scholarly journals Thermal Zones Modelling for an Energy Efficient Commercial Building – Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 03034
Author(s):  
Elena Camelia Tamaş (Papuc) ◽  
Dragoş Hera ◽  
Gianni Flamaropol ◽  
Graţiela Maria Ţârlea
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Commercial Building ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Modelling Analysis ◽  
Building Geometry ◽  
Lighting Systems

Our paper is referring to a commercial building having a good thermal insulation, compacted shape with three basements, from which two are for parking and technical areas in the underground, and the other floors are mainly for retail, technical rooms, offices and a terrace for walking and events. The methodology used in our building thermal zones modelling analysis is including: all used measured areas within the building; all materials related to the building envelope with high thermal efficiency values; all activities performed within the respective areas; the heating and cooling activities for each zone; the lighting and controls used for each zone; the building geometry related to the data requirements, loads, air conditioning and lighting systems areas; the building usage schedules; Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) and electrical system specifications along the weather data. The building thermal zones modelling simulation was performed based on the air set point temperature, ventilation fresh air rate and the room destination. After monitoring the building along four operational years, the energy consumptions for heating and cooling systems were obtained for each thermal zone and for the entire building. Some technical measures to improve the building energy performances are proposed based on the monitoring period.

Building-Integrated Thermoelectrics as Active Insulators and Heat Pumps

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon M. Headings ◽  
Gregory N. Washington
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Energy Transport ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Thermal Mass ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Commercial Building ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Heating And Cooling

Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) accounts for 40% to 60% of residential and commercial building energy consumption, making this a critical component of energy usage in the face of rising energy prices. Building-integrated thermoelectrics (BITE) may provide a step towards adaptive homes and buildings that offer significantly improved efficiency and comfort. Integrating thermoelectrics into thermal mass and resistance (insulation) wall systems presents a fundamental shift from optimizing heating and cooling source efficiencies and minimizing building-envelope energy losses to a new regime where an active envelope is optimized to most efficiently eliminate those losses. This approach not only offers improved energy efficiency, but improves the uniformity and consistency of temperature, eliminates the need for all other heating and air conditioning equipment including thermal energy transport, and provides the platform for adaptive zone heating and cooling which can provide additional efficiency gains. Because of the solid-state nature of thermoelectrics, such a system would be reliable, low maintenance, silent, and clean. This paper examines various wall configurations and sizing for thermal mass, resistance, and thermoelectric components. A dynamic simulation is used to demonstrate how proper system design of thermal resistance and capacitance elements with existing thermoelectric materials may improve the typically low coefficient of performance of thermoelectric devices, making it competitive with traditional building systems. The results for different wall configurations are shown as a basis for future configuration design and optimization.

Design and experimental analysis of a solar thermoelectric heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system as an integral element of a building envelope

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Ahmad Gondal
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Thermoelectric Module ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Cooling Effects

This study presents an innovative concept of a compact integrated solar-thermoelectric module that can form part of the building envelope. The heating/cooling modes use the photovoltaic electrical current to power the heat pump. The experimental analysis was carried out and the results of coefficient of performance were in the range 0.5–1 and 2.6–5 for cooling and heating functions, respectively. The study demonstrates that thermoelectric cooler can effectively be used for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning applications by integrating with solar panels especially in cooling applications. The system is environmentally friendly and can contribute in the implementation of zero energy buildings concept. Practical application: In order to help address the challenge of climate change and associated environmental effects, there is continuous demand for new technologies and applications that can be readily integrated into day-to-day life as a means of reducing anthropogenic impact. Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning, as one of the largest energy consumers in buildings, is the focus of many researchers seeking to reduce building energy use and environmental impact. This article proposes using facades and windows that have an integrated modules of solar photovoltaic cells and thermoelectric devices that are able to work together to achieve heating and cooling effects as required by the building without requiring any external operational power.

scholarly journals Updated Typical Weather Years for the Energy Simulation of Buildings in Mediterranean Climate. A Case Study for Sicily

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 4115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Costanzo ◽  
Gianpiero Evola ◽  
Marco Infantone ◽  
Luigi Marletta
Keyword(s):  
Residential Building ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Simulation ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Weather Station ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Energy Simulations

Building energy simulations are normally run through Typical Weather Years (TWYs) that reflect the average trend of local long-term weather data. This paper presents a research aimed at generating updated typical weather files for the city of Catania (Italy), based on 18 years of records (2002–2019) from a local weather station. The paper reports on the statistical analysis of the main recorded variables, and discusses the difference with the data included in a weather file currently available for the same location based on measurements taken before the 1970s but still used in dynamic energy simulation tools. The discussion also includes a further weather file, made available by the Italian Thermotechnical Committee (CTI) in 2015 and built upon the data registered by the same weather station but covering a much shorter period. Three new TWYs are then developed starting from the recent data, according to well-established procedures reported by ASHRAE and ISO standards. The paper discusses the influence of the updated TWYs on the results of building energy simulations for a typical residential building, showing that the cooling and heating demand can differ by 50% or even 65% from the simulations based on the outdated weather file.

ENERGY ANALYSIS FOR LIGHTING AND AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM OF AN ACADEMIC BUILDING

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tee Boon Tuan ◽  
Ahmad Zubair Yahaya ◽  
Younus Fahad Breesam ◽  
Reduan Mat Dan ◽  
Muhammad Zulfattah Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Energy Analysis ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Academic Building

Energy analysis is important to analyze energy consumption pattern, monitoring on how the energy used varies with time in the building and how the system element interrelate. In this case study, a preliminary energy audit is done on lighting and air-conditioning system. The lighting and airconditioning system consume the highest amount from the total building energy usage. The study was conducted in the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Building, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia (UTeM) Technology Campus. From the result shows  that the air-conditioning system has contributed approximately 48.8% from the total monthly energy usage. The estimation of Building Energy Index (BEI) for the cooling load is 655.19 kWh/m²/year. Meanwhile, the BEI for lighting system is found approximately 150 kWh/m2/year. 

scholarly journals Building energy modelling for the energy performance analysis of a hospital building in various locations

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 06073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioan Silviu Dobosi ◽  
Cristina Tanasa ◽  
Nicoleta-Elena Kaba ◽  
Adrian Retezan ◽  
Dragos Mihaila
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Hospital Building

The building sector has been identified as having the greatest energy reduction potential and therefore represents a key factor for the European Union climate change combat objectives of achieving an 80-95% greenhouse gas emissions reduction by 2050. Hospitals buildings represent 7% of the nonresidential building stock in the European Union and are responsible for approximately 10% of the total energy consumption in this sector. The design and construction of hospital buildings is a complex and challenging activity for all the involved specialists, especially when energy performance is one of the objectives. This paper discusses the energy performance simulation on an hourly basis of a new hospital building that was constructed in the city of Mioveni, Romania. At this stage of the study, the building energy model solely investigates the performance of the building envelope, without modelling the HVAC system. The complexity of the building model derives from the multitude of thermal zones depending on interior temperature and ventilation air changes conditions. Several simulations are performed investigating the heating and cooling energy need depending on the building location.

scholarly journals Automatic Control Unit for Air-Condition System in Building

2019 ◽  
Vol 260 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Pairach Tanuphol ◽  
Chaichan Pothisarn
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Comfort Zone ◽  
Actual Field ◽  
Wireless Module ◽  
Automatic Control Unit

Electrical energy usage has been rapidly increased in the building sector due to shifting in population from rural to urban area. In the building, Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system. Especially air-condition system has taken the most substantial proportion of overall building energy consumption. This result from a large amount of energy must be used in order to provide a comfort zone for occupants in the building. So, this paper aims to proposed design and built prototypes of air-condition control unit that can automatically operate according to schedule. The prototypes using a wireless module to send the control signal to the air-conditioning unit. Specific software has been built to set the desired operating schedule and duration of an operation. The performance of the proposed unit will be evaluated using an experiment on actual field test by installing on actual air-condition in the case study building. The result has shown that the proposed unit can reduce energy usage in air-conditioning significantly compare with little cost for the controller unit.

Continuous Monitoring, Modeling, and Evaluation of Actual Building Energy Systems

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxim L. Sankey ◽  
Sheldon M. Jeter ◽  
Trevor D. Wolf ◽  
Donald P. Alexander ◽  
Gregory M. Spiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Practical Procedure ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Institute Of Technology

Residential and commercial buildings account for more than 40% of U.S. energy consumption, most of which is related to heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC). Consequently, energy conservation is important to building owners and to the economy generally. In this paper we describe a process under development to continuously evaluate a building’s heating and cooling energy performance in near real-time with a procedure we call Continuous Monitoring, Modeling, and Evaluation (CMME). The concept of CMME is to model the expected operation of a building energy system with actual weather and internal load data and then compare modeled energy consumption with actual energy consumption. For this paper we modeled two buildings on the Georgia Institute of Technology campus. After creating our building models, internal lighting loads and equipment plug-loads were collected through electrical sub-metering, while the building occupancy load was recorded using doorway mounted people counters. We also collected on site weather and solar radiation data. All internal loads were input into the models and simulated with the actual weather data. We evaluated the building’s overall performance by comparing the modeled heating and cooling energy consumption with the building’s actual heating and cooling energy consumption. Our results demonstrated generally acceptable energy performance for both buildings; nevertheless, certain specific energy inefficiencies were discovered and corrective actions are being taken. This experience shows that CMME is a practical procedure for improving the performance of actual well performing buildings. With improved techniques, we believe the CMME procedure could be fully automated and notify building owners in real-time of sub-optimal building performance.

Short-term load forecasting coupled with weather profile generation methodology

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangya Zhu ◽  
Tin-Tai Chow ◽  
Norman Tse
Keyword(s):  
Input Data ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Load Forecasting ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Generation Model ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Forecasting Accuracy ◽  
Building Load

Short-term building load forecasting is indispensable in daily operation of future intelligent/green buildings, particularly in formulating system control strategies and assessing the associated environmental impacts. Most previous research works have been focused on studying the advancement in forecasting techniques, but not as much on evaluating the availability of influential factors like the predicted weather profile in the coming hours. This article proposes an improved procedure to predict the building load 24 hours ahead, together with a backup weather profile generating method. The quality of the proposed weather profile generation model and the forecasting procedures were examined through a case study of application to university academic buildings. The results showed that the load forecasting accuracy with the application of either the real weather data on record or of the predicted weather data from the profile generation model is very much similar. This indicates that the weather prediction model is suitable for applying to building load forecasting. Besides, the comparisons between different sets of input data illustrated that the forecasting accuracy can be improved through the input data filtering and regrouping procedures. Practical application: A weather profile prediction technique for use in building energy forecasting was introduced. This can be coupled to a building energy use forecasting model for predicting the hourly consumption profile of the next day. This prediction time span can be crucial for formulating the daily operation plan of the utility systems or for smart micro-grid applications. The appropriateness of the methodology was evaluated through a case study.

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