Foliar application of nitrate or ammonium as sole nitrogen supply in Ricinus communis. II. The flows of cations, chloride and abscisic acid

The effects of exogenous abscisic acid and two sulfonamide compounds: Sulfacetamide and Sulfasalazine were studied on tolerance of watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai var. lanatus] under drought stress and compared with abscisic acid effects. Eight-week old plants were treated with ABA (10 and 25 mg/L), Sulfacetamide (25, 50 and 100 mg/L) and Sulfasalazine (25,50 and 100 mg/L). Solutions were sprayed daily and sampling was done at 0 h, 48 h, 96 h, 144 h and 48 h after re-watering (recovery phase or 192 h). Treated plants showed relatively greater drought tolerance. This indicates that, Sulfacetamide and Sulfasalazine may improve resistance in watermelon, like ABA, increasing levels of proline, glycine betaine and malondialdehyde and the activity of ascorbate peroxidase. Daily application of Sulfasalazine and Sulfacetamide during drought stress period was effective in increasing watermelon plants tolerance to drought as was ABA.

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Proline accumulation in flooded and wilted sunflower and the effects of benzyladenine and abscisic acid

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b75-317 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 53 (23) ◽

pp. 2893-2896 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Robert L. Wample ◽

J. Derek Bewley

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

Water Stress ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Proline Accumulation ◽

Free Proline

Sunflower accumulates proline in its aerial and subterranean parts when subjected to water stress. Decreases in the proline pool on recovery are slow. Plants that wilted in darkness do not accumulate proline, and plants that are subjected to a 16-h photoperiod and are sprayed with benzyladenine also show reduced accumulation. Flooded plants show increases in their endogenous free-proline pool, which can be reduced by aeration of the roots or by foliar application of benzyladenine. Abscisic acid does not induce free-proline accumulation in unstressed plants.

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Effect of abscisic acid on the calcium content for controlling blossom-end rot in tomato under water stress

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical ◽

10.1590/1983-40632018v4852048 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 414-419

Author(s):

Carlos Agostinho Balate ◽

Douglas Correa de Souza ◽

Luciane Vilela Resende ◽

Sergio Tonetto de Freitas

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

Water Stress ◽

Calcium Uptake ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Calcium Content ◽

Distal Region ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Blossom End Rot ◽

Beginning Of Flowering ◽

Irrigation Levels

ABSTRACT Water stress in tomato plants may cause the incidence of blossom-end rot. This study aimed to analyze the effect of abscisic acid leaf application for increasing the calcium uptake in irrigated tomato (‘Santa Clara' cultivar) in the field, as a possible mechanism of blossom-end rot inhibition. The treatments consisted of four irrigation levels (25 %, 50 %, 75 % and 100 % of the crop water requirements to fulfil the crop evapotranspiration) and two abscisic acid doses (0 mg L-1 and 500 mg L-1). The fruits were harvested at 15 and 30 days after the anthesis and evaluated for calcium content and percentage of blossom-end rot. The application of abscisic acid increased the calcium partition to the distal region of the fruits at 30 days after the beginning of flowering, as well as reduced the incidence of blossom-end rot by 86 %, when compared with plants not treated with abscisic acid. It is possible to conclude that the foliar application of abscisic acid can significantly reduce the incidence of blossom-end rot.

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Foliar Application of Abscisic Acid Increases Freezing Tolerance of Field-Grown Vitis vinifera Cabernet franc Grapevines

American Journal of Enology and Viticulture ◽

10.5344/ajev.2012.12006 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 63 (3) ◽

pp. 377-384 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Yi Zhang ◽

Imed E. Dami

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Freezing Tolerance ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Cabernet Franc

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Molybdenum deficiency in wheat results in lower dormancy levels via reduced ABA

Seed Science Research ◽

10.1017/s0960258500002373 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 329-333 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

A. T. Modi ◽

A. L. P. Cairns

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

Field Experiment ◽

Nutrient Solution ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Leaf Stage ◽

Enhanced Sensitivity ◽

Aba Content ◽

Endogenous Aba

AbstractWheat which was grown in acid-washed sand and irrigated with a molybdenum-free nutrient solution was treated with various concentrations of molybdenum (Mo) as a foliar spray at the flag leaf stage. At maturity, dormancy levels and abscisic acid (ABA) content of the seed were determined. Seed dormancy and ABA content increased with increasing rates of Mo application. In a field experiment, wheat (cv. SST 66) was treated with 100 ppm Mo by foliar application at the flag leaf stage. Embryos were tested for sensitivity to exogenously applied ABA. Embryos from Mo-treated plants showed enhanced sensitivity to ABA-induced inhibition of germination. The Mo application also resulted in significantly higher levels of endogenous ABA and Mo in the seeds. It is postulated that Mo deficiency leads to a lack of dormancy in wheat via reduced synthesis of ABA.

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Effects of Abscisic Acid on Drought Responses of Kentucky Bluegrass

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.128.1.0036 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 128 (1) ◽

pp. 36-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Zhaolong Wang ◽

Bingru Huang ◽

Qingzhang Xu

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Osmotic Adjustment ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Poa Pratensis ◽

Turgor Pressure ◽

Photochemical Efficiency ◽

Kentucky Bluegrass ◽

Exogenous Aba ◽

Turf Quality

Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important hormone regulating plant response to drought stress. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of exogenous ABA application on turf performance and physiological activities of kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) in response to drought stress. Plants of two kentucky bluegrass cultivars, `Brilliant' (drought susceptible) and `Midnight' (drought tolerant), were treated with ABA (100 μm) or water by foliar application and then grown under drought stress (no irrigation) or well-watered (irrigation on alternate days) conditions in a growth chamber. The two cultivars responded similarly to ABA application under both watering regimes. Foliar application of ABA had no effects on turf quality or physiological parameters under well-watered conditions. ABA application, however, helped maintain higher turf quality and delayed the quality decline during drought stress, compared to the untreated control. ABA-treated plants exposed to drought stress had higher cell membrane stability, as indicated by less electrolyte leakage of leaves, and higher photochemical efficiency, expressed as Fv/Fm, compared to untreated plants. Leaf water potential was not significantly affected, whereas leaf turgor pressure increased with ABA application after 9 and 12 d of drought. Osmotic adjustment increased with ABA application, and was sustained for a longer period of drought in `Midnight' than in `Brilliant'. The results suggested that exogenous ABA application improved turf performance during drought in both drought-sensitive and tolerant cultivars of kentucky bluegrass. This positive effect of ABA could be related to increased osmotic adjustment, cell turgor maintenance, and reduced damage to cell membranes and the photosynthetic system.

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Foliar Application of Abscisic Acid Induces Dormancy Responses in Greenhouse-grown Grapevines

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.46.9.1271 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 46 (9) ◽

pp. 1271-1277 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Yi Zhang ◽

Tracey Mechlin ◽

Imed Dami

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

Cold Acclimation ◽

Leaf Senescence ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Cold Treatment ◽

Leaf Age ◽

Physiological Changes ◽

Exogenous Aba ◽

Periderm Formation

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of foliar application of abscisic acid (ABA) on grapevine dormancy, specifically to: 1) determine the optimum foliar application concentration of ABA and 2) evaluate the morphological and physiological changes of greenhouse-grown grapevines in response to exogenous ABA application. Vitis vinifera ‘Cabernet Franc’ and Vitis spp. ‘Chambourcin’ with different leaf ages (40, 50, 80, 100, 110, and 120 days) were subjected to foliar ABA application at different concentrations (0, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1600, and 3200 mg·L−1) and to a cold-acclimated regime. Concentrations of 800 mg·L−1 or higher were phytotoxic and the optimum concentrations were between 400 and 600 mg·L−1. Optimum concentrations of ABA inhibited shoot growth and advanced growth cessation, periderm formation, and leaf senescence, which led to advanced dormancy in both cultivars. In this study, it was concluded that exogenous ABA induced endodormancy because single cuttings (not paradormant) under favorable growing conditions (not ecodormant) were used. Furthermore, grapevine response to ABA was influenced by leaf age and cold treatment. ABA was effective in inhibiting shoot growth and increasing periderm formation in the young vines with 40- to 50-day old leaves and the old grapevines with 80- to 120-day old leaves. However, ABA was effective in inducing early shoot cessation, leaf senescence and abscission, and dormancy in old vines with 100- to 120-day old leaves only. The advanced morphological and physiological changes induced by exogenous ABA mimicked those triggered by environmental cues during the cold acclimation process. It was suggested that advancing the cold acclimation process using foliar ABA application may be beneficial for long-season grape cultivars grown in regions with short growing seasons and early fall frost events.

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Drought Responses of Kentucky Bluegrass and Creeping Bentgrass as Affected by Abscisic Acid and Trinexapac-ethyl

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.133.1.20 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 133 (1) ◽

pp. 20-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Stephen E. McCann ◽

Bingru Huang

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Water Content ◽

Water Relations ◽

Growth Rates ◽

Untreated Control ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Creeping Bentgrass ◽

Kentucky Bluegrass ◽

Vertical Growth

The plant growth regulators abscisic acid (ABA) and trinexapac-ethyl (TE) may affect turfgrass responses to drought stress through regulating shoot growth and water relations. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of foliar application of TE and ABA on turf growth of two cool-season turfgrass species, Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) and creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) exposed to drought stress, and to examine water relations associated with changes in drought tolerance due to TE or ABA treatment. ‘L-93’ creeping bentgrass and ‘Brilliant’ Kentucky bluegrass plants were foliar sprayed with 0.904 mL·ha−1 a.i. TE five times before exposure to drought or with 6.75 mL/week of ABA at 100 μm before and after exposure to drought in growth chambers. Drought stress was imposed by withholding irrigation until plants were permanently wilted. Foliar application of TE or ABA maintained higher soil volumetric water content, leaf relative water content, and turf quality for a longer period of time during 28 days of stress exposure for Kentucky bluegrass and creeping bentgrass compared with the untreated control. Leaves of TE-treated and ABA-treated plants in both species also had lower ψS at 28 days of drought stress than the untreated control. Creeping bentgrass treated with TE or ABA and Kentucky bluegrass treated with TE exhibited significantly lower shoot vertical growth rates at the initiation of drought stress, but maintained higher growth rates during prolonged drought compared with the untreated control. Turf treated with TE or ABA also showed higher levels of photochemical efficiency than the untreated control for both species. Our results suggest that TE or ABA application could prolong the survival of turfgrass under conditions of drought stress by suppressing shoot vertical growth and lowering water use during the early phase of drought and by sustaining growth and photosynthetic activity during prolonged periods of drought stress through osmotic adjustment for retaining cellular hydration.

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Exogenous Abscisic Acid Alleviates Harmful Effect of Salt and Alkali Stresses on Wheat Seedlings

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17113770 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (11) ◽

pp. 3770

Author(s):

Xiaoyu Li ◽

Shuxin Li ◽

Jinghong Wang ◽

Jixiang Lin

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

Growth Regulation ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Water Solution ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Harmful Effect ◽

Shoot Biomass ◽

High Concentration ◽

Wheat Seedlings

Exogenous hormones play an important role in plant growth regulation and stress tolerance. However, little is known about the effect of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) on wheat seedlings under salt and alkali stresses. Here, a pot experiment of saline and alkaline stresses (0 and 100 mmol/L) in which ABA water solution (0, 50 and 100 μmol/L) was sprayed on wheat seedlings was conducted to study the alleviative effectiveness of ABA on salt and alkali stresses. After spraying ABA (50 μmol·L−1), shoot biomass increased 19.0% and 26.7%, respectively. The Na+ content in shoots reduced from 15-fold and 61.5-fold to 10-fold and 37.3-fold in salt and alkali stresses, compared to controls. In addition, proline and organic acid synthesis in shoots also reduced significantly, but the soluble sugar content increased under alkali stress. A high concentration of ABA (100 μmol·L−1) had no significant effects on biomass and ion content in wheat seedlings under both stresses. In conclusion, foliar application of ABA with moderate concentration could effectively accelerate shoot growth of salt-induced wheat seedlings by adjusting the levels of ions and organic solutes.

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