Antiviral activity of Siberian wild and cultivated plants

The article presents data on the antiviral activity of ethanol and aqueous extracts isolated from the herb plants Dracocephalum nutans, Glechoma hederacea, Melissa officinalis, Berteroa incana, Aegopodium podagraria, and Veronica longifolia against the A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) and A/chicken/ Kurgan/05/2005 (H5N1) subtypes of influenza A virus (IAV) in MDCK cell culture. It was found that the ethanol extracts of Glechoma hederacea, Berteroa incana, and Aegopodium podagraria have the antiviral activity in vitro in MDCK cell culture against H3N2 subtype of IAV. The aqueous extracts of Glechoma hederacea, Melissa officinalis, Aegopodium podagraria, and Veronica longifolia and ethanol extracts of Berteroa incana and Veronica longifolia are active against H5N1 subtype of IAV. None of the extracts of Dracocephalum nutans showed significant activity against the studied subtypes. The greatest efficiency was shown by the ethanol extract of Aegopodium podagraria against the H5N1 subtype and aqueous extracts from Glechoma hederacea and Melissa officinalis.against the H3N2 subtype. The ethanol extract of Berteroa incana has a high activity against both IAV subtypes, which makes this sample the most promising for creating new drugs for the prevention and treatment of influenza virus.

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In vitro antifilarial activity of extracts of the medicinal plant Cardiospermum halicacabum against Brugia pahangi

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x00000342 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 74 (3) ◽

pp. 241-246 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

W. Khunkitti ◽

Y. Fujimaki ◽

Y. Aoki

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Mtt Assay ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Adult Males ◽

Brugia Pahangi ◽

Ethanol Extracts ◽

Antifilarial Activity

AbstractThe in vitro effects of ethanol and aqueous extracts of the medicinal plant Cardiospermum halicacabum on adult worms and microfilariae of Brugia pahangi were investigated. With or without the plant extracts in culture medium, the motility of adult worms, microfilariae and microfilarial release from female worms were monitored daily. After 7 days of culture, viability or tissue damage of adult worms was assessed using the MTT assay. At > 500 μg ml-1, the aqueous extract significantly reduced motility of adult females after 24 h of exposure and adult males after 3 days. The aqueous extract, at > 500 μg ml-1, also significantly reduced microfilarial release from female worms, starting on day 2. The reduction in the motility of adult worms and the pattern of microfilarial release from female worms were concentration and time dependent. The MTT assay results revealed that adult worms cultured in the presence of aqueous extracts at > 500 μg ml-1 were damaged. However, the aqueous extract did not affect the motility of microfilariae with the exception of those in higher concentration extracts. Higher concentrations of ethanol extracts (2 mg ml-1) inhibited both the motility of adult worms and the release of microfilariae from females. Little effect of ethanol extracts was detected by the MTT assay, as only slight damage was caused to worms exposed only to the highest concentration (2 mg ml-1). However, ethanol extract at 500 μg ml-1 rapidly reduced the motility of microfilariae on day 2. The present study revealed that an aqueous extract of C. halicacabum has mild but definite direct macrofilaricidal action on B. pahangi.

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Antiviral activity and chemical characterization of Cissus erosa (Vitaceae) ethanol extracts

Rodriguésia ◽

10.1590/2175-7860202071052 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 71 ◽

Author(s):

Adriana Cotta Cardoso Reis ◽

Hélia Maria Marques de Moura ◽

Breno Mello Silva ◽

Alaíde Braga de Oliveira ◽

Geraldo Célio Brandão

Keyword(s):

Antiviral Activity ◽

Zika Virus ◽

High Performance ◽

Colorimetric Method ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Virus Activity ◽

Stems And Leaves ◽

Ethanol Extracts

Abstract Cissus erosa (Vitaceae), popularly known in Brazil as Cipó-fogo, is a medicinal plant used in the treatment of warts and external ulcers. The present study aimed to evaluate the activity of stems and leaves ethanol extracts of C. erosa against the Dengue and Zika virus by the MTT colorimetric method and to carry on the phytochemical characterization of active extracts by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Only the leaves ethanol extract showed anti-Dengue virus activity EC50 18.2 µg/ml (SI > 27.5) and low cytotoxicity for LLCMK2 cells (CC50 > 500 mg/ml). Both extracts (stems and leaves) showed anti-Zika virus activity with EC50 of 45.8 mg/ml and 82.8 mg/ml, respectively. These extracts presented CC50 of 309.2 µg/ml (leaves) and 387.6 µg/ml (stems) to Vero cells. Analysis by CCD and HPLC-DAD detected the presence of triterpenes, steroids, flavonoids and tannins. UPLC-MS analyses of these extracts, allowed the identification of the majority of flavonoids present known as vitexin, isovitexin, orientin, isoorientin and two flavones derivatives, methoxyluteolin-6(8)-C-hexosyl and luteolin-7,4’-di-O-glycosylflavone. The results of the phytochemical studies here described suggest that flavonoids and terpenoids are the substances that contribute to the antiviral activity of the ethanol extracts within this species.

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Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of Quercetin Brominated Derivatives

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1501000920 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elza Karimova ◽

Lidia Baltina ◽

Leonid Spirikhin ◽

Tagir Gabbasov ◽

Yana Orshanskaya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Culture ◽

Influenza Virus ◽

Acetic Acid ◽

Antiviral Activity ◽

Pandemic Influenza ◽

Mdck Cell ◽

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Glacial Acetic Acid ◽

Absolute Ethanol ◽

Influenza Virus A

Reaction of quercetin (QR) (1) with bromine under various conditions was studied. Interaction of QR with 2–3 equiv. of bromine in glacial acetic acid at 35–40°C for 2–4 h and 20–22°C for 24 h led to the formation of QR 6,8-dibromide (2) (52–54% yields, 96–98% purity by HPLC). Interaction of QR with 2–5 equiv. bromine in absolute ethanol at 0–5°C and 20–22°C for 24 h led to the formation of 3- O-ethyl-QR-2,3,6,8,5′-pentabromide (3) (95–97% purity by HPLC) the output of which depends on the quantity of bromine. It was shown in MDCK cell culture that compound 2 exhibits a moderate inhibitory activity against pandemic influenza virus A/H1N1/pdm09 (EC50 6.0 μg/mL, CTD50 97.7 μg/mL, SI 16). Compound 3 was inactive.

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Investigation of the Antiviral Activity of Experimental Samples Obtained from the Grass and Roots of Alchemilla vulgaris L. Against Vaccinia Virus and Ectromelia Virus

Drug development & registration ◽

10.33380/2305-2066-2019-8-4-9-15 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 9-15

Author(s):

N. A. Mazurkova ◽

M. A. Protsenko ◽

E. I. Filippova ◽

T. A. Kukushkina ◽

G. I. Vysochina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Culture ◽

Antiviral Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Vaccinia Virus ◽

Smallpox Vaccination ◽

Experimental Sample ◽

Ectromelia Virus ◽

Ethanol Extracts ◽

Promising Source

Introduction. The abolition of smallpox vaccination after its elimination in 1980 led to a decrease in the immunocompromised immunity in humans. Zoonotic monkeypox, camelpox, buffalopox and cowpox viruses that are close to the variola virus also pose a danger to humans. In Russia today there are no effective and safe medicines for the prevention and treatment of smallpox and other orthopoxvirus infections in humans and animals. The Lady's mantle (Alchemilla vulgaris) is a promising source for the development of new antiviral drugs. Previous studies have found that Alchemilla vulgaris shows activity against influenza virus and herpes simplex virus.Aim. The aim of this work was to study the chemical composition and antiviral activity of extracts from the roots and the grass of Alchemilla vulgaris against orthopoxviruses.Materials and methods. Qualitative analysis of the samples was performed by high performance liquid chromatography. Quantitative analysis was performed using a complex of spectrophotometric methods. To determine the toxicity and antiviral activity of experimental samples from Alchemilla vulgaris in vitro, a transplantable Vero cell culture was used. Antiviral activity of the obtained preparations was evaluated by reducing the infectivity (titer) of orthopoxviruses in the monolayer of Vero cells infected with orthopoxviruses in the presence of preparations with different concentrations relative to the cell culture infected with orthopoxviruses without the preparations.Results and discussion. It was shown that the experimental sample from Alchemilla vulgaris obtained by the method of ethyl acetate extraction from the roots of the studied plant and purified with chloroform contains mainly catechins and leucoanthocyanins (70 %). In parallel, extract from the raw mass of the grass of the plant purified with chloroform and ethanol contains the amount of flavonoids (71 %). Wherein the content of flavonoids in unpurified ethanol extracts from the roots and the grass of Alchemilla vulgaris composed 5 % and 6 %, respectively. It was revealed that purified preparations obtained from Alchemilla vulgaris roots when using ethyl acetate and ethanol as extractants showed antiviral activity against vaccinia virus and ectromelia virus, as well as preparations obtained from grass by ethanol extraction.Conclusion. Thus, purified ethyl acetate extracts from the roots and ethanol extracts from the wet grass mass of Alchemilla vulgaris exhibit antiviral activity against orthopoxviruses in vitro.

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Antiviral Activity of Specific siRNA against Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase of Influenza Virus H1N1 in MDCK Cell Culture

MOJ Immunology ◽

10.15406/moji.2015.02.00068 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hamid Reza Mollaei

Keyword(s):

Cell Culture ◽

Influenza Virus ◽

Antiviral Activity ◽

Mdck Cell ◽

Virus H1n1

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TOTAL PHENOL AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF FIVE SPECIES OF LAMIACEAE FAMILY

Periódico Tchê Química ◽

10.52571/ptq.v16.n32.2019.257_periodico32_pgs_239_249.pdf ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (32) ◽

pp. 239-249

Author(s):

Sthéfane Guimarães ARAÚJO ◽

Paula Avelar AMADO ◽

Maria Eduarda Amaral PINTO ◽

Ana Hortência Fonsêca CASTRO ◽

Luciana Alves Rodrigues dos Santos LIMA

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Volatile Compounds ◽

Harmful Effect ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Melissa Officinalis ◽

Ic50 Value ◽

Ethanol Extracts ◽

Low Activity

Lamiaceae family has a cosmopolitan distribution, including about 300 genus and 7500 species. Numerous diseases have been related to free radicals overproduction. Antioxidant capacity is related to compounds capable of protecting a biological system against the potentially harmful effect of processes or reactions involving reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. In the present study, the ethanol extracts, obtained by maceration of Melissa officinalis, Mentha sp., Ocimum basilicum, Plectranthus barbatus, and Rosmarinus officinalis were evaluated for antioxidant activity, the total phenolic content was determined, and volatile compounds were identified by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Ethanol extracts of M officinalis, Mentha sp., P. barbatus, and R. officinalis were able to reduce the free radical DPPH with IC50 of 3.81, 11.89, 6.92 and 11.54 μg/ml respectively, presenting better activity than the BHT, used as a standard. However, the ethanol extract of O. basilicum showed low activity and high IC50 value. Total phenols of all extracts ranged from 85.18 to 212.74 μg/ml. The highest phenolic concentration was observed in the ethanol extract of M. officinalis. Analysis of volatile compounds showed the presence of phytol in all extracts, being predominant in P. barbatus and R. officinalis, and also nonadecane and heptadecane in M. officinalis. Fractions obtained from the five species of Lamiaceae also presented antioxidant effect. In the most active fractions were mainly phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids, tannins, and coumarins. These results encourage new studies with these species in order to isolate the compounds responsible for this antioxidant activity so that in the future they can be used as natural antioxidants.

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Evaluation of the cytotoxic and antiviral effects of ethanol extract of three Opuntia species of Peste des Petits ruminant virus

Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.4314/tjpr.v19i10.16 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (10) ◽

pp. 2123-2128

Author(s):

Imran Altaf ◽

Faryal Ashraf ◽

Muhammad Ashraf ◽

Moneeb Ashraf ◽

Aqeel Javeed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiviral Activity ◽

Vero Cell ◽

Cultured Cells ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Cytotoxicity Activity ◽

Opuntia Species ◽

Vero Cell Line ◽

Antiviral Activities ◽

Ethanol Extracts

Purpose: To assess in vitro the virocidal effects of different species of cactus plant on the lethal action of Peste des petits virus (PPRV).Method: Ethanol extracts of different cactus plants were obtained. A serial twofold dilution of the extracts was prepared. Cytotoxic and antiviral activities were examined through MTT assay at various concentrations. Vero cell lines were grown in 96 well plates up to an 80 % confluent monolayer. The plates were divided into two groups, one for antiviral and the other for cytotoxicity activity. The cells were exposed to various concentrations of the ethanol extracts to assess the cytotoxicity, whereas to assess the antiviral activity, PPRV was re-incubated with the extracts and then exposed to cells. MMT dye was added and the results were evaluated as cell survival (%).Results: At higher concentrations, i.e., 500 - 1000 μg/mL, ethanol extracts from all the Opuntia species displayed cytotoxic effects. The ethanol extract of OM exhibited the greatest antiviral potential of all the extracts, while the extract of Opuntia stricta (OS) was the least effective against PPRV in the cultured cells. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in the concentration of Opuntia manocantha (OM), Opuntia delinii OD and Opuntia stricta (OS) with reference to antiviral activity. OM showed antiviral activity against PPRV from 3.25 to 125 μg/mL, OD antiviral activity from 31.25 to 62.5 ug/ml whereas OS showed antiviral activity at 2.5 μg/mLConclusion: The ethanol extract of Opuntia species reduces the infection of PPRV in Caprine. Keywords: Cactus, Opuntia spp., Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV), Vero cell line

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Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Moringa oleifera Leaves Extracts against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Asian Journal of Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ◽

10.9734/ajbgmb/2021/v7i130166 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 34-43

Author(s):

Sheriffdeen Bale Issa ◽

Muhyiddeen Muazu ◽

Isma’il Rabi’u

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

E Coli ◽

Ethanol Extracts

This study tests the antibacterial activities of Moringa oleifera leaf extract against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, obtained from Microbiology laboratory, Al-Hikmah University Ilorin. Phytochemical analysis reveals the presence of tannins in all the three extracts (Aqueous, ethanolic and N-hexane), while. flavonoids, alkaloids and Saponins were only present in the Aqueous and ethanolic extracts. The leaves extracts were screened for antibacterial activity by agar well diffusion method, employing five different extracts concentrations (100mg/ml, 80mg/ml, 60mg/ml, 40mg/ml and 20mg/ml). The aqueous extracts had a mean activity of 11.50±0.70mm, 7.50±0.70mm and 8.5±0.70mm for S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa respectively. The ethanol extracts had a mean activity of 12.00±1.41mm, 10.00±1.41mm and 8.00±1.21mm for S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa respectively, while the N-hexane extracts exert no any activity. The antibiotics discs exert more inhibitory effect compared to the extract. The MIC for the aqueous extracts are at a concentrations of 60mg/ml for S. aureus, 80mg/ml for P. aeruginosa and 80mg/ml for E. coli. While that of the ethanol extract of the leaves are at a concentration of 60mg/ml for S. aureus, 80mg/ml for E. coli and 100mg/ml for P. aeruginosa. The MBC for the aqueous Extract of the leaves are at a concentration of 80mg/ml for S. aureus, 100mg/ml for P. aeruginosa and 100mg/ml for E. coli, while that of the ethanol extract are at a concentration of 80mg/ml for S. aureus and 100mg/ml for E. coli), while no any MBC was recorded for P. aeruginosa. The antibacterial activity tests indicate that the ethanol extract was more active. Among the three isolates, S. aureus is more sensitive to the aqueous and ethanol extracts. The activity exhibited by the extracts may be related to the presence of a number of Phytoconstituents.

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