Homocysteine and thiol metabolites in vitamin B12 deficiency

2000 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. RANGANATH ◽  
M. BAINES ◽  
N. B. ROBERTS
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Fasting State ◽  
Plasma Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Methionine Load ◽  
Before And After ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Mean

Homocysteine metabolism is increasingly implicated in a diverse group of clinical disorders, including atheromatous vascular disease. We studied the disposition of homocysteine via the trans-sulphuration pathway, plasma glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and plasma levels of the sulphated hormone dehydro-epiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) in six vitamin B12-deficient human subjects before and after 2 weeks of vitamin B12 repletion, both in the fasting state and following an oral methionine load (0.1 g/kg body weight). Fasting plasma total homocysteine concentrations fell (P = 0.03) and total cysteine concentrations rose significantly (P = 0.048) after treatment for 2 weeks with vitamin B12 injections. The magnitude of the mean fall in the fasting concentration of homocysteine (38.8 µmol/l) was similar to the mean rise in cysteine levels (36.0 µmol/l) following vitamin B12 therapy. Circulating levels of homocysteine were increased at 4 h after a methionine load when compared with fasting levels, both before and after vitamin B12 repletion (P = 0.003 for both). Total cysteinyl-glycine was lower post-methionine than in the fasting state following vitamin B12 therapy (P = 0.007). Fasting plasma GPx fell significantly after 2 weeks of vitamin B12 therapy (P = 0.05). The change in plasma GPx between the fasting state and 4 h after methionine loading was significantly different pre- and post-vitamin B12 therapy (P = 0.05). The present study provides indirect support to the hypothesis that defects in the trans-sulphuration and remethylation of homocysteine produce hyperhomocysteinaemia in vitamin B12 deficiency in human subjects. Elevated homocysteine levels directly or indirectly may up-regulate GPx. Sulphation status, as measured by plasma DHEAS, was unchanged.

High Percentage of Regulatory T Cells before and after Vitamin B12 Treatment in Patients with Pernicious Anemia

2014 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Watanabe ◽  
Norifumi Ide ◽  
Hatsue Ogawara ◽  
Akihiko Yokohama ◽  
Takeki Mitsui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Pernicious Anemia ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: In some previous studies, vitamin B12 treatment showed immunomodulatory effects and restored the immunological abnormalities in patients with pernicious anemia (PA). In the present study, peripheral blood T cell subsets, including regulatory T cells (Tregs), were examined before and after vitamin B12 treatment in PA patients. Patients and Methods: The percentages of CD4, CD8, Th1, Th2 and Tregs were examined in 23 PA patients before vitamin B12 treatment, in 23 other PA patients after vitamin B12 treatment and in 28 healthy controls. Results: The mean percentage of CD8+ T cells was significantly higher in the control group (23.0%; 95% CI, 20.4-25.6%) than in the pre- (16.0%; 95% CI, 12.1-20.0%) and posttreatment groups (15.2%; 95% CI, 11.8-18.6%; p < 0.05). The CD4/CD8 ratio was significantly lower in the control group (2.01; 95% CI, 1.66-2.34) than in the pre- (3.45; 95% CI, 2.55-7.80) and posttreatment groups (2.97; 95% CI, 2.22-3.72; p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the mean Th1/Th2 ratio among these groups. There were significant increases in the mean percentage of Tregs in the pre- (6.29%; 95% CI, 5.04-7.54%) and posttreatment groups (7.77%; 95% CI, 6.34-9.20%) compared with the control group (4.18%; 95% CI, 3.92-4.47%; p < 0.05). Conclusions: The percentage of Tregs was significantly higher in PA patients than in normal subjects, and this high Treg percentage was not different before and after vitamin B12 treatment. Other immunological alterations also did not recover after vitamin B12 treatment, so that these immunological changes appear to be the cause of PA and are not induced by vitamin B12 deficiency.

Diagnostic value of the mean corpuscular volume in the detection of vitamin B12 deficiency

2000 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. P. Oosterhuis ◽  
R. W. L. M. Niessen ◽  
P. M. M. Bossuyt ◽  
G. T. B. Sanders ◽  
A. Sturk
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Corpuscular Volume ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Mean

scholarly journals Estimation of Serum Homocysteine and Vitamin B12 in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Roshni G. Sadaria ◽  
Smita N. Vasava ◽  
Jaydeepsinh D. Bhalgariya ◽  
Vruti J. Bhanushali ◽  
Manish Bhoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Serum Homocysteine ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Mean

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder characterized by absolute or relative deficiencies in insulin secretion and/or insulin action associated with chronic hyperglycemia and disturbances of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. Homocysteine (Hcy) is a risk factor strongly linked to cardiovascular complications in Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Hcy requires 5-methyltetrahydrofolate as methyl donor and vitamin B12 as a co-factor. So, Vitamin B12 deficiency will lead to hyperhomocysteinemia. Biochemical and clinical vitamin B12 deficiency has been demonstrated to be highly prevalent among patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Aims: To assess the serum homocysteine and vitamin B12 levels in type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients. Methodology: The present case control study was conducted at Dhiraj hospital, Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India in which 80 subjects were enrolled, out of which 40 were cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 40 were controls. The age group for the study was 35 to 70 years. Blood samples were drawn to measure RBS, HbA1c, serum homocysteine and vitamin B12. Interpretation of data was done using Medcalc software. Results: The mean levels of serum homocysteine was higher in T2DM patients than normal healthy individuals, difference between them was statistically highly significant (p<0.0001). The mean levels of vitamin B12 was lower in T2DM patients than normal healthy individuals, difference between them was statistically highly significant (p<0.0001). There is no correlation found between Homocysteine, vitamin B12 & HbA1c. Conclusion: A significant increase in serum Hcy level was observed in T2DM patients in our study. Raised serum Homocysteine is considered as an early marker of B12 deficiency. Hyperhomocysteinemia will lead to cardiovascular complications. Therefore, the hyperhomocysteinemia could serve as another important marker of poor diabetic control and developing complications.

scholarly journals Effect of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia on peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1424-1429
Author(s):  
Sushobhan Das Gupta ◽  
◽  
Aeshwarya Dhawan ◽  
Aashish Kakkar ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sd Oct

AIM: To evaluate the effect of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia (BDA) on peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and to determine any correlation arising thereof. METHODS: In this cross-sectional observational study, 99 eyes of 50 BDA patients of age 18-65y were compared with 100 eyes of 50 healthy control subjects. All subjects underwent comprehensive clinical, ophthalmic, and hematological evaluation, followed by peripapillary RNFLT assessment using SD-OCT. RESULTS: The mean total, inferior, nasal, and temporal RNFLT were significantly lower in BDA group as compared to control group (P<0.05). The mean total, inferior and nasal RNFLT correlated significantly (P<0.05) with serum Hb%, B12 and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) level (r=0.310, 0.435, -0.386 for total; r=0.932, 0.481, -0.513 for inferior; r=0.344, 0.254, -0.233 for nasal; respectively), while temporal and superior RNFLT quadrant did not show any correlation with any of the hematological parameters (r=0.144, 0.167, -0.096; r=0.111, 0.070, -0.099; respectively). The mean total RNFLT showed progressive thinning at par with the progression of anemia, except in very severe BDA, where an inverse relationship was documented. CONCLUSION: The mean total, inferior, nasal, and temporal peripapillary RNFLT was significantly thinner in BDA patients. Peripapillary RNFLT thinning seemed to proceed at par with the progression of severity of anemia, except in very sever grade. Early assessment of peripapillary RNFLT may be crucial in BDA patients to prevent potential blinding sequelae. Peripapillary RNFLT thinning in BDA patients should be considered in the differential diagnosis of other non-glaucomatous optic neuropathies, as well.

scholarly journals VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (05) ◽  
pp. 753-758
Author(s):  
Arshad Sattar Lakho ◽  
Aqeel Ahmed Channa ◽  
Abdul Ghaffar Dars ◽  
Syed Zulfiquar Ali Shah ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients

Objectives: To determine the frequency of vitamin B12 deficiency in patientswith hypothyroidism. Study Design: Cross sectional descriptive study. Period: 12-05-2016to 11-11-2016. Setting: Liaquat University Hospital Jamshoro / Hyderabad. Patients andMethods: All the patients of known hypothyroid patients for ≥01month duration, 20-50 yearsof age, either gender were explored for serum vitamin B12 level. The SPSS was used tomanipulate the data in relation to mean ±SD, frequencies and percentages and through chisquaretest to get the p-values and its level of significance (≤0.05). Results: Total 145 patientswith hypothyroidism were evaluated for B12 deficiency, of which 97 (66.8%) were males and48 (33.1%) were females respectively. Ninety patients (62%) were from urban areas while 55(37.9%) was rural population. The mean ±SD for age of overall population was 41.83±8.93years while the mean age ±SD for vitamin B12 deficient and non deficient was 39.96±7.82and 40.74±8.54 years respectively. The vitamin B12 deficiency was observed in one hundredand five patients (72%), of which 69 (65.7%) males and 36 (34.3%) females. The mean ± SDfor duration of infection in overall population was 5.32±1.53 months while it was 5.81±1.43 invitamin B12 deficient individuals. Conclusion: The vitamin B12 deficiency is more pronouncedin hypothyroid patients. In present series vitamin B12 deficiency was observed in 105 (72%)individuals with male predominance 69 (65.7%).

Relationships among Urinary Aminoimidazolecarboxamide in Urine and Folate, and Vitamin B12 Concentrations in Serum

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1049-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
J W Harrison ◽  
B A Slade ◽  
W Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Folate And Vitamin B12

Abstract Urinary aminoimidazolecarboxamide (AIC), serum folate, and serum vitamin B12 values were determined in 84 apparently healthy individuals. An automated system for determination of AIC in urine is described. Despite claims to the contrary, we found no evidence of a strong relationship between elevated (e.g., &gt;1.3 µg/mg of creatinine) AIC excretion as reflected in a casual sample of urine and folate or vitamin B12 deficiency. Urinary AIC values ranged from 0.10 to 5.20 µg/mg of creatinine. The mean for the population examined was 1.36 ± 1.02 µg/mg of creatinine.

scholarly journals Brief Report: Lack of Effect of L-Methionine Ingestion on 14CO2 Excretion from L-Histidine (Imidazole-2-14C) in Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 Deficient Humans

Blood ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
HANNES B. STAHELIN ◽  
H. S. WINCHELL ◽  
N. KUSUBOV
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
High Specific Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Cell Membrane Transport

Abstract Three human subjects with folic acid and one with vitamin B12 deficiency failed to show any effect of ingestion of L-methionine (400-800 µg./kg. body weight) on the production of 14CO2 from parenterally administered high specific activity L-histidine (imidazole-2-14C). It is suggested that the inhibitory effect of methionine on intestinal absorption and cell membrane transport of histidine can explain previously published effects of methionine on the oxidation of the imidazole-2 carbon atom of L-histidine and that a direct effect of methionine on histidine metabolism need not be invoked.

Chemotherapy-induced suppression of serum holotranscobalamin

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e20639-e20639
Author(s):  
G. Tisman ◽  
S. J. Kutik ◽  
Y. A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Methylmalonic Acid ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Before And After ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Total Homocysteine

e20639 Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced damage to the stomach and small intestine may inhibit the absorption of vitamin B12. To assess the risk of chemotherapy causing acute vitamin B12 deficiency, we primarily measured the active form of vitamin B12, holotranscobalamin, but also total serum B12, methylmalonic acid, and total homocysteine. Experimental Design: We studied 21 patients that were actively on chemotherapy and recorded values for holotranscobalamin, total serum B12, methylmalonic acid, total homocysteine, and cystatin-c. Measurements were taken both before and after four doses of chemotherapy. T-tests were employed to determine statistical significance. Results: There was a statistically significant drop in holotranscobalamin after chemotherapy in eighteen out of twenty-one patients (p = 2.64x10–3). Three patients were vitamin B12 deficient as defined by total B12 < 300 pg/ml. Neither methylmalonic acid (p = 3.95x10–1), nor total homocysteine (p = 4.34x10–1), showed any significant changes. Conclusions: Chemotherapy caused an acute deficiency of the only metabolically active form of vitamin B12, holotranscobalamin, despite B12 supplementation. We suggest monitoring patients for changes in holotranscobalamin to ensure that prolonged deficiency does not occur. The clinical implications of acute lowering of holotranscobalamin remain unknown. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Orthostatic tolerance in older patients with vitamin B12 deficiency before and after vitamin B12 replacement

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Moore ◽  
Jude Ryan ◽  
Michael Watts ◽  
Isweri Pillay ◽  
David Clinch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Orthostatic Tolerance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
B12 Deficiency

Efficiency of the sublingual route in treating B12 deficiency in infants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammet Ali Varkal ◽  
Metin Karabocuoglu
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Before And After ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Doses

Abstract. Objective: To evaluate the efficiency of the sublingual route for the treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency in infants. Background: Vitamin B12 deficiency is common in children. In breastfed infants, the main reason is maternal B12 deficiency. Parenteral administration is commonly prescribed. However, patient compliance is not satisfactory due to repeated painful parenteral applications. It is also known that the oral route is efficient in high doses. In recent years, the sublingual route has been tried. This route stands out due to its easy applicability and low cost. However, there are few efficacy studies in infants for the sublingual route. Materials and methods: The study included 49 infants aged 6–12 months. All infants with marginal or deficient B12 levels (<300 pg/mL) were incidentally detected and treated with sublingual methylcobalamin. Each dose was 1000 μg and administered once a day in the first week, every other day in the second week, twice a week in the third week, and once a week in the last week. Serum vitamin B12 levels were measured before and after the treatment. Paired Sample T-Test was used to compare variables. Results: All infants had normal physical development and had no hematological or neurological issues. It was learned from the parents that the infants tolerated treatment well, and no side effects related to the treatment, such as vomiting or rash, were observed. Before and after the treatment, the mean vitamin B12 levels were 199±57 pg/mL and 684±336 pg/ml, respectively. The difference between the means was statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: According to the study, it seems possible to treat vitamin B12 deficiency via a sublingual route in infants. In addition, methylcobalamin can be an alternative to the commonly used cyanocobalamin.

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