Language Sample Practices With Children Who Are Deaf and Hard of Hearing

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 950-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina M. Blaiser ◽  
Megan A. Shannahan
Keyword(s):  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Interprofessional Collaboration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Language Sampling ◽  
Language Sample ◽  
Excel File

Purpose In this study, we aimed to identify common language sample practices of professionals who work with children who are Deaf/hard of hearing (DHH) who use listening and spoken language as a means to better understand why and how language sampling can be utilized by speech-language pathologists serving this population. Method An electronic questionnaire was disseminated to professionals who serve children who are DHH and use listening and spoken language in the United States. Participant responses were coded in an Excel file and checked for completeness. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze trends. Results A total of 168 participants participated in the survey. A majority of participants reported that they use language sampling as a part of their intervention when working with children who are DHH. However, approximately half of participants reported using norm-referenced testing most often when evaluating language of children who are DHH, regardless of the fact that they felt that language samples were more sensitive in identifying the errors of children who are DHH. Participants reported using language samples to monitor progress and set goals for clients. Participants rarely used language samples for eligibility and interprofessional collaboration. Conclusions Language samples offer a unique way to examine a child's language development that norm-referenced assessments are not sensitive enough to detect, particularly for children who are DHH. This offers insights into current practice and implications for the development of a more clearly defined language sample protocol to guide practices in the use of language samples with children who are DHH and use listening and spoken language.

scholarly journals Properties of Spoken Persuasive Language Samples From Typically Developing Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 441-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Heilmann ◽  
Thomas O. Malone ◽  
Marleen F. Westerveld
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variables ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Performance Data ◽  
Persuasive Communication ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Language Performance ◽  
Language Sampling ◽  
Persuasive Discourse ◽  
Language Measures

Purpose Persuasive communication skills are vital for achieving success in school, at work, and in social relationships. To facilitate assessment of persuasive discourse, we developed a clinically feasible persuasive speaking protocol and used it to compile a database of language samples. This database allowed us to describe the properties of adolescents' persuasive speaking skills. Method We collected spoken language samples from 179 typically developing students in Grades 8–12, recruited from the United States and Australia. Participants were asked to persuade an authority figure to make a change in a rule or policy. Results Language performance data reflecting both microstructural and macrostructural properties of spoken language were summarized and broken down by grade. We completed a factor analysis that documented three latent variables (syntax, discourse difficulties, and content). To test the validity of the persuasive measures, a subset of the participants completed an additional battery of assessments, which revealed weak to moderate relationships between the persuasive measures, general language ability, and working memory. There was no significant relationship between the persuasive language measures and an assessment of personality. Conclusion Our persuasive language sampling protocol facilitated the collection of valid language performance data. The summary data can be used as benchmarks for clinical evaluations of adolescents suspected of having language difficulties.

The Spoken Syntax of Normal, Hard-of-Hearing, and Deaf Children

1966 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 604-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Brannon ◽  
Thomas Murry
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Word Order ◽  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Impaired Children ◽  
Language Sample

A spoken language sample of 50 sentences was obtained from 30 normal and 30 hearing-impaired children and quantified according to total output and syntactical accuracy. A total score of structural accuracy (syntax) was obtained by combining the errors of addition, omission, substitution, and word order. The hard-of-hearing subgroup resembled the control group in its total output of words, but the deaf subgroup was significantly lower in this measure. The differences between syntax scores were significant among all three groups. A moderate correlation was found between average hearing loss and total words uttered; a higher correlation resulted when hearing loss and measures of syntax were paired.

Survey of Spanish Parents of Children Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing: Decision-Making Factors Associated With Communication Modality and Bilingualism

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Guiberson
Keyword(s):  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Communication Modality ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Raising Children ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Decision Making Factors ◽  
Do So

Purpose The purpose of the present study was (a) to describe factors and trends associated with Spanish parents' choice of communication modality and spoken-language bilingualism for children who are deaf or hard of hearing (DHH) and (b) to identify if bilingual variables predict children's bilingual status in a country where bilingualism is common. Method Seventy-one Spanish parents of children who are DHH completed an online survey that included questions about demographics, family and professional involvement and support, accessibility to information and services, and bilingual background and beliefs. Analyses were completed to describe groups and to examine how variables were associated with parents' decisions. Results Thirty-eight percent of parents chose to raise their children to be spoken-language bilingual. Most parents indicated that they believed being bilingual was beneficial for their children and that children who are DHH are capable of becoming bilingual in spoken languages. Parent's bilingual score, beliefs about raising children who are DHH bilingually, and encouragement to do so, were significantly associated with children's bilingual status. Conclusion In communities where bilingualism is common, bilingual parents will often choose to raise children who are DHH bilingual in spoken languages. Implications for practice and future studies in the United States are provided.

Practioner Reflection That Enhances Interprofessional Collaborative Practices for Serving Children Who Are Deaf/Hard-of-Hearing

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina M. Blaiser ◽  
Mary Ellen Nevins
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Interprofessional Collaboration ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Collaborative Practices ◽  
Interprofessional Teams ◽  
Client Care

Interprofessional collaboration is essential to maximize outcomes of young children who are Deaf or Hard-of-Hearing (DHH). Speech-language pathologists, audiologists, educators, developmental therapists, and parents need to work together to ensure the child's hearing technology is fit appropriately to maximize performance in the various communication settings the child encounters. However, although interprofessional collaboration is a key concept in communication sciences and disorders, there is often a disconnect between what is regarded as best professional practice and the self-work needed to put true collaboration into practice. This paper offers practical tools, processes, and suggestions for service providers related to the self-awareness that is often required (yet seldom acknowledged) to create interprofessional teams with the dispositions and behaviors that enhance patient/client care.

Assessment of the Implementation of AUC Dosing and Monitoring Practices With Vancomycin at Hospitals Across the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 089719002110123
Author(s):  
Nicole Bradley ◽  
Yuman Lee ◽  
Muaz Sadeia
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
User Friendliness ◽  
Electronic Survey ◽  
The Us ◽  
Institutional Adoption ◽  
American Society ◽  
Trough Levels ◽  
Do So

Introduction: The latest vancomycin therapeutic drug monitoring guidelines for serious MRSA infections have made a pivotal change in dosing, switching from targeting trough levels to AUC dosing. Because of these new recommendations, antimicrobial stewardship programs across the country are tasked with implementing AUC based dosing. Objectives: To assess plans for institutional adoption of vancomycin AUC dosing programs and perceptions of currently used programs in hospitals across the US. Methods: An electronic survey was distributed to members of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy IDprn Listserv and American Society of Health-System Pharmacists between May and June 2020 to assess current institutional vancomycin dosing. Institutional program use and multiple software user parameters were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Two hundred two pharmacists responded to the survey with the majority practicing in institutions with 251-500 beds. Most respondents have yet to implement AUC dosing (142/202, 70.3%) with many of them planning to do so in the next year (81/142, 57.0%). Of those that already implemented AUC dosing programs, purchased Bayesian software (23/60, 38.3%) and homemade software (21/60, 35.0%) were the 2 methods most frequently utilized. Purchased Bayesian software users were more likely to recommend their software to other institutions and ranked user friendliness higher compared to non-purchased software. Conclusion: Most respondents have not made the switch to vancomycin AUC dosing, but there is a growing interest with many institutions looking to adopt a program within the next year.

Current practice patterns for management of vulvodynia in the United States

2016 ◽  
Vol 295 (3) ◽  
pp. 669-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lannah L. Lua ◽  
Yvette Hollette ◽  
Prathamesh Parm ◽  
Gayle Allenback ◽  
Vani Dandolu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Practice Patterns ◽  
The United States

SI Units

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-131
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
American Medical Association ◽  
Scientific Communication ◽  
The United States ◽  
Coherent System ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Si Units ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Significant Figures ◽  
Base Units

Le Systeme International d'Unites or SI units is a system of measure that is an outgrowth of the metric system, widely used in countries other than the United States. This system comprises seven base units from which all other measurements are made (Table). The aim of SI units is to (1) provide a coherent system of measure, (2) ensure that quantities and units are uniform in concept and style, and (3) minimize the number of multiples and submultiples in common use. A more complete review of metrification and SI units has been published in this journal. The conversion to SI units was mandated in December 1984 by the American Medical Association House of Delegates to "provide physicians and other scientists in the United States with an improved common language for fluent scientific communication between nations as well as between sciences." In several published articles there have been suggestions that the United States should, during the next year, begin uniformly reporting laboratory test data in SI units, including drug concentrations in molar units. Although drugs would continue to be prescribed in mass units, the desirability of prescribing and dispensing drugs in molar units has been suggested. The focus of this commentary is to summarize the problems and inconsistencies of expressing drug concentrations in molar units, assuming that prescribing and dispensing would continue in mass units. PHARMACOKINETIC CALCULATIONS In a recent study tenfold dosing errors were demonstrated, resulting from mathematical miscalculations while using traditional units. The introduction of additional calculations for conversion to SI units, and the fact that SI units involve decimal places with several significant figures, will likely magnify this type of error.

scholarly journals The Impact of Language Input on Deaf and Hard of Hearing Preschool Children Who Use Listening and Spoken Language

2018 ◽  
Vol 163 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronda Rufsvold ◽  
Ye Wang ◽  
Maria C. Hartman ◽  
Sonia B. Arora ◽  
Elaine R. Smolen
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Language Input ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals A Balanced Literacy Initiative for One Suburban School District in the United States

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donita Shaw ◽  
Karen Hurst
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
School District ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Balanced Literacy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Survey Question ◽  
Suburban School District ◽  
Pearson Correlations

The purpose of this study was to investigate how the teachers employed by this suburban USA school district implemented balanced literacy instruction. The 111 teachers who taught grades K-6 completed surveys and were observed. Quantitative data from the surveys and observations were analyzed through descriptive statistics, nonparametric chi-square tests, and Pearson correlations. One open-ended survey question was analyzed qualitatively. Findings show that the majority of teachers had an acceptable understanding of balanced literacy. There were differences among teachers’ instruction on literacy components and structures across grades. Weak correlations among self-reported and observed practices were found. Implications are discussed as the data are being used for research-informed improvements in the district.

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