The necessity of education and hepatitis B vaccination for young people: A study of high risk behaviour for blood borne viruses in the United Kingdom

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Sira ◽  
M Brown ◽  
S Ambegaokar ◽  
L Modin ◽  
DA Kelly
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Young People ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
High Risk Behaviour ◽  
Reported Data

Blood borne virus (BBV) infection in adults involved in high risk behaviour is well recognized. There are limited reported data on young people involved in high risk behaviour. A descriptive questionnaire was used to ascertain risk behaviour at the Young People’s Substance Misuse Service (Birmingham). Data collection included risk behaviour and serological tests for hepatitis B, C and HIV. Sixty-five of one-hundred three (63%) young people participated; 37/65 male; age range 13.9–18.9 (median 17.4 years). Risk behaviour included 6 intravenous drug, 58 cannabis, and 61 had sexual partners, of whom 52 (85%) engaged in unprotected sex. Sixty-five participants were negative for BBV infection: 9 were HBV immune. HB vaccination was not available at the centre (for <18 year), and all refused referral to their general practitioner for vaccination due to fear of disclosure. The main risk for BBV acquisition was unprotected sex with multiple sexual partners and illicit drug use. Most were unaware of the risks related to high risk behaviour. Effective education programmes of relevant risk factors with HBV vaccination should be implemented during preadolescence. We recommend an integrated service via specialized centres, to work together to improve awareness and increase efforts to vaccinate adolescents at risk for HBV infection.

Hepatitis B vaccination and changes in sexual risk behaviour among men who have sex with men in Amsterdam

2008 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. XIRIDOU ◽  
J. WALLINGA ◽  
N. DUKERS-MUIJERS ◽  
R. COUTINHO
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviour ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
The Impact

SUMMARYThe impact of hepatitis B vaccination in men having sex with men in Amsterdam has been marginal until now, possibly because of increases in sexual risk behaviour counterbalancing the effect of vaccination. A mathematical model is used to describe the hepatitis B epidemic. The model shows that, with the current vaccination coverage, the decrease in incidence is small in the beginning. However, the number of infections prevented per vaccine administered rises over time. Nevertheless, increased risk behaviour reduces the benefit of vaccination. Targeting high-risk men is more successful in reducing and containing the epidemic than targeting low-risk men. In conclusion, the vaccination campaign is effective and should be intensified. High-risk men should be targeted for vaccination and for risk reduction.

scholarly journals Character and High Risk Behaviour of Drug Addicts for Spreading Hepatitis B and HIV Infection in a Selected Area of Dhaka City

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Hakim ◽  
M Ahmad ◽  
S Naher ◽  
M Ali ◽  
MU Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Drug Abusers ◽  
Drug Addicts ◽  
High Risk Behaviour

Introduction: The number of drug abusers is increasing in an alarming state in Bangladesh and they are identified as high risk group for developing Hepatitis B and HIV. Objectives: The aim of this study was to find out various information about drug addicts and their behavioural pattern which can guide the future developmental strategies and planning for reduction of spreading hepatitis B and HIV among the vulnerable population. Methods: This descriptive type of cross sectional study was performed during July 2006 to June 2007 in three different drug addiction treatment clinic in Uttara, Dhaka on high risk behaviour of drug addicts . A total 194 Drug addicts were interviewed individually by using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was filled up by the author during interview. All the data were checked and edited after collection on the spot. Compilation and subsequent tabulation were done manually. Simple technique of data analysis for percentage, average, standard deviations etc. were done with scientific calculator and using SPSS 11. Results: Out of 194 cases 180 (92.78%) were male and 114(58.76%) were unmarried. Most of them 118(60.82%) were within the age group of 20 to 29 years. They have an average family income of 12456.39 Taka per month. Most of the addicts 73(37.63%) were students.Average family size of drug addicts were 6.73 and majority of them 148(76.29%) resided with parents. Only 16(8.24%) drug addicts expressed quarrelsome relationship among their parents and 21(10.83%) stated a bad relationship with other family members. Of them 86(44.33%) started to have taking drug at an age range between 20 to 29 years and most of them 156(80.41%) used poly drug.Heroin 161(82.99%) ranked top as abused drug. Most of them 143(73.71%) were influenced by their friends for initiation of drug addiction. The average daily expense for drug was 191.13 Taka per day and most of them 142(73.19%) had frequency of drug abuse more than once daily. Only 20(10.31%) were found as Intravenous Drug Users (IDU); 16(80%) of the IDUs shared same syringe/needle.Among all the addicts 6(3.09%) were professional blood donor and among the IDU 4(20%) were professional blood donors. 139(71.65%) had history of sex without condom. 82(42.27%) were unaware about high risk behaviour due to lack of adequate knowledge. 185(95.36%) used to procure drug from black market. 5(25%) of IDU and 2(1.15%) of non IDU were found to be Hepatitis B positive though no HIV positive case was found. Conclusion: Wide spread motivation of the drug addicts and nationwide publicity regarding the ill effects of their high risk behaviour are needed to combat the spread of Hepatitis B/ HIV. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v9i1.18723 Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.9(1) 2013: 35-42

Implementing a Successful Hepatitis B Vaccination Program

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 306-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda J. Hanacik ◽  
Timothy R. Franson ◽  
Jill D. Gollup ◽  
Michael W. Rytel
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Administrative Support ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Vaccine Safety ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Key Steps

AbstractHealth care personnel with frequent blood contact are at high risk for being exposed to and developing hepatitis B infection. Exposure to unidentified infectious patients may lead to personnel inadvertently foregoing appropriate, passive immunoprophylaxis. For these reasons, our hospital elected to conduct an aggressive program to administer hepatitis B vaccine to all employees at high risk for exposure to hepatitis B virus, thus protecting such employees from inadvertent occupational exposure. Administrators agreed to offer the vaccine as a free employee health benefit. “High-risk” employees attended mandatory inservice presentations covering hepatitis B disease, vaccine safety and efficacy, and related concerns. High-risk individuals were required to either receive vaccine or sign “informed refusal” forms. The vaccine clinic was organized to accommodate employee work schedules. Of high-risk employees eligible for vaccination, 90% completed a three-dose vaccine course. Extensive inservice education, financial and administrative support, and careful advance planning are all crucial in achieving high compliance with vaccination programs. A description of key steps in designing a successful vaccination program is outlined.

An account of a pilot hepatitis B vaccination programme for high-risk individuals in Zürich

1983 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Grob ◽  
M. Rickenbach ◽  
S. Wagner ◽  
J.O. Pelzer ◽  
Advisory Committee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Vaccination Programme ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination

scholarly journals Hepatitis B Awareness Among Medical Students And Their Vaccination Status In A Medical College In Western UP.

2019 ◽  
pp. 57-59
Author(s):  
Rajni Dawar ◽  
Tabassum Yasmin ◽  
Ajay Kumar Jha
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Universal Precautions ◽  
Medical College

Background: India is in the intermediate hepatitis B virus endemicity zone with hepatitis B surface antigen prevalence among the general population ranging from 2% to 8%.Health care professionals are at a high risk of getting .Hep B infection which can be prevented by strategies like vaccination, increasing awareness and following universal precautions. The present study was conducted on medical students (3rd Semester) to evaluate their knowledge regarding HBV and to know their vaccination status. Also along with data collection, students were educated about hepatitis B vaccine and about universal precautions before they start with their clinical postings. Methods: Cross sectional study was carried out on 3rd semester MBBS students (batch 2012-2013). All the students present on the day of data collection were included in the study and interviewed using pretested questionnaire. Data was analyzed using percentages. Results: Most of the students had good knowledge about disease and modes of transmission & prevention. Surprisingly only 56.6 percent were aware of high risk of transmission to health professional and doctors. Main source of information was media (85.4percent).Nearly 82% of the students were immunized and main reason among those unimmunized was unawareness about vaccine availability. Conclusions: It is recommended that Hepatitis B vaccination should be made available for all unimmunized students who enter medical profession. The orientation and sensitization programm should be held to create awareness regarding HBV infection preferably at the time of admission into medical college ,else no later than start of their clinical posting.

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