Antibodies to hepatitis B core in Danish blood donors: a surrogate marker for ‘high-risk’ behaviour?

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is highly infectious when compared with human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV), even minute quantity of infected blood as little as 0.0001 ml can transmit infection. A number of the routine therapeutic, diagnostic, prophylactic invasive procedures can spread HBV infection. The study was planned to assess the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen in health care workers, voluntary blood donors, and patients with liver disorders.Methods: The study was a cross sectional study carried out among 90 subjects during a period of one year in Indira Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Shimla. These 90 subjects consisted of 30 patients with liver disorder, 30 health care workers and 30 voluntary blood donors. The blood samples were collected and sent for detection of HBsAg by ELISA.Results: Majority of the subjects 47 (52.2%) belonged to the age group of 21-30 years. Among voluntary blood donors, 90% were males. 64.4% of the subjects belonged to urban areas. 50% of the rural subjects were having liver disorders. Liver disorder was more common (71.5%) among heterosexual high risk behaviour subjects compared to only 25.7% with no high risk behaviour. Seropositivity was found highest among patients with liver disorder (66.7%) followed by health care workers (20%). Overall, the seropositivity was 28.9%.Conclusions: Patients with liver disorders especially chronic hepatitis were mostly seropositive. Among health care workers, being a doctor was a significant risk factor for acquiring hepatitis B infection. Thus, it is advised that all health care workers should be immunized for hepatitis B.

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The necessity of education and hepatitis B vaccination for young people: A study of high risk behaviour for blood borne viruses in the United Kingdom

Journal of Child Health Care ◽

10.1177/1367493519831499 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 437-445 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J Sira ◽

M Brown ◽

S Ambegaokar ◽

L Modin ◽

DA Kelly

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Young People ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Risk Behaviour ◽

Sexual Partners ◽

Unprotected Sex ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽

Serological Tests ◽

High Risk Behaviour ◽

Reported Data

Blood borne virus (BBV) infection in adults involved in high risk behaviour is well recognized. There are limited reported data on young people involved in high risk behaviour. A descriptive questionnaire was used to ascertain risk behaviour at the Young People’s Substance Misuse Service (Birmingham). Data collection included risk behaviour and serological tests for hepatitis B, C and HIV. Sixty-five of one-hundred three (63%) young people participated; 37/65 male; age range 13.9–18.9 (median 17.4 years). Risk behaviour included 6 intravenous drug, 58 cannabis, and 61 had sexual partners, of whom 52 (85%) engaged in unprotected sex. Sixty-five participants were negative for BBV infection: 9 were HBV immune. HB vaccination was not available at the centre (for <18 year), and all refused referral to their general practitioner for vaccination due to fear of disclosure. The main risk for BBV acquisition was unprotected sex with multiple sexual partners and illicit drug use. Most were unaware of the risks related to high risk behaviour. Effective education programmes of relevant risk factors with HBV vaccination should be implemented during preadolescence. We recommend an integrated service via specialized centres, to work together to improve awareness and increase efforts to vaccinate adolescents at risk for HBV infection.

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Character and High Risk Behaviour of Drug Addicts for Spreading Hepatitis B and HIV Infection in a Selected Area of Dhaka City

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh ◽

10.3329/jafmc.v9i1.18723 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 35-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M Hakim ◽

M Ahmad ◽

S Naher ◽

M Ali ◽

MU Ahmed

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Drug Addiction ◽

Addiction Treatment ◽

Family Income ◽

Risk Behaviour ◽

Armed Forces ◽

Drug Abusers ◽

Drug Addicts ◽

High Risk Behaviour

Introduction: The number of drug abusers is increasing in an alarming state in Bangladesh and they are identified as high risk group for developing Hepatitis B and HIV. Objectives: The aim of this study was to find out various information about drug addicts and their behavioural pattern which can guide the future developmental strategies and planning for reduction of spreading hepatitis B and HIV among the vulnerable population. Methods: This descriptive type of cross sectional study was performed during July 2006 to June 2007 in three different drug addiction treatment clinic in Uttara, Dhaka on high risk behaviour of drug addicts . A total 194 Drug addicts were interviewed individually by using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was filled up by the author during interview. All the data were checked and edited after collection on the spot. Compilation and subsequent tabulation were done manually. Simple technique of data analysis for percentage, average, standard deviations etc. were done with scientific calculator and using SPSS 11. Results: Out of 194 cases 180 (92.78%) were male and 114(58.76%) were unmarried. Most of them 118(60.82%) were within the age group of 20 to 29 years. They have an average family income of 12456.39 Taka per month. Most of the addicts 73(37.63%) were students.Average family size of drug addicts were 6.73 and majority of them 148(76.29%) resided with parents. Only 16(8.24%) drug addicts expressed quarrelsome relationship among their parents and 21(10.83%) stated a bad relationship with other family members. Of them 86(44.33%) started to have taking drug at an age range between 20 to 29 years and most of them 156(80.41%) used poly drug.Heroin 161(82.99%) ranked top as abused drug. Most of them 143(73.71%) were influenced by their friends for initiation of drug addiction. The average daily expense for drug was 191.13 Taka per day and most of them 142(73.19%) had frequency of drug abuse more than once daily. Only 20(10.31%) were found as Intravenous Drug Users (IDU); 16(80%) of the IDUs shared same syringe/needle.Among all the addicts 6(3.09%) were professional blood donor and among the IDU 4(20%) were professional blood donors. 139(71.65%) had history of sex without condom. 82(42.27%) were unaware about high risk behaviour due to lack of adequate knowledge. 185(95.36%) used to procure drug from black market. 5(25%) of IDU and 2(1.15%) of non IDU were found to be Hepatitis B positive though no HIV positive case was found. Conclusion: Wide spread motivation of the drug addicts and nationwide publicity regarding the ill effects of their high risk behaviour are needed to combat the spread of Hepatitis B/ HIV. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v9i1.18723 Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.9(1) 2013: 35-42

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Hepatitis B core antibodies in Danish blood donors: a surrogate marker of risk behaviour

Vox Sanguinis ◽

10.1046/j.0042-9007.2001.00113.x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 81 (4) ◽

pp. 222-227 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

P. B. Christensen ◽

I. L. Titlestad ◽

K. M. Homburg ◽

J. Georgsen ◽

T. Kristensen

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Surrogate Marker ◽

Risk Behaviour

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PREVALENCE OF HIGH-RISK BEHAVIOUR AMONG BLOOD DONORS AND PROPORTION OF SELFDEFERRAL AFTER EDUCATION AMONG THOSE WITH HIGH-RISK BEHAVIOUR

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences ◽

10.14260/jemds/2017/1007 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (64) ◽

pp. 4656-4659

Author(s):

Kala V L ◽

Kumari Usha K C ◽

Prema N S ◽

Sajith V ◽

Mariya Baby

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Risk Behaviour ◽

High Risk Behaviour

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Sexually transmitted diseases: High-risk behaviour on the Internet

Nature China ◽

10.1038/nchina.2007.262 ◽

2007 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Felix Cheung

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽

Risk Behaviour ◽

The Internet ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

High Risk Behaviour

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Knowledge and Attitude of Blood Donors Towards Hepatitis B Virus Risk Behaviour in Ikenne Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria

10.52589/ijphp-cmmf6dto ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 93-104

Author(s):

Adeyemo O.F. ◽

Olugasa B.O. ◽

Olarinmoye A. ◽

Betiku A.

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Local Government ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Risk Behaviour ◽

Local Government Area ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Ogun State ◽

B Virus ◽

Knowledge And Attitude

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection poses a major global health concern, responsible for estimated 500,000 to 1.2 million human deaths each year. The clinical manifestations of HBV-related deaths that usually arise after chronic-hepatitis include liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The transfusion of blood is a critical risk point for inadvertent transmission of Hepatitis B virus at emergency healthcare points. This poses a significant public health challenge especially in developing countries. The impact of this challenge in Ikenne Local Government area is yet to be estimated. This study was designed to assess the level of knowledge and attitude of blood donors in the four major towns in Ikenne Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria. A questionnaire survey enlisted 143 blood donors at selected blood banks in Ikenne, Ilishan, Iperu and Irolu towns in Ikenne Local Government Area, Ogun State, from February 4th to March 24th, 2021. Data collected were summarized using descriptive and correlation test statistics. Some 120 (93.9%) of the respondents were 18-34 years old. Unpaid donors accounted for 102 (78%) of the respondents. 2.8% of the respondents were confirmed positive for Hepatitis B virus before. Some 113 (86.9%) agreed that people should freely go for laboratory screening. Two-third 82 (63.1%) of the respondents indicated they knew where to get screened. Respondents’ knowledge was scored 2.423 ± 0.963, while a weak positive correlation was found between respondents’ knowledge and their risk behaviour (R = 0.296; P = <0.0001). The mean ± standard deviation of attitude of respondents was 4.207 ± 0.859, while a weak positive correlation was found between respondents’ Attitude and their risk behaviour (R = 0.225; P = < 0.010). Blood donors previously screened for the virus in general had better knowledge and behavioural attitudes that were compliant with Hepatitis B prevention, compared with previously unscreened individuals who exhibited high risk behaviour to the virus.

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