, oocytes were collected in four ovum pick-up sessions at 3–4 day intervals. FA profiles in plasma and milk reflected profiles of dietary FA sources, but major FAs in granulosa cells were not affected. Dietary FA source did not affect plasma concentrations of leptin, insulin, IGF1, GH, or amino acids. RIF led to a higher proportion of cleaved embryos than soya or linseed, but blastocyst yield and embryo quality were not affected. It is concluded that the ovary buffers oocytes against the effects of fluctuations in plasma n-3 and n-6 FAs, resulting in only modest effects on their developmental potential.

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