National and Subnational Trends of Incidence and Mortality of Female Genital Cancers in Iran; 1990–2016

Background: The present study aims to assess the incidence and mortality rates of gynecological cancers and their changes from 1990 to 2016 at national and subnational levels in Iran. Methods: Annual estimates of incidence and mortality for gynecological cancers from 1990 to 2016 at national and subnational levels were generated as part of a larger project entitled National and Subnational Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (NASBOD). After the precise processing of data extracted from the Iran Cancer Registry, annual age-standardized incidence and mortality rates were calculated for each cancer, province, year and age group during the period of the study. Results: In 2016, gynecological cancers constituted 8.0% of new cancer cases among women of all ages compared to 3.7% of new cases of cancer among women in 1990. The incidence rate of gynecological cancers has increased from 2.5 (0.9-5.6) per 100000 women in 1990 to 12.3 (9.3–15.7) per 100000 women in 2016, and the most common gynecological cancer has changed from cervical cancer in 1990 to corpus uteri cancer in 2016. Age-standardized incidence rates of ovarian, corpus uteri and vulvovaginal cancers increased from 1.3 (0.5–2.4), 1.7 (0.6–3.0), and 0.3 (0.0–0.7) in 1990 to 4.4 (3.6–5.2), 9.9 (6.8–13.4), and 0.6 (0.2–1.0) in 2016, respectively, showing a 3.3, 5.8 and 1.7-fold increase during this period. Age-standardized incidence rate of cervical cancer was 2.4 (1.7–3.3) cases per 100000 women in 2016 and did not differ significantly from the beginning of the study. An overall reduction was seen in national mortality to incidence ratios (MIR) from 2000 to 2015. Conclusion: The incidence rates of all gynecological cancers in different provinces have shown a converging trend that could indicate that attempts toward health equality have been effective. The declining trend of MIR could be interpreted as advancements in detection of cancer in its early stages and also improvements in treatments, in turn reflecting improvements in access to and quality of care.

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Trends of Gynecological Cancers in Turkey: Toward Europe or Asia?

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer ◽

10.1136/ijgc-00009577-201710001-00001 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (8S) ◽

pp. S1-S9 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Murat Gultekin ◽

Irem Kucukyildiz ◽

Mujdegul Zayifoglu Karaca ◽

Selin Dundar ◽

Guledal Boztas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Cancer Registry ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Gynecological Cancer ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Tumor Type ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Gynecological Cancers ◽

Cervical Cancer Incidence ◽

National Cancer Registry

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate nationwide gynecological cancer trends in Turkey.MethodsNational cancer registry data (2009–2013) of Turkish Ministry of Health were evaluated. Ovarian, cervical, endometrial, vulvar, vaginal, and tubal cancers are evaluated with respect to age of diagnosis, incidence rates within years, stage, histological distributions, and mortality rates. Data were collected from active cancer registry centers, which increased from 23% in 2009 to 47.5% coverage of the whole population by 2012, and mortality data (2010–2015) were obtained from the Turkish Statistical Institute.ResultsA total of 16,023 gynecological cancers were evaluated among 116,940 female patients with cancer (13.7%). Average incidence for gynecological cancers was 22.7 of 100,000, representing 8437 total new cases annually. Incidence changes within time were not statistically significant, when evaluated for each tumor type. Estimated risk of gynecological cancer development before the age of 80 years was 3.08% (95% confidence interval, 3.07–3.09). The most common gynecological cancers were uterine corpus cancers, which were followed by ovarian and cervical carcinomas. Ovarian and uterine cancer incidences were closer to European levels rather than Asian countries, whereas cervical cancer incidence was extremely low. Gynecological cancers constituted an important fraction of cancer-related mortality in women by comprising approximately 10.35% of cancer-related deaths. Mortality rates due to gynecological cancers did not show a statistically significant increase within years.ConclusionsThis is the first national cancer registry report to be published for gynecological cancers by the Turkish Governmental Department. As a result, Turkish gynecological cancer epidemiological data were consistent with the data obtained from European and developed countries rather than Asian countries, except for cervical cancer incidence, which is extremely low.

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Trends of Gynecological Cancers in Turkey: Toward Europe or Asia?

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer ◽

10.1097/igc.0000000000001026 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (7) ◽

pp. 1525-1533 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Murat Gultekin ◽

Irem Kucukyildiz ◽

Mujdegul Zayifoglu Karaca ◽

Selin Dundar ◽

Guledal Boztas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Cancer Registry ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Gynecological Cancer ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Tumor Type ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Gynecological Cancers ◽

Cervical Cancer Incidence ◽

National Cancer Registry

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Cervical cancer screening: Twelve years experience of the Kazakhstan National Screening program.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e17520 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e17520-e17520

Author(s):

Raikhan Bolatbekova ◽

Dilyara Kaidarova ◽

Alma Zhylkaidarova ◽

Tolkyn Sadykova ◽

Yerlan Kukubassov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Mortality Rate ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Screening Program ◽

Gynecological Cancer ◽

Cervical Screening ◽

Precancerous Lesion ◽

Female Population ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Screening Coverage

e17520 Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is the most common gynecological cancer in Kazakhstan (KZ). Standardized incidence rate of CC was 16.7 per 100, 000, while the mortality rate was 5, 9 per 100, 000, in 2020. The National Cervical Screening program in KZ uses cytology (Pap test) from 2008, which is free of charge for women aged 30 to 70 years of age with an interval of 4 years. In 2017 Experts from ImPact Mission and analyzed existing CC screening revealed a number of recommendations aimed at reducing the screening interval and increasing the coverage. The purpose of this study was to analyze results of CC screening in KZ and his impact on CC incidence and mortality. Methods: Coverage, the number of screened women, the level of pre-cancer detection and cervical cancer during screening have been obtained from specific reports (form № 025, № 08) for 2008-2020. Results: The total number of screened women for 2008 were 554 283 women. There is a decrease in screening coverage to 45.9% in 2017 due to a decrease in funding. in this regard, in 2017, a number of changes were made to the existing screening program. In 2020 after the CC screening improvement 786 690 women were examined during the screening program, coverage rate was 66, 2%, . Analysis of screening results showed a marked increase in the detection of precancerous lesion from 0, 136 in 2008 to 0, 87 with an increasing by 37%. The analysis of CC incidence revealed significant changes: after the introduction of screening, an increase in the incidence rate is noted from 15.5 in 2008 to 20.1 per 100, 000 female population in 2015. Since 2015, there has been a significant decrease to 16.7 per 100, 000 women. Conclusions: Despite the positive results of screening, an increse the screening coverage, improvement in the detection of the initial stage of CC, mortality rate from CC and a one-year mortality remain high, which makes it necessary to improve the screening of CC in KZ through the introduction of HPV-screening

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Incidence and mortality rates of kidney cancers in Iran compared to its proportion throughout the world

Journal of Nephropharmacology ◽

10.15171/npj.2018.28 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 137-144

Author(s):

Elham Goodarzi ◽

Seyedeh Leila Dehghani ◽

Zaher Khazaei

Keyword(s):

Human Development ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Kidney Cancer ◽

Age Groups ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Related Risk ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

The World ◽

Cancer Project

Introduction: Kidney cancer was considered as the ninth common cancer worldwide. Its incidence and mortality has been increasing for decades. However, in recent years in many countries, there is a downward trend. Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the incidence and mortality rates of renal cancers in Iran compared to its proportion throughout the world. Materials and Methods: All mortality and incidence rates of all countries were extracted from the Global Cancer Project (GLOBOCAN) (data of 2012). The methods of estimation were quality of the estimation and country-specific that was dependent on the quality and on the amount of the available data of each country. Results: The rates have been shown in eight categories; world, very high human development, high human development, medium human development, low human development, less developed, more developed regions in addition to Iran. The rates of Iran were close to medium human developed region rates. In Iran, 1641 kidney cancers cases have been registered which 981 men and 660 women were reported with an overall incidence rate of 1.9 per 100 000 which is less than world incidence rate for kidney cancers. In Iran, the highest incidence was also among patients with age of 75 years and more. Additionally, the lowest incidence rates were among age groups of less than 15 years and age group of 45- 49 years. Conclusion: Considering the lower incidence and mortality rates of kidney cancer in Iran compared to other regions of the world, conducting more studies to find related-risk factors to decline the incidence rates of disease would be necessary.

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P3661Two-fold increase in incidence of infective endocarditis in the period 1997–2016: a Danish nationwide study

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0516 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

A Dalsgaard Jensen ◽

L Ostergaard ◽

N Eske Bruun ◽

M Voldstedlund ◽

C Torp-Pedersen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infective Endocarditis ◽

Hospital Mortality ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Temporal Trends ◽

Fold Increase ◽

Patient Characteristics ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Study Cohort ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

First Time

Abstract Background Infective Endocarditis (IE) is a disease with high mortality. Previous studies have shown considerable differences and contradicting trends in overall incidence and mortality why data from an unselected nationwide cohort is needed. Purpose We investigated temporal trends in the incidence rate and in-hospital mortality of IE in Denmark in the period of 1997–2016. Methods We included cases of first-time IE (1997–2016) using Danish nationwide registries. Crude incidence rates were given for each calendar year. Further, incidence rates were reported for subgroups of age and sex. For the analysis of patient characteristics and in-hospital mortality, the study cohort was grouped into four 5-year intervals (1997–2001, 2002–2006, 2007–2011, 2012–2016). Multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazard model was used to compare in-hospital mortality between groups. Results A total of 8,147 patients with IE were identified in the period of 1997–2016. The median age and proportion of males increased from 64.3 years (P25-P75: 48–75.5) and 59.1% to 71.8 years (P25-P75: 62.1–79.9) and 67.1% in 1997–2001 and 2012–2016, respectively. The overall incidence rate (Figure 1) increased from 4.68/100.000-person-years (PY) (CI95: 4.17–5.26) to 8.23/100.000 PY (CI95: 7.53–8.99) in 1997 and 2016, respectively. Male incidence increased from 5.35/100.000 PY (CI95: 4.59–6.23) to 11.03/100.000 PY (CI95: 9.9–12.29) and female incidence increased from 4.03/100.000 PY (CI95: 3.38–4.8) to 5.44/100.000 PY (CI95: 4.67–6.35) in 1997 and 2016 respectively. Incidence rates increased more than seven-fold for the oldest age group (≥80 years) from 1997 to 2016 (6.95/100.000 PY [CI95: 5.32–9.08] to 51.19/100.000 PY [CI95: 43.41–60.38], respectively). In-hospital mortality was significantly lower for patients with IE in the period of 2011–2016 compared with 1997–2001 HR: 0.8 (CI95: 0.69–0.92). Figure 1 Conclusion Infective endocarditis incidences are increasing mostly among men and elderly patients. In order to prevent this disease as best as possible, we need more knowledge on causes for this increasing incidence.

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Invasive Cervical Cancer among American Indian Women in the Northern Plains, 1994–1998: Incidence, Mortality, and Missed Opportunities

Public Health Reports ◽

10.1177/003335490512000311 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 120 (3) ◽

pp. 283-287 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Richard F. Leman ◽

David Espey ◽

Nathaniel Cobb

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

South Dakota ◽

American Indian ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Cervical Cancer Mortality ◽

North And South

Objectives. Cervical cancer mortality rates among the American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) population in North and South Dakota were five times the national average (15.6 per 100,000 vs. 3.1 per 100,000, age adjusted) when last evaluated (from 1989 through 1993). Our goals were to update the AI/AN population cervical cancer mortality rates and to present incidence rates for AI/AN women in the region. Methods. We reviewed charts for women diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer at Indian Health Service (IHS) facilities in North and South Dakota from 1994 through 1998 and collected information about cervical cancer screening and treatment history. Incidence and mortality rates were standardized to the 1970 U.S. population. Results. Twenty-one cases of invasive cervical cancer and eight deaths were identified. Annualized incidence and mortality rates were 11.5 per 100,000 and 4.5 per 100 000. These compare with national all-race/ethnicity rates of 8.5 per 100,000 and 2.7 per 100,000 for incidence and mortality. Fifteen (71%) of 21 cases were diagnosed due to symptoms. Conclusions. While cervical cancer mortality rates have declined, incidence and mortality rates among AI/AN women remain higher than in the general U.S. population. Increased use of pap tests and careful follow-up of abnormal results should be aggressively promoted among AI/AN women in North and South Dakota.

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Epidemiology of cervical cancer in Colombia

Salud Pública de México ◽

10.21149/spm.v56i5.7368 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 56 (5) ◽

pp. 431 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Nubia Muñoz ◽

Luis Eduardo Bravo

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Relative Survival ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Population Based ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Primary And Secondary Prevention ◽

Epidemiological Evidence ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Municipal Health

Objective. To describe the incidence, mortality, time trends and prognostic factors for cervical cancer in Cali, Colombia, and to review the molecular epidemiological evidence showing that HPV is the major and necessary cause of cervical cancer and the implications of this discovery for primary and secondary prevention. Materials and methods. Incidence rates of cervical cancer during a 45-year period (1962-2007) were estimated based on the population-based cancer registry of Cali and the mortality statistics from the Municipal Health Secretariat of Cali. Prognostic factors were estimated based on relative survival. Review of the molecular epidemiological evidence linking HPV to cervical cancer was focused on the studies carried out in Cali and in other countries. Results. Incidence rates of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) declined from 120.4 per 100 000 in 1962-1966 to 25.7 in 2003-2007 while those of adenocarcinoma increased from 4.2 to 5.8. Mortality rates for cervical cancer declined from 18.5 in 1984-1988 to 7.0 per 100 000 in 2009-2011. Survival was lower in women over 65 years of age and in clinical stages 3-4. Review of the molecular epidemiological evidence showed that certain types of HPV are the central and neces- sary cause of cervical cancer. Conclusions. A decline in the incidence and mortality of SCC and an increase in the incidence of adenocarcinoma during a 45-year period was documented in Cali, Colombia.

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CANCER OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM IN THE FAR EASTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT

Siberian Journal of Oncology ◽

10.21294/1814-4861-2020-19-2-23-37 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 23-37

Author(s):

V. P. Gordienko ◽

S. N. Leontjeva ◽

T. N. Korobkova

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Cervical Cancer ◽

Reproductive System ◽

Federal District ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Female Reproductive System ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Far Eastern

The aim of the study was to assess the incidence and mortality rates of female reproductive system cancer in the Far Eastern Federal District over the last ten years (2008–2017).Material and Methods. In our study we used statistical reports on the female reproductive system cancer incidence and mortality rates and 10-year follow-up data.Results. In 2017, 25155 new cases of female reproductive system cancer were diagnosed in the Far Eastern Federal District (26.6 % higher than in 2008). A total of 128776 patients (2.1 % of the population of the region) were followed up. Over the study period, there has been increase in the number of patients with stage I–II breast cancer (+4.8 %), cervical cancer (+6.3 %), uterine body (+3.9 %) and ovarian cancer (+5.7 %), with simultaneous reduction in the number of patients with advanced stages, except ovarian cancer (+5.0 %). For the past 10 years, cancer incidence rates have been steadily increasing, while cancer mortality rates have been decreasing with the exception of cervical cancer (+13.7 %). Morphological confirmation of the diagnosis (over 90 %) exceeded the national average ones. The number of patients followed-up for 5 or more years appeared to be lower than the average values in Russia; however the 1-year mortality rates after diagnosis improved. Ovarian cancer remains the most deadly of the gynecological cancers (22.9–27.9 %).Conclusion. Over the last ten years in the Far Eastern Federal District, in contrast to the overall decline in the mortality rates, there has been a steady increase in the incidence rates of female reproductive system cancer, except for cervical cancer.

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CANCER INCIDENCE AND MORTALITY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IN PRIMORSKY KRAI FOR THE 2008–2018 PERIOD

Siberian Journal of Oncology ◽

10.21294/1814-4861-2020-19-6-19-27 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 19-27

Author(s):

L. M. Minkina ◽

M. M. Tsvetkov ◽

Ya. S. Tikhonova ◽

M. A. Postoykina

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Cancer Registries ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Annual Growth Rate ◽

Primorsky Krai ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Cancer Incidence Rates

Background. Cancer is a leading cause of death in children and adolescents worldwide. The cancer incidence rate in children and adolescents has been on the rise for decades. Climatic, geographic and social factors of the region play an important role for cancer incidence.Objective: to analyze the cancer incidence and mortality rates in children and adolescents of Prymorsky krai.Methods. Cancer incidence rates in Russia for 2008–2018 as well as cancer incidence among children treated at the regional pediatric hematology/oncology center (Vladivostok, Russia) for 2014–2019 were analyzed.Results. No statistically significant differences in the cancer incidence rates for the 2008–2018 period between children and adolescents of Primorsky krai and the russian federation in the whole and the far-eastern federal district were found. In in Primorsky krai, there was a variability in the incidence rate during the analyzed period, a negative average annual growth rate in the group of children under 14 years of age (-0.86 %). For the 2008–2018 period, the cancer mortality rate in children and adolescents of Primorsky krai significantly decreased (from 5.65 ‰ in 2008 to 2.6 ‰ in 2018), with the average annual increase rate in children aged 017 years of -9.17 %. In 2014–2019, the quality of cancer detection improved significantly, and the number of children and adolescents with stage iiiiv cancer reduced.Conclusion. Cancer prevention and early detection can potentially reduce the cancer incidence and mortality rates in children and adolescents in Primorsky krai. Population-based cancer registries are needed for quantifying the burden of cancer in children and adolescents and assessing prevention and control programs.

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Long-Term Exposure to Fine and Coarse Particulate Matter and COVID-19 Incidence and Mortality Rate in Chile during 2020

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18147409 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (14) ◽

pp. 7409

Author(s):

Macarena Valdés Salgado ◽

Pamela Smith ◽

Mariel Opazo ◽

Nicolás Huneeus

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Negative Binomial ◽

Transport Model ◽

Surface Concentration ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Pm2.5 And Pm10

Background: Several countries have documented the relationship between long-term exposure to air pollutants and epidemiological indicators of the COVID-19 pandemic, such as incidence and mortality. This study aims to explore the association between air pollutants, such as PM2.5 and PM10, and the incidence and mortality rates of COVID-19 during 2020. Methods: The incidence and mortality rates were estimated using the COVID-19 cases and deaths from the Chilean Ministry of Science, and the population size was obtained from the Chilean Institute of Statistics. A chemistry transport model was used to estimate the annual mean surface concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 in a period before the current pandemic. Negative binomial regressions were used to associate the epidemiological information with pollutant concentrations while considering demographic and social confounders. Results: For each microgram per cubic meter, the incidence rate increased by 1.3% regarding PM2.5 and 0.9% regarding PM10. There was no statistically significant relationship between the COVID-19 mortality rate and PM2.5 or PM10. Conclusions: The adjusted regression models showed that the COVID-19 incidence rate was significantly associated with chronic exposure to PM2.5 and PM10, even after adjusting for other variables.

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