scholarly journals Thermodynamics for the interaction of ε-dinitrophenyl-l-lysine and bovine colostral anti-dinitrophenyl immunoglobulin G2

1978 ◽  
Vol 173 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
T K S Mukkur
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Heat Capacity Change ◽  
Compensation Mechanism ◽  
Linear Least Squares ◽  
Capacity Change ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Entropy Factor ◽  
Hoff Plot ◽  
Computer Procedure

The effect of varying the temperature over a wide range (4–60 degrees C) on the binding of epsilon-dinitrophenyl-L-lysine to bovine colostral anti-dinitrophenyl immunoglobulin G2 yielded a non-linear van′t Hoff plot. The extent of curvature was indicative of a large positive heat-capacity change, and the thermodynamic parameters, calculated by using a non-linear least squares computer procedure, revealed an enthalpy–entropy-compensation mechanism for hapten-antibody binding. The enthalpy factor was found to be the primary contributor for the complex-formation at low temperatures, but at increasing temperatures the entropy factor assumed greater importance. At physiological temperature (39 degrees C), the entropy factor was the major contributor to the free energy of reaction.

scholarly journals Testing and Applications of Non-Linear Wave Shaping Circuits Based on Zener Diodes at Cryogenic Temperatures

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 4910-4918
Author(s):  
A. M. Abd El-Maksood
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
Linear Wave ◽  
Cryogenic Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
The Stability

            Applications of wave-shaping clipping circuits based on Zener diodes are of great interest in a wide range of modern electronic systems. As well, given the strong interest in space research and trips to distant planets, where the journey takes long periods. Therefore, the matter requires reliance on electronic systems with special specifications commensurate with the nature of the extremely low-temperature environments, down to cryogenic level (around 90 K). So, the present paper was concerned with studying the stability of the performance of different non-linear wave-shaping systems, based on silicon Zener diodes, whenever operates at very low temperatures down to cryogenic levels. From which, it is clear that for BZX79-C4V7 and BZX79-C5V6 Zeners, such electronic systems were shown to be insensitive to temperature variations. On the other hand, low breakdown voltage Zeners (BZV86-1V4 and BZX83-C3V6), the clipping edges were shown to be increased with lowering temperatures from 300 K down to 93 K. Finally, for Zener diodes with VZ greater than 6.0 V (BZX83-C6V8 and BZX55C9V1), the temperature coefficient is positive, so the clipping edges decrease with lowering temperatures, for the same range of temperatures.

scholarly journals Thermodynamics and Intermolecular Interactions of Nicotinamide in Neat and Binary Solutions: Experimental Measurements and COSMO-RS Concentration Dependent Reactions Investigations

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7365
Author(s):  
Piotr Cysewski ◽  
Maciej Przybyłek ◽  
Anna Kowalska ◽  
Natalia Tymorek
Keyword(s):  
Intermolecular Interactions ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Perfect Match ◽  
Zero Point ◽  
Heat Capacity Change ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Capacity Change ◽  
Self Association

In this study, the temperature-dependent solubility of nicotinamide (niacin) was measured in six neat solvents and five aqueous-organic binary mixtures (methanol, 1,4-dioxane, acetonitrile, DMSO and DMF). It was discovered that the selected set of organic solvents offer all sorts of solvent effects, including co-solvent, synergistic, and anti-solvent features, enabling flexible tuning of niacin solubility. In addition, differential scanning calorimetry was used to characterize the fusion thermodynamics of nicotinamide. In particular, the heat capacity change upon melting was measured. The experimental data were interpreted by means of COSMO-RS-DARE (conductor-like screening model for realistic solvation–dimerization, aggregation, and reaction extension) for concentration dependent reactions. The solute–solute and solute–solvent intermolecular interactions were found to be significant in all of the studied systems, which was proven by the computed mutual affinity of the components at the saturated conditions. The values of the Gibbs free energies of pair formation were derived at an advanced level of theory (MP2), including corrections for electron correlation and zero point vibrational energy (ZPE). In all of the studied systems the self-association of nicotinamide was found to be a predominant intermolecular complex, irrespective of the temperature and composition of the binary system. The application of the COSMO-RS-DARE approach led to a perfect match between the computed and measured solubility data, by optimizing the parameter of intermolecular interactions.

scholarly journals Adaptive Robust Kernels for Non-Linear Least Squares Problems

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Nived Chebrolu ◽  
Thomas Labe ◽  
Olga Vysotska ◽  
Jens Behley ◽  
Cyrill Stachniss
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Linear Least Squares ◽  
Least Squares Problems ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Linear Least Squares Problems

Magnetic Quantum Oscillations from Surface States of Bi Nanowires

2011 ◽  
Vol 1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Konopko ◽  
T. E. Huber ◽  
A. A. Nikolaeva
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Surface States ◽  
Charge Carriers ◽  
Quantum Oscillations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Spin Orbit Interactions ◽  
Conducting Tube ◽  
Magnetic Quantum Oscillations ◽  
Strong Spin

ABSTRACTIn this work, we report the results of studies of the transverse magnetoresistance (MR) of single-crystal Bi nanowires with diameter d<80 nm. The single-crystal nanowire samples were prepared by the Taylor-Ulitovsky technique. Due to the semimetal-to-semiconductor transformation and high density of surface states with strong spin-orbit interactions, the charge carriers are confined to the conducting tube made of surface states. The non monotonic changes of transverse MR that are equidistant in a direct magnetic field were observed at low temperatures in a wide range of magnetic fields up to 14 T. The period of oscillations depends on the wire diameter d as for the case of longitudinal MR. An interpretation of transverse MR oscillations is presented.

Non-Linear Least-Squares Regression

2000 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidney Young ◽  
Andrzej Wierzbicki
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Linear Least Squares ◽  
Non Linear

scholarly journals Heat capacity change for ribonuclease A folding

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1500-1504 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Nick Pace ◽  
Gerald R. Grimsley ◽  
Susan T. Thomas ◽  
George I. Makhatadze
Keyword(s):  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Ribonuclease A ◽  
Heat Capacity Change ◽  
Capacity Change

Study of the low cycle fatigue of 12Cr18Ni10Ti steel based on fractal analysis and artificial intelligence approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
A. A. Khlybov ◽  
Yu. G. Kabaldin ◽  
M. S. Anosov ◽  
D. A. Ryabov ◽  
D. A. Shatagin
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Main Crack ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Number Of Cycles ◽  
Dimension Index

The evolution of the structure and assessment of the age limit of steel 12Cr18Ni10Ti upon fatigue loading is considered using neural network modeling and approaches of fractal analysis of the microstructure. An algorithm for processing images of the microstructures has been developed to improve their quality. An indicator of the fractal dimension of the image is used as a quantitative indicator for assessing the evolution of the microstructure of the surface metal layer. A quantitative assessment of the structures at different stress amplitudes is carried out in a wide range of low temperatures using the fractal dimension index. Correlation of the fractal dimension index with the run of the sample material is shown. The appearance of the main crack was observed in the range of 0.7 - 0.8 from the number of cycles to failure, after which the crack growth rate increased. At a lower temperature, the main crack is formed later, but further loading results in a higher crack growth rate. Formation of the secondary phases in austenitic steel at a lower temperature occurred at earlier stages than that at a temperature of t = +20°C, which led to hardening of the material. An artificial neural network (ANN) has been developed and trained for assessing structural changes in metal proceeding from the fractal dimensionality of the microstructure images at different stages of fatigue loading. The developed neural network made it possible to estimate with a sufficiently high accuracy the number of cycles before damage of the sample and the residual life of the material. Thus, the developed ANN can be used to assess the current state of the material in a wide range of low temperatures.

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