scholarly journals Groundwater recharge by high-salinity lake water in a density-driven flow dominated system: an isotopic approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 12024
Author(s):  
Nicolás Valiente ◽  
David Sanz ◽  
Juan José Gómez-Alday
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Discharge Zone ◽  
Density Driven Flow ◽  
Terminal Lakes ◽  
Endorheic Basin

Pétrola Lake is a terminal lake located in the discharge zone of an endorheic basin. Terminal lakes may be responsible for a significant amount of recharge from evaporated saline water, increasing the salinity of the shallow groundwater. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the interaction between groundwater and saline water from Pétrola Lake in order to improve the knowledge of groundwater recharge processes by density-driven flow (DDF) in terminal lakes. To achieve this goal, hydrochemical (chloride concentration) and stable isotope (δ18O and δDH2O) data were used. The isotopic composition of 190 groundwater and surface water samples collected between September 2008 and July 2015 provide a regression line (δDH2O = 5.0·δ18O – 14.3‰, R2 = 0.95) consistent with dominant evaporation processes. In the basin, groundwater recharge is mainly produced by Atlantic-derived precipitation. In the lake, isotope data suggested that the loss of water occurred at humidity values between 60% and 75%. The saline boundary layer is formed at elevated salt concentrations. Leakage from the lake to the underlying aquifer would take place with salinities from 1.24 g/cm3 by means of the DDF. This study contributes to better understand the role of DDF in terminal lakes.

Effect of Salinity on Reaeration Coefficient of Receiving Waters

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (5-7) ◽  
pp. 139-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Gung Wen ◽  
Jao-Fuan Kao ◽  
Lawrence K Wang ◽  
Chii Cherng Liaw
Keyword(s):  
Saline Water ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Tidal River ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Water Quality Analysis ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Reaeration Coefficient ◽  
Receiving Waters

A practical method of determining reaeration coefficients would greatly aid design engineers in determining the degree of wastewater treatment required for a proposed effluent discharge. Many previous tidal river and estuary studies emphasized mainly the effects of flow conditions (such as velocity, water depth, turbulent intensity, hydraulic gradient, etc.) and temperature on stream aeration, and the effect of salts was not seriously considered. In this research a new mathematical model of reaeration coefficient considering the effect of salts has been developed for water quality analysis in tidal rivers and estuaries. The reaeration coefficient in saline water, k2s(day−1, base e) at any chloride concentration C(g/l) and at 20°C, can be expressed byin which k2f is the reaeration coefficient in fresh water at 20°C. The correlation coefficient of k2s/k2f and C is 0.88.

THE ROLE OF EPHEMERAL PONDS IN GROUNDWATER RECHARGE IN THE CANADIAN PRAIRIES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Ireson ◽  
◽  
Garth van der Kamp ◽  
Edward Bam
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Ephemeral Ponds

scholarly journals Mechanisms of passivation and chloride-induced corrosion of mild steel in sulfide-containing alkaline solutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shishir Mundra ◽  
John L. Provis
Keyword(s):  
Mild Steel ◽  
Surface Film ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Sulfide Concentration ◽  
Chloride Induced Corrosion ◽  
Alkaline Sulfide ◽  
High Sulfide

AbstractThe pore fluid within many concretes is highly alkaline and rich in reduced sulfur species, but the influence of such alkaline-sulfide solutions on the surface film formed on steel reinforcement is poorly understood. This study investigates the critical role of HS− in defining mild steel passivation chemistry. The surface film formed on the steel in alkaline-sulfide solutions contains Fe(OH)2 and Fe–S complexes, and the critical chloride concentration to induce corrosion increases at high sulfide concentration. However, this behavior is dependent on the duration of exposure of the steel to the electrolyte, and the nature of the sulfidic surface layer.

The Role of Chloride Concentration on the Pitting Kinetics of Aluminum

2021 ◽  
Vol MA2021-02 (9) ◽  
pp. 568-568
Author(s):  
Evangelia Kiosidou ◽  
Jayendran Srinivasan ◽  
Philip James Noell ◽  
Michael Anthony Melia ◽  
Eric John Schindelholz
Keyword(s):  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals Groundwater recharge processes in an Asian mega-delta: hydrometric evidence from Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 2917-2932
Author(s):  
Sara Nowreen ◽  
R. G. Taylor ◽  
M. Shamsudduha ◽  
M. Salehin ◽  
A. Zahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Groundwater Depletion ◽  
Bengal Basin ◽  
River Channels ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Pleistocene Aquifer

AbstractGroundwater is used intensively in Asian mega-deltas yet the processes by which groundwater is replenished in these deltaic systems remain inadequately understood. Drawing insight from hourly monitoring of groundwater levels and rainfall in two contrasting settings, comprising permeable surficial deposits of Holocene age and Plio-Pleistocene terrace deposits, together with longer-term, lower-frequency records of groundwater levels, river stage, and rainfall from the Bengal Basin, conceptual models of recharge processes in these two depositional environments are developed. The representivity of these conceptual models across the Bengal Basin in Bangladesh is explored by way of statistical cluster analysis of groundwater-level time series data. Observational records reveal that both diffuse and focused recharge processes occur in Holocene deposits, whereas recharge in Plio-Pleistocene deposits is dominated by indirect leakage from river channels where incision has enabled a direct hydraulic connection between river channels and the Plio-Pleistocene aquifer underlying surficial clays. Seasonal cycles of recharge and discharge including the onset of dry-season groundwater-fed irrigation are well characterised by compiled observational records. Groundwater depletion, evident from declining groundwater levels with a diminished seasonality, is pronounced in Plio-Pleistocene environments where direct recharge is inhibited by the surficial clays. In contrast, intensive shallow groundwater abstraction in Holocene environments can enhance direct and indirect recharge via a more permeable surface geology. The vital contributions of indirect recharge of shallow groundwater identified in both depositional settings in the Bengal Basin highlight the critical limitation of using models that exclude this process in the estimation of groundwater recharge in Asian mega-deltas.

The Role of Groundwater Recharge in Wastewater Reuse: Israel's Dan Region Project

1980 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 391-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel Idelovitch ◽  
Richard Terkeltoub ◽  
Medy Michail
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Wastewater Reuse

scholarly journals Seasonal Groundwater Recharge Characterization Using Time-Lapse Electrical Resistivity Tomography in the Thepkasattri Watershed on Phuket Island, Thailand

Hydrology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yacob T. Tesfaldet ◽  
Avirut Puttiwongrak
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Vadose Zone ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Discharge Zone ◽  
Hydrogeological Model ◽  
Resistivity Tomography

Understanding the recharge mechanisms in the vadose zone is crucial to groundwater management and artificial recharge development. In this study, a systematic characterization of seasonal groundwater recharge was done using time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography (time-lapse ERT). The objective of this study was to characterize the seasonal groundwater recharge through the vadose zone and streams. A total of six electrical resistivity surveys in two locations were taken during the dry and rainy seasons using an advanced geosciences incorporated (AGI) SuperSting R2 resistivity meter in 2018. Then, time-lapse inversion was calculated using the dry season ERT as the base model and the rainy season ERTs as the monitoring datasets. The results showed a significant decrease in inverted resistivity from the dry season to the rainy season, which suggests rainwater infiltration through the vadose zone. Similarly, significant water level rise was observed in wells monitored during the survey indicating groundwater recharge. The time-lapse ERT showed, in one case, the Nang Dak stream and the unsaturated zones are the preferential groundwater recharge zones throughout the year; in another case, the Rieng stream is the groundwater discharge zone and the vadose zone is the preferential recharge zone. Finally, a simplified conceptual hydrogeological model representing the study area is presented to visualize the recharge mechanisms in the study area.

scholarly journals Estimation of Shallow Groundwater Recharge Using a Gis-Based Distributed Water Balance Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Graf ◽  
Jan Przybyłek
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Water Balance Model ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Plateau Area ◽  
Summer Half ◽  
Groundwater Infiltration ◽  
Infiltration Method ◽  
Infiltration Recharge

Abstract In the paper we present the results of shallow groundwater recharge estimation using the WetSpass GISbased distributed water balance model. By taking into account WetSpass, which stands for Water an Energy Transfer between Soil, Plants and Atmosphere under quasi-Steady State, for average conditions during the period 1961-2000, we assessed the spatial conditions of the groundwater infiltration recharge process of shallow circulation systems in the Poznan Plateau area (the Great Poland Lowland in western Poland), which is classified as a region with observed water deficits. For three temporal variants, i.e. year, winter and summer half-years, we determined using the geological infiltration method by about 5-10% on average, marginally by 20%.

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