Ki+-Na+o Countertransport in Erythrocytes of Patients with Essential Hypertension

1. We describe in this paper a new ouabain-insensitive pathway for Na+ and K+ in human erythrocytes. K+ efflux was measured in cells loaded by the p-chloromercuribenzene-sulphonate (PCMBS) procedure to contain approximately equal amounts of Na+ and K+. K+ efflux was stimulated by external Na+ in the presence of ouabain and frusemide. Na+-stimulated K+ efflux was 0.35 ± 0.12 (mmol h−1 l−1 of cells) in eight normal subjects and 0.64 ± 0.13 in 13 patients with essential hypertension. 2. The Na+-stimulated K+ efflux was not observed in cells loaded in the presence of EGTA. This inhibition by EGTA suggests that K+ efflux is dependent on intracellular calcium. The Ki+-Nao+ countertransport of hypertensive patients was also inhibited by EGTA. The elevated K+—Na+ countertransport of hypertensive patients could be due to a higher intracellular Ca2+ content (Cai2+) or to an increased affinity for Cai2+. The relationship of this pathway to the Gardos effect is not clear since Na+-stimulated K+ efflux occurs without metabolic depletion or inhibition of the Ca2+ pump. As a tentative hypothesis, we relate the Ca2+-dependent downhill movement of K+ and Na+ to the Ca2+-dependent channels described in muscle and nerve, but other hypotheses cannot be excluded at this stage of our research.

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The Relationship of Root Mean Square Value of Electromyography and Isometric Torque of Quadriceps in Normal Subjects

Rehabilitation Medicine ◽

10.3724/spj.1329.2016.01.058 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 58

Author(s):

Qiurong XIE ◽

Zheng JIANG ◽

Qinglu LUO ◽

Jie LIANG ◽

Xiaoling WANG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Mean Square ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Mean Square ◽

Isometric Torque ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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The relationship of adrenomedullin and left ventricular remodeling in older patients with essential hypertension

Heart ◽

10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300867.335 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 97 (Suppl 3) ◽

pp. A113-A114

Author(s):

H. Jiang ◽

S. Peng

Keyword(s):

Essential Hypertension ◽

Older Patients ◽

Ventricular Remodeling ◽

Left Ventricular Remodeling ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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Abstract 18907: Relationships Between Renal Haemodynamics With Cardiac and Aortic Haemodynamics in the Early Stages of Essential Hypertension

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.130.suppl_2.18907 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽

Author(s):

Konstantinos Kintis ◽

Costas Tsioufis ◽

Anastasia Mazaraki ◽

Evaggelia Koutra ◽

Lefki Nikolopoulou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Hypertension ◽

Augmentation Index ◽

Resistive Index ◽

Renal Haemodynamics ◽

Renal Resistive Index ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Diastolic Velocity ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Cardiac Haemodynamics

Introduction: The relationship of renal haemodynamics with cardiac and aortic hameodynamics is still unclear. Hypothesis: We evaluated the relationship of increased renal resistive index (RRI) with Augmentation index (AIx) and cardiac haemodynamics by means of mitral annular early diastolic velocity (E/Ea) in untreated patients with essential hypertension. Methods: 76 newly diagnosed untreated non diabetic patients with stage I-II essential hypertension [35 males, aged 50 years, office blood pressure (BP) = 143/ 91 mm Hg], underwent ABPM, complete echocardiographic study for determination of E/Ea and blood sampling for assessment of metabolic profile. Moreover, data on renal resistive index (RRI), obtained by Doppler ultrasound sampling of the intrarenal arteries, as well as augmentation index (AIx), were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Based on the mean value of RRI (0.60), hypertensives were classified into those with high and low RRI. Hypertensives with high RRI values compared to those with low values were older (55.6±9.8 vs 44.4±11.6 years, p < 0.001), had lower 24-hour diastolic BP (77.5±7.7 vs 84.3±6.7 mmHg, p < 0.001), lower 24-hour HR (71.2±10.3 vs 76.2±9.2 bpm, p < 0.05), higher levels of AIx (27.2±8.2 vs 17.8±14.8 %, p < 0.01), and higher values of E/Ea (lateral) (7.7±1.8 vs 6.2±2.3, p < 0.05). In the total population, RRI was negatively related to 24-hour diastolic BP (r = -0.523, p < 0.001) and 24-hour HR (r = -0.281, p < 0.05), while it was positively associated with CRP (r = 0.335, p < 0.05), TChol (r = 0.296, p < 0.01), age (r = 0.443, r < 0.001), AIx (r = 0.413, p = 0.001) and E/Ea(lateral) (r = 0.465, p < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed that 24-hour diastolic BP and E/Ea (lateral) were independent associated with RRI (R2 = 0.434, p < 0.05). Conclusions: Increased vascular resistance of intrarenal arteries is associated with impaired aortic and cardiac haemodynamics, as reflected by increased AIx and E/Ea (lateral) values. RRI may be considered a useful surrogate of haemodynamics in essential hypertension.

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Secretion rate of dehydroepiandrosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in benign essential hypertension as compared to normal subjects

Canadian Journal of Biochemistry ◽

10.1139/o70-203 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 48 (12) ◽

pp. 1308-1313 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

A. Shao ◽

W. Nowaczynski ◽

O. Kuchel ◽

J. Genest

Keyword(s):

Essential Hypertension ◽

Isotope Dilution ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ◽

Secretion Rate ◽

Isotope Dilution Method ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Double Isotope ◽

Column Chromatographic

A study of the secretion rate of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) in normal subjects and patients with benign essential hypertension by a double isotope dilution method showed a fivefold increase in the secretion rate of dehydroepiandrosterone (from 9.8 mg/day ± 3.1 mg/day S.D. to 52.0 mg/day ± 15.5 mg/day S.D.), and a sixfold increase of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in hypertensive patients (from 10.7 mg/day ± 2.9 mg/day S.D. to 60.7 mg/day ± 18.6 mg/day S.D.). This study was carried out following the administration of 14C-labelled DHEA and 3H-labelled DHEA-S and involved an initial column chromatographic separation of urinary DHEA-glucuronide and sulfate.

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Increased Generation of Vascular Reactive Oxygen Species by Ang II Is Mediated Via Src-Dependent Pathways in Essential Hypertension.

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hyp.36.suppl_1.685-b ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽

pp. 685-685

Author(s):

Rhian M Touyz ◽

Ernesto L Schiffrin

Keyword(s):

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Essential Hypertension ◽

Nadph Oxidase ◽

Reactive Oxygen ◽

Leucine Incorporation ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Ang Ii ◽

Growth Responses ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

In Cells

42 We tested the hypothesis that augmented Ang II-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) growth in human hypertension is mediated via Src-dependent pathways that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). VSMCs from arteries of normotensive and hypertensive subjects were studied. Production of ROS was measured by fluorescence digital imaging using dichlorofluorescin diacetate (6 μM). The roles of Src and NADH/NADPH oxidase were assessed with the specific inhibitors, PP2 (10 μM) and diphenylene iodinium (DPI) (10 μM) respectively. c-Src phosphorylation was determined by western blot and kinase activity was assessed by measuring enolase phosphorylation. Ang II increased DCFDA fluorescence. This effect was inhibited by catalase, indicating that the signal was derived predominantly from H 2 O 2 . Ang II increased H 2 O 2 production within 40 minutes. Responses were greater (p<0.05) in cells from hypertensive patients (E max =82±nM) than normotensive subjects (E max = 67±nM). DPI and PP2, but not PP3 (inactive analogue) attenuated (p<0.05) Ang II-induced H 2 O 2 production. PP2 effects were greater in cells from hypertensive patients (delta H 2 O 2 , 28±5nM) vs controls (delta H 2 O 2 , 16±2nM). Ang II increased c-Src phosphorylation and activity, with responses 3-4 fold higher in hypertensives. DPI and PP2 (p<0.01) attenuated Ang II-induced DNA and protein synthesis, as measured by 3 H-thymidine and 3 H-leucine incorporation respectively. Growth responses in hypertensive patients were normalized by PP2. In VSMCs from hypertensive patients, Ang II-induced generation of ROS and growth are augmented. These effects are mediated, in part, by Src-dependent, NADH/NADPH oxidase-dependent cascades. Thus increased Src activity may be an upstream modulator of redox-sensitive pathways that regulate vascular growth and remodeling in essential hypertension.

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Clinical and laboratory observations on serum folate-binding protein

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v46.4.599.599 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 46 (4) ◽

pp. 599-609 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

ER Eichner ◽

CJ Paine ◽

VL Dickson ◽

MD Jr Hargrove

Keyword(s):

Binding Protein ◽

Elevated Serum ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Serum Folate ◽

Folate Level ◽

Folate Binding Protein ◽

Serum Folate Level ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Abstract We studied the effect of serum folate-binding protein (FBP) on folate radioassays and the relationship of the serum level of unsaturated FBP to the serum folate level in various clinical states. Our modification of a heat-extracted radioassay was compared to a whole serum radioassay. Our results confirmed the existence of elevated serum levels of unsaturated FBP in some normal subjects, in some women taking oral contraceptives, and in most patients with uremia. Elevated levels of unsaturated FBP will produce falsely low results in folate radioassay unless the FBP has been destroyed by heat, as was done in the modified radioassay here presented. In normal and uremic subjects, serum folate and unsaturated FBP levels tended to correlate, whereas in patients taking large doses of folic acid the level of unsaturated FBP fell as the level of serum folate rose.

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GW26-e0108 A Preliminary Research on the Relationship of Serum Chloride with Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Hypertensive Patients

Journal of the American College of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/j.jacc.2015.06.748 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 66 (16) ◽

pp. C196

Author(s):

Yongping Zhang ◽

Nanfang Li ◽

Mayila Kamilijiang ◽

Hong jing ◽

Li juan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Serum Chloride ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Preliminary Research ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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The Relationship of Blood Pressure to Hospitalization, Dietary Sodium and Serum Renin in Essential Hypertension

Angiology ◽

10.1177/000331977002100202 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 75-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Daniel K. Bloomfield ◽

Anne B. Gould ◽

JOSE L. Cangiano ◽

Victor Vertes

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Essential Hypertension ◽

Human Serum ◽

Direct Relationship ◽

Dietary Sodium ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Methods Of Measurement ◽

Sensitive Method

A direct relationship between the level of renin in the blood and the height of the blood pressure in humans has not been definitely established. Hitherto, the development of methods of measurement of renin has been fraught with great technical difficulties. Recently, Gould et al. developed a sensitive method for the assay of renin in human serum. The use of this method has enabled us to undertake a study of the relationship of the level of circulating renin in the blood to the height of the blood pressure under various conditions in patients with essential hypertension. The main purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between the level of circulating renin in the blood and the fall of blood pressure which occurs as a result of hospitalization and reduction of dietary sodium.

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Associations of Sun Exposure with 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Parathyroid Hormone Levels in a Cohort of Hypertensive Patients: The Graz Endocrine Causes of Hypertension (GECOH) Study

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2012/732636 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Stefan Pilz ◽

Katharina Kienreich ◽

Daniel Stückler ◽

Andreas Meinitzer ◽

Andreas Tomaschitz

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Scalp Hair ◽

Sun Exposure ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Outdoor Sports ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Sunlight-induced vitamin D, synthesis in the skin is the major source of vitamin D, but data on the relationship of sun-related behaviour with vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels are relatively sparse. We evaluated whether habitual sun exposure is associated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and PTH levels and whether there exist seasonal variations. We examined 111 hypertensive patients in Austria (latitude 47° N). Frequent sunbathing at home and outdoor sports were associated with higher 25(OH)D levels (P<0.05for both). Red or blond scalp hair as a child, memory of sunburns, preferring sunbathing, frequent stays on the beach or in open-air pools, and solarium use were associated with lower PTH levels (P<0.05for all). Multiple linear regression analyses including age, sex, and body mass index showed that sun exposure score was significantly associated with 25(OH)D (betacoefficient=0.27;P=0.004) and by trend with PTH (betacoefficient=−0.16;P=0.09). These associations were more prominent in summer in which 25(OH)D levels were significantly higher compared to winter. Translation of these findings into recommendations for the prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency remains a challenge for the future.

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