scholarly journals Sizing of biomass-fired ORC cogeneration unit within coal-fired municipal heating plant back fitting project

2019 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 01042
Author(s):  
Jacek Kalina ◽  
Mateusz Świerzewski
Keyword(s):  
District Heating ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Electric Power Output ◽  
Ecological Constraints ◽  
Reference Case ◽  
Water Storage Tank ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
Heating Plant

The problem discussed in this paper is optimal sizing of biomass-fired ORC cogeneration units into existing coal-fired district heating plants under given site-specific technical, economic and ecological constraints. In this paper the municipal heating plant in Krosno (Poland) is taken into account as the reference case. Basing on the operational experiences from this unit an optimisation study has been performed in order to examine the influence of current economic and legal conditions on the optimal design characteristics of the plant. Different electricity, biomass and coal prices are taken into account as well as the influence of the EUA (European Emission Allowance) price is examined. There are taken into account thermal energy storage and sale of electricity on balancing market. It has been found that in the studied case the implementation of hot water storage tank moves the optimal electric power output slightly towards higher values. On the other hand only a small improvement of financial performance has been gained. The results reveal importance of the optimisation of design parameters as well as the dependence of the plant’s size and structure on local economic conditions.

scholarly journals The Impact of Optimal Demand Response Control and Thermal Energy Storage on a District Heating System

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Salo ◽  
Aira Hast ◽  
Juha Jokisalo ◽  
Risto Kosonen ◽  
Sanna Syri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Demand Response ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Response Control ◽  
Water Storage Tank ◽  
The Impact

Demand response has been studied in district heating connected buildings since the rollout of smart, communicating devices has made it cost-effective to control buildings’ energy consumption externally. This research investigates optimal demand response control strategies from the district heating operator perspective. Based on earlier simulations on the building level, different case algorithms were simulated on a typical district heating system. The results show that even in the best case, heat production costs can be decreased by only 0.7%. However, by implementing hot water thermal storage in the system, demand response can become more profitable, resulting in 1.4% cost savings. It is concluded that the hot water storage tank can balance district heating peak loads for longer periods of time, which enhances the ability to use demand response strategies on a larger share of the building stock.

Power District Heating at Brno, Czechoslovakia

1944 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-213
Author(s):  
W. Kulka
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Boiler House ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Saturated Steam ◽  
Heat Accumulation ◽  
Secondary Importance ◽  
Pipe Line ◽  
Line Pressure ◽  
Heating Plant

The most effective way to large-scale saving in industrial fuel is the pooling of power and steam consumption. This method, if spread over a wide area, say an industrial town or district, inevitably paves the way to district heating. Ordinary district heating stations, distributing only low-pressure saturated steam or hot water from one central boiler house to consumers in the vicinity, are of but secondary importance when the aim is high overall thermal efficiency in the distribution and consumption of power and heat. Satisfactory economy can only be achieved by installing high-pressure stations and using the pressure drop down to the pipe line pressure for the generation and supply of electric power. Not every community or district is, however, entirely suitable for the establishment of a power-heating plant. The difficulties arise from the geographical position of the industrial areas compared with the location of the mainly residential districts, from the customary times of use of heat and power, and, last but not least, from long-standing habits or traditions in the production and utilization of heat. The power district heating plant built during 1928–30 at Brno, capital of Moravia, Czechoslovakia, is described as an example where considerable difficulties were overcome. Due to its absolute success, the plant subsequently served as a guide in the planning of far larger stations of this kind. The description in the paper embraces the general layout of the plant, followed by details of the boiler house, back-pressure and condensing turbines, piping inside the station, desuperheater, feed arrangement and make-up plant, heat accumulation, and finally the distribution of steam to the consumers. Further, the report gives some important features of the operation, difficulties arising and how they were mastered.

Optimal Upgrade of a District Heating Plant Into a Polygeneration Plant Using Biomass as Feedstock

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Salomón ◽  
María F. Gómez ◽  
Andrew R. Martin
Keyword(s):  
District Heating ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Detailed Model ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Heat Demand ◽  
Fundamental Process ◽  
Investment Cost ◽  
Heating Up ◽  
Heating Plant

This paper aims at evaluating the possible upgrading of an existing district heating plant for production of electricity and pellets. The evaluation is carried out by optimizing the alternatives from the economic, thermodynamic and environmental point of view. In order to examine how the design can be optimized, a detailed model of the process has been elaborated using ASPEN Utilities and Matlab optimization toolbox. The parameters of the polygeneration plant have then been varied in order to examine how optimal economic benefit can be extracted from the biomass streams whilst still meeting the fundamental process demands of the industries and heat demand of the community. A multi-objective optimization has been used to investigate the Pareto-optimal trade-offs that exist between low electricity costs and investment cost. The resulting polygeneration plant designs conclude that it is feasible to produce 18 and 25 MW of power while at the same time supplying the process steam required by the nearby industries and district heating for the community. The results also shown that it is feasible to operate the plant more hours per year by producing pellets and it could be possible to generate additional district heating (up to 25 ton/h of hot water) to cover the demands of a growing community.

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