Cervical cancer in Canada: Changing patterns in incidence and mortality

Objective: To study the knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses at tertiary centre regarding cervical cancer screening. Material and Methods: Validated questionnaire was circulated amongst staff nurses at tertiary care centre after taking informed consent. Results and Discussion: Cancer of cervix is the most common genital tract malignancy in female and it is ranked second to breast cancer. It has a positive association with HPV infection. Cervical cancer incidence and mortality have declined substantially following introduction of screening programmes. This present study investigated the knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses at GTB Hospital towards cervical cancer risk factors, sign & symptoms and screening as they are important health professionals. In our study, the results showed that 99% of respondents were aware of Pap smear as screening programme and about 60-70% were aware of HPV as positive organism, but most of them never had a Pap smear done before. Majority of them did not know VIA, VILI and colposcopy as screening techniques. Conclusion: It may thus be recommended that institutions should periodically organize seminars and training for health personnel especially the nurses which form a group of professionals that should give health education to women about cervical cancer.

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Modeling the impact of screening policy and screening compliance on incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in the post-HPV vaccination era

Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/pubmed/fds040 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 539-547 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

B. F. de Blasio ◽

A. R. Neilson ◽

M. Klemp ◽

F. E. Skjeldestad

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Hpv Vaccination ◽

Screening Policy ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

The Impact

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Changing patterns of breast cancer incidence and mortality by education level over four decades in Norway, 1971–2009

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckw148 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 160-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Cassia B. Trewin ◽

Bjørn Heine Strand ◽

Harald Weedon-Fekjær ◽

Giske Ursin

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Breast Cancer Incidence ◽

Education Level ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Changing Patterns

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Detection of human papillomavirus type 16 oncogen E7 in surgical materials from Russian prostate cancer patients

Russian Journal of Biotherapy ◽

10.17650/1726-9784-2017-16-3-59-62 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 59-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. M. Volgareva ◽

V. D. Ermilova ◽

A. V. Khachaturyan ◽

V. V. Tatarskiy ◽

L. S. Pavlova

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Cervical Cancer ◽

High Speed ◽

Human Papillomaviruses ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Dna Preservation ◽

Human Papillomavirus Type 16 ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

E7 Oncogene

Introduction. High indices of prostate cancer (PC) incidence and mortality as well as high speed of growth of these figures testify to urgency of research into PC origin as well as means of its prophylaxis. The problem of possible PC association with oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPV) is still being disputable. Objective: to test whether surgical materials from PC patients in Russia harbour E7 oncogene of HPV type 16 (HPV16), the main HPV type responsible for cervical cancer. Materials and methods. Prostate tissues excised in the course of radical prostatectomy from 17 PC patients were tested by polymerase chain reaction. For better DNA preservation cryopreserved tumor specimens not treated with either formalin or paraffin were used. The PC typical multifocal type of growth was taken into account by microdissecting of cryostate cuts to accumulate homogeneous cells (cancerous, dysplastic or normal). Results. HPV16 E7 was registered in prostate tissues of 7 patients out of 17 examined including all those 5 cases for which DNA had been isolated from homogeneous sites of cancer cells. Conclusion. The result obtained enables one to admit that HPV16 may be harbored in prostates of Russian PC patients not infrequently.

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National and Subnational Trends of Incidence and Mortality of Female Genital Cancers in Iran; 1990–2016

Archives of Iranian Medicine ◽

10.34172/aim.2020.40 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (7) ◽

pp. 434-444

Author(s):

Sahar Eftekharzadeh ◽

Narges Ebrahimi ◽

Mehrnoosh Samaei ◽

Farnam Mohebi ◽

Bahram Mohajer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Gynecological Cancer ◽

Fold Increase ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Gynecological Cancers ◽

Corpus Uteri ◽

National Mortality ◽

Incidence And Mortality

Background: The present study aims to assess the incidence and mortality rates of gynecological cancers and their changes from 1990 to 2016 at national and subnational levels in Iran. Methods: Annual estimates of incidence and mortality for gynecological cancers from 1990 to 2016 at national and subnational levels were generated as part of a larger project entitled National and Subnational Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (NASBOD). After the precise processing of data extracted from the Iran Cancer Registry, annual age-standardized incidence and mortality rates were calculated for each cancer, province, year and age group during the period of the study. Results: In 2016, gynecological cancers constituted 8.0% of new cancer cases among women of all ages compared to 3.7% of new cases of cancer among women in 1990. The incidence rate of gynecological cancers has increased from 2.5 (0.9-5.6) per 100000 women in 1990 to 12.3 (9.3–15.7) per 100000 women in 2016, and the most common gynecological cancer has changed from cervical cancer in 1990 to corpus uteri cancer in 2016. Age-standardized incidence rates of ovarian, corpus uteri and vulvovaginal cancers increased from 1.3 (0.5–2.4), 1.7 (0.6–3.0), and 0.3 (0.0–0.7) in 1990 to 4.4 (3.6–5.2), 9.9 (6.8–13.4), and 0.6 (0.2–1.0) in 2016, respectively, showing a 3.3, 5.8 and 1.7-fold increase during this period. Age-standardized incidence rate of cervical cancer was 2.4 (1.7–3.3) cases per 100000 women in 2016 and did not differ significantly from the beginning of the study. An overall reduction was seen in national mortality to incidence ratios (MIR) from 2000 to 2015. Conclusion: The incidence rates of all gynecological cancers in different provinces have shown a converging trend that could indicate that attempts toward health equality have been effective. The declining trend of MIR could be interpreted as advancements in detection of cancer in its early stages and also improvements in treatments, in turn reflecting improvements in access to and quality of care.

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Early-Stage Cervical Cancer

Handbook of Research on Oncological and Endoscopical Dilemmas in Modern Gynecological Clinical Practice - Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-4213-2.ch011 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 139-157

Author(s):

Maria Luisa Fais ◽

Giorgio Candotti ◽

Giulia Carboni ◽

Speranza Luisa Anedda ◽

Valerio Mais ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Early Stage ◽

Reproductive Potential ◽

Conservative Surgery ◽

High Resource ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Fertility Sparing ◽

Early Stage Cervical Cancer ◽

Lymph Node Assessment

Recent advances in screening and early diagnosis have decreased cervical cancer incidence and mortality rate in high-resource settings. The postponement of childbearing and the young age of women at diagnosis produced new challenges in the management of this disease. In recent years, attention has been directed to assessing more conservative procedures that can reduce treatment-related morbidity, without compromising oncologic safety and reproductive potential. Fertility sparing surgery (FSS) procedures, including cervical conization, simple or radical trachelectomy with pelvic nodes dissection or sentinel lymph node assessment, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by conization, have shown encouraging results. In this chapter, the authors discuss the role of conservative surgery in the management of early-stage cervical cancer focusing on obstetrical and oncological outcomes.

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Impact of human papillomavirus (HPV) self-collection on subsequent cervical cancer screening completion among under-screened US women: MyBodyMyTest-3 protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Trials ◽

10.1186/s13063-019-3959-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lisa P. Spees ◽

Andrea C. Des Marais ◽

Stephanie B. Wheeler ◽

Michael G. Hudgens ◽

Sarah Doughty ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Cervical Cancer Screening ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Perceived Risk ◽

Pap Test ◽

Hpv Testing ◽

Cervical Cancer Incidence ◽

Incidence And Mortality

Abstract Background Screening substantially reduces cervical cancer incidence and mortality. More than half of invasive cervical cancers are attributable to infrequent screening or not screening at all. The current study, My Body My Test (MBMT), evaluates the impact of mailed kits for self-collection of samples for human papillomavirus (HPV) testing on completion of cervical cancer screening in low-income, North Carolina women overdue for cervical cancer screening. Methods/design The study will enroll at least 510 US women aged 25–64 years who report no Pap test in the last 4 years and no HPV test in the last 6 years. We will randomize participants to an intervention or control arm. The intervention arm will receive kits to self-collect a sample at home and mail it for HPV testing. In both the intervention and control arms, participants will receive assistance in scheduling an appointment for screening in clinic. Study staff will deliver HPV self-collection results by phone and assist in scheduling participants for screening in clinic. The primary outcome is completion of cervical cancer screening. Specifically, completion of screening will be defined as screening in clinic or receipt of negative HPV self-collection results. Women with HPV-negative self-collection results will be considered screening-complete. All other participants will be considered screening-complete if they obtain co-testing or Pap test screening at a study-affiliated institution or other clinic. We will assess whether the self-collection intervention influences participants’ perceived risk of cervical cancer and whether perceived risk mediates the relationship between HPV self-collection results and subsequent screening in clinic. We also will estimate the incremental cost per woman screened of offering at-home HPV self-collection kits with scheduling assistance as compared to offering scheduling assistance alone. Discussion If mailed self-collection of samples for HPV testing is an effective strategy for increasing cervical cancer screening among women overdue for screening, this method has the potential to reduce cervical cancer incidence and mortality in medically underserved women at higher risk of developing cervical cancer. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02651883, Registered on 11 January 2016.

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