scholarly journals Current topics in stem cell biology and regenerative medicine: a regional perspective from the United Kingdom

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Eustace Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
North West ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Regenerative Medicines ◽  
The Uk ◽  
University Of Manchester

This special issue of Emerging Topics in Life Sciences entitled ‘Current Topics in Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine’ brings together expertise from a collaborative organisation known as the Mercia Stem Cell Alliance (MSCA). The alliance was established initially by Professors Sue Kimber (University of Manchester) and Jon Frampton (University of Birmingham) just over 10 years ago and now has multiple regional centres of excellence across the Midlands and North West of the UK, including Aston University, University of Chester, Keele University, Manchester Metropolitan University, Lancaster University, University of Leicester, University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moore's University, Loughborough University, University of Nottingham, University of Oxford, University of Sheffield, University of York. Many of these centres have contributed reviews to this issue. The MSCA also partners with industrial and clinical organisations, including the NHS, and is active in bringing stem cells and regenerative medicines to a meaningful translational endpoint (see: http://www.msca.manchester.ac.uk/).

scholarly journals Advances in Pluripotent Stem Cells: History, Mechanisms, Technologies, and Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gele Liu ◽  
Brian T. David ◽  
Matthew Trawczynski ◽  
Richard G. Fessler
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cell Technology

AbstractOver the past 20 years, and particularly in the last decade, significant developmental milestones have driven basic, translational, and clinical advances in the field of stem cell and regenerative medicine. In this article, we provide a systemic overview of the major recent discoveries in this exciting and rapidly developing field. We begin by discussing experimental advances in the generation and differentiation of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), next moving to the maintenance of stem cells in different culture types, and finishing with a discussion of three-dimensional (3D) cell technology and future stem cell applications. Specifically, we highlight the following crucial domains: 1) sources of pluripotent cells; 2) next-generation in vivo direct reprogramming technology; 3) cell types derived from PSCs and the influence of genetic memory; 4) induction of pluripotency with genomic modifications; 5) construction of vectors with reprogramming factor combinations; 6) enhancing pluripotency with small molecules and genetic signaling pathways; 7) induction of cell reprogramming by RNA signaling; 8) induction and enhancement of pluripotency with chemicals; 9) maintenance of pluripotency and genomic stability in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs); 10) feeder-free and xenon-free culture environments; 11) biomaterial applications in stem cell biology; 12) three-dimensional (3D) cell technology; 13) 3D bioprinting; 14) downstream stem cell applications; and 15) current ethical issues in stem cell and regenerative medicine. This review, encompassing the fundamental concepts of regenerative medicine, is intended to provide a comprehensive portrait of important progress in stem cell research and development. Innovative technologies and real-world applications are emphasized for readers interested in the exciting, promising, and challenging field of stem cells and those seeking guidance in planning future research direction.

Realistic Prospects for Stem Cell Therapeutics

Hematology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 (1) ◽  
pp. 398-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Q. Daley ◽  
Margaret A. Goodell ◽  
Evan Y. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell Biology ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
The Media ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Studies of the regenerating hematopoietic system have led to the definition of many of the fundamental principles of stem cell biology. Therapies based on a range of tissue stem cells have been widely touted as a new treatment modality, presaging an emerging new specialty called regenerative medicine that promises to harness stem cells from embryonic and somatic sources to provide replacement cell therapies for genetic, malignant, and degenerative conditions. Insights borne from stem cell biology also portend development of protein and small molecule therapeutics that act on endogenous stem cells to promote repair and regeneration. Much of the newfound enthusiasm for regenerative medicine stems from the hope that advances in the laboratory will be followed soon thereafter by breakthrough treatments in the clinic. But how does one sort through the hype to judge the true promise? Are stem cell biologists and the media building expectations that cannot be met? Which diseases can be treated, and when can we expect success? In this review, we outline the realms of investigation that are capturing the most attention, and consider the current state of scientific understanding and controversy regarding the properties of embryonic and somatic (adult) stem cells. Our objective is to provide a framework for appreciating the promise while at the same time understanding the challenges behind translating fundamental stem cell biology into novel clinical therapies.

scholarly journals Dental Stem Cell Banking and Applications of Dental Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karley Bates ◽  
Vincent S. Gallicchio
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Dental Stem Cells ◽  
Multipotent Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell Banking

Since the identification of mesenchymal stem cells, stem cell biology is a greatly researched field of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering therapies and has become an essential part of dentistry. Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent stem cells that can differentiate into many cell types. Dental mesenchymal stem cell populations have been identified in dental pulp, human exfoliated deciduous teeth, periodontal ligament, dental follicle of third molars, tooth germ of third molars, gingiva of periodontium, alveolar bone, and apical papilla. Dental stem cells are the most natural, noninvasive source of stem cells that have been identified, and they have gained recent attention due to their accessibility and the associated relatively low cost of integration into regenerative therapy. Long-term preservation of dental stem cells is becoming a popular consideration and mirrors the ideology of banking umbilical cord blood. This review outlines the recent progress in the mesenchymal stem cells used in dentistry as well as some advancements that are being made in preserving dental stem cells for future personalized medicine. The aim of this study was to completely and concisely review the current use of adult dental stem cells specifically oral sources of stem cells, banking of dental stem cells, and applications or uses of dental stem cells specifically in oral regions and in a clinical setting.

FEATURES

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (07) ◽  
pp. 15-28 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Stem Cell Biology ◽  
Differentiated Products ◽  
Safety Testing

The clinical application of stem cells in hematopoietic disease. Use of pluripotent stem cells and their differentiated products in pharmacological drug discovery and safety testing. Messages from the nucleus: Insights into Aging. inStem: The Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine.

scholarly journals Future perspective of induced pluripotent stem cells for diagnosis, drug screening and treatment of human diseases

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (07) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qizhou Lian ◽  
Yenyen Chow ◽  
Miguel Esteban ◽  
Duanqing Pei ◽  
Hung-Fat Tse
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Stem Cell Biology ◽  
Ips Cell ◽  
Cell Technology ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

SummaryRecent advances in stem cell biology have transformed the understanding of cell physiology and developmental biology such that it can now play a more prominent role in the clinical application of stem cell and regenerative medicine. Success in the generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) as well as related emerging technology on the iPS platform provide great promise in the development of regenerative medicine. Human iPS cells show almost identical properties to human embryonic stem cells (ESC) in pluripotency, but avoid many of their limitations of use. In addition, investigations into reprogramming of somatic cells to pluripotent stem cells facilitate a deeper understanding of human stem cell biology. The iPS cell technology has offered a unique platform for studying the pathogenesis of human disease, pharmacological and toxicological testing, and cell-based therapy. Nevertheless, significant challenges remain to be overcome before the promise of human iPS cell technology can be realised.

scholarly journals Introduction to the Special Issue on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinan Yin
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Translational Research ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Stem Cell Biology ◽  
Special Issue

The special issue “Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine” was enthusiastically released by the editorial board of European Journal of Histochemistry on 2020. The fusion of these two topics reflected the hope and potential that advances in regenerative medicine would be the promising outcomes of the basic and translational research collected in this special issue. This issue is dedicated to identifying priories in stem cell biology and capturing the cutting-edge thinking in stem-cell based regenerative medicine

scholarly journals Role of Vibrational Spectroscopy in Stem Cell Research

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 167-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ceren Aksoy ◽  
Feride Severcan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Vibrational Spectroscopy ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Stem Cell Biology ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Monitoring Methods

Recent researches have mainly displayed the significant role of stem cells in tissue renewal and homeostasis with their unique capacity to develop different cell types. These findings have clarified the importance of stem cells to improve the effectiveness of any cell therapy for regenerative medicine. Identification of purity and differentiation stages of stem cells are the greatest challenges of stem cell biology and regenerative medicine. The existing methods to carefully monitor and characterize the stem cells have some unwanted effects on the properties of stem cells, and these methods also do not provide real-time information about cellular conditions. These challenges enforce the usage of nondestructive, rapid, sensitive, high quality, label-free, cheep, and innovative chemical monitoring methods. In this context, vibrational spectroscopy provides promissing alternative to get new information into the field of stem cell biology for chemical analysis, quantification, and imaging of stem cells. Raman and infrared spectroscopy and imaging can be used as a new complimentary spectroscopic approaches to gain new insight into stem cell reseaches for future therapeutic and regenerative medicines. In this paper, recent developments in applications of vibrational spectroscopy techniques for stem cell characterization and identification are presented.

Stem cells and regenerative medicine

2020 ◽  
pp. 281-295
Author(s):  
Alexis J. Joannides ◽  
Bhuvaneish T. Selvaraj ◽  
Siddharthan Chandran
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Stem Cell Biology ◽  
Human Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Populations

There is a great and unmet need for treatments that will deliver restorative solutions to patients with diseases hitherto considered irreparable. Advances in human pluripotent stem cell biology and gene-editing technology offer unprecedented opportunities for both drug discovery and translational therapies that will likely herald a new chapter of regenerative and personalized medicine. Consideration of three major target conditions for regenerative medicine—Parkinson’s disease, heart failure, and diabetes mellitus—emphasizes distinct and common challenges that must be overcome in order to realize the stem cell promise. Novel approaches to induce pluripotency from differentiated somatic cells and targeted genetic manipulation of stem cell populations, along with new insights derived from improved understanding of human pluripotent stem cell biology and increased recognition of endogenous stem cells, offers a range of mechanisms through which stem cells may be therapeutic.

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