scholarly journals Effect of addition of coal sludge to polymeric material on thermal effects in analysis by TG/DTG/DSC methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 03002
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kijo-Kleczkowska ◽  
Adam Gnatowski ◽  
Magdalena Szumera ◽  
Henryk Otwinowski ◽  
Dariusz Kwiatkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Material ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Air Atmosphere ◽  
Coal Cleaning ◽  
Coal Sludge ◽  
Material Sample ◽  
Dsc Curves

The paper presents the application of thermal analysis methods in the study of various materials: coal sludge, polymeric material and composites of a polymer with coal sludge (fraction of coal sludge in composites: 1%, 3% and 5%). TG/DTG/DSC curves obtained during measurements in air atmosphere were analyzed. Polymers are used in many industries, that is why their thermal characteristics are so important. On the other hand, the mining industry, forced to supply power plants better quality fuel, must perform more thorough coal cleaning. This results in a continuous increase in waste in the form of coal sludge. The best method of disposing of these wastes is thermal utilisation (combustion and co-combustion), as well as use in composites with other materials. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the effect of the addition of coal sludge to the polymer on the energetic effect and the rate of mass change of the material sample during the thermal process by TG/DTG/DSC methods.

scholarly journals Sustainable Coal Mining and Electricity Generation: With Special Reference to Dahanu Thermal Power Station

2020 ◽  
Vol Special Issue (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sugat Tajane ◽  
Manika Kamthan
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Thermal Power Station ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
Mineral Development

Mining Industry is often tagged as a polluting sector since it involves since it involves extensive resource exploitation by unsustainable methods. The techniques involved in mining cause tremendous destruction to the environment and health of people living in nearby areas. There is a growing consensus on sustainable and efficient mineral development which will avoid the clash between economic and environmental interests. Deployment of advanced and sustainable technological solutions in the entire mining process, fixing the gaps in its regulatory mechanisms and learning from the successes of specific domestic and international mining operations are certain solutions that have the capacity this sector more productive. The paper provides insights into the problems of mining sector and possible solutions to overcome these problems. It also provides examples of certain best practices adopted by mining corporations for sustainable coal mining. The paper also explores various methods and technologies which can be adopted by Thermal Power Plants to reduce their emissions and simultaneously conserve environment. An empirical study of Dahanu Thermal Power Station located in state of Maharashtra of India has been undertaken for this purpose to study the modern technologies adopted by them to lower their emission levels.

scholarly journals Structural And Thermal Characteristics of Aluminum Grades 6063 and 7075 with Application of Nano Coatings

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.32) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Ch Sridhar Yesaswi ◽  
N Venkata Sai ◽  
K Vivek ◽  
B Raju ◽  
G Venkat
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Technology Advancement ◽  
Nano Coating ◽  
Metal Pipes

To fabricate any product, material selection is one of the major constraints for many engineers even on today. An intensive research is being done by scientists and engineers over the properties and characteristics of the materials. Due to the technology advancement, applications of various new products are entering into market with different materials. From the past few decades composites and alloy materials are playing a vital role because of their unique nature. In the present work heat exchangers are taken into application. In nuclear and power plants heat exchangers plays a crucial role in cooling the reactors. When these are made to cool with water by sending through metal pipes over a period of time, metal pipes get easily corroded because of water and thermal conductivity of the metal. When base metals are coated with Nano-particles there is a drastic change in their behavior. In this paper Aluminum grade 6063 and grade 7075 are considered and coated with Al2O3-NaOH Nano fluids. Their thermal and structural characteristics are identified before and after Nano coating.    

Optimization of Deformable-Adhesive Application on the Chip-Apply Process

2006 ◽  
Vol 514-516 ◽  
pp. 848-852
Author(s):  
Isabel Macedo ◽  
Marta C. Oliveira ◽  
André Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Deformation Behaviour ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Mechanical Compression ◽  
Air Atmosphere ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Deformation Level ◽  
Adhesive Application ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dsc Curves

A study on the impact of batch-to-batch variability of a commercial wet adhesive on its plastic deformation behaviour is here presented. In the chip-apply process, a controlled and stable plastic deformation under thermal-mechanical compression is expected after the first of a two-step curing, named pre-cure. Wet adhesive batches rheological, mechanical and chemical characteristics are available but no information on deformation behaviour is provided. Different pre-curing recipes and oven atmospheres were tested and the plastic deformation was induced by applying pre-defined thermo-compression parameters. Results indicate that shorter pre-cure cycles at higher temperature, under air atmosphere, reduce batch-to-batch deformation variability. DSC curves support these findings. A correlation between deformation level and rheological properties could also be observed, which can be very useful in the triage of adhesive batches for specific process parameters window.

scholarly journals 14C Measurements at PWR-Type Nuclear Power Plants in Three Middle European Countries

Radiocarbon ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 439-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
György Uchrin ◽  
Ede Hertelendi ◽  
Gábor Volent ◽  
Ondrej Slavik ◽  
Jozef Morávek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Unit ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Discharge Rate ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
A Value ◽  
Discharge Rates ◽  
C 50 ◽  
Ring Analysis

Regular 14C sampling of discharged air began in 1988 at Paks Nuclear Power Plant (NPP), Hungary, and in 1991 at NPPs in Krsko, Slovenia and Bohunice, Slovakia. Monitoring of 14C discharges is carried out at all NPPs with similar differential samplers continuously collecting 14C in the form of 14CO2 and 14CnHm. The main results of airborne discharge monitoring are as follows: 14C activity concentration varied roughly within a factor of two around their mean values, 125 Bq m-3 and 90 Bq m-3 for Paks and for Krsko NPP, respectively. The pattern of discharge for Bohunice NPP is slightly different from that at the other two stations. At Bohunice, there has been a continuous increase in the discharge rate at power unit V1, starting with 70 Bq m-3 in 1991 and reaching a value of 190 Bq m-3 in 1995. The values for power unit V2 are 50 Bq m-3 and 82 Bq m-3. The average normalized yearly discharge rates are 0.887 (TBqGWe-1yr-1) for Paks, 0.815 (V1) and 0.500 (V2) for Bohunice, and 0.219 for Krsko. Most of the discharged 14C is in hydrocarbon form, 95% for Paks and Bohunice V2, but the CO2 fraction may reach 25% or 43% at Bohunice V1 and Krsko, respectively. At Bohunice V1, not only the discharge rate increased but the 14CO2 ratio to the total changed from 30% to 13%. The local radiological impact is estimated to be 1.5 μSv a-1 for Paks, 1.7 μSv a-1 for Bohunice, and 0.12 μSv a-1 for Krsko. The 14C excess in the environment has been measured at Paks NPP since 1989. Based on the monitoring data, the long-term average 14C excess from the Paks NPP was D14C=50% for hydrocarbons. Tree-ring analysis has shown a slight excess around Krsko NPP: D14C is equal to 199.9% for a tree at 1 km from the NPP compared with a “reference” one for which D14C was equal to 111.6% (in 1994).

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS AND INVESTIGATION OF THERMOSTATABILITIVE ACTION ON POLYSTYRENE OF NEW METHACRYLIC MONOMERS BASED ON AURONE

2018 ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
N. Iukhymenko ◽  
O. Kharchenko ◽  
V. Smokal ◽  
А. Kolendo
Keyword(s):  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Air Atmosphere ◽  
Sample Weight Loss ◽  
Material Sample ◽  
Methacrylic Monomers ◽  
Dta Curves ◽  
Modified Polystyrene

In this work, 6-hydroxy- and 4'-hydroxyaurones were synthesized by condensation reaction of 6-hydroxybenzofuran-3-one with benzaldehyde and benzofuran-3-one with 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde. Methacrylic monomers – (2Z)-6-methacryloxy-2-(4-R-benzylidene)-1-benzofuran-3-(2H)-one and a new 4-[(Z)-(3-oxo-1-benzofuran-2-(3H)ilidene)methyl]phenyl-2-methyl acrylate were obtained by acylation with the methacryloyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine as HCl acceptor at the temperature 0–5°C. These monomers were synthesized to create special purpose polymers. New methacrylic derivatives are not deeply painted and stable in air crystalline monomers. The structure of the synthesized compounds was confirmed by spectral methods. 1H NMR (400 MHz) spectra were recorded on a Mercury (Varian) 400 spectrometer with tetramethylsilane as internal standard in DMSO-d6. The intrachain thermostabilizing effect of these monomers on the polystyrene destruction processes was studied. Polystyrene and its modified samples were obtained by radical thermoinitiated polymerization (initiator – azo-bis-isobutyronitrile – 1 mass percent) in ethyl acetate at the temperature 78°C during 16 hours. In a case modified samples, 3 mol percent of aurone containing monomers were added. Destruction of modified polystyrene was studied by using dynamic thermogravimetric analysis. Destruction of modified polystyrene was carried out in a Simultaneous Differential Thermogravimetric Analyzer which combines a heat-flux type DTA with a TGA (Shimadzu, DTG-60, Japan). Simultaneous TG, DTG and DTA curves were obtained and sample weight loss as functions of time and temperature were recorded continuously under dynamic conditions. Sintered a-alumina was used as the reference material. Sample with mass of 4 mg was inserted directly into platin crucible and temperature was ramped from 20 to 600°C. The heating rates were controlled at 10°C/min. Experiments were performed under an air atmosphere. It was established, that the investigated additives covalently attached to the polystyrene are inhibited the polystyrene destruction processes. Moreover, the additive with the methacrylic group in 6-position of the aurone is significantly more efficient than with the methacrylic group in 4’- position. It has been shown that samples of modified polystyrene by the applications of 4'-methacryloxy aurone and 6-methacryloxy aurone are more thermostable than the industrial sample of polystyrene of brand STYRON (Switzerland). It was shown that the temperature of 10% of the mass loss of modified samples is higher on 14–34 degrees than for the sample of polystyrene of brand STYRON. Thus, the new additives could be proposed for thermostabilizing of polystyrene production.

scholarly journals Prospects for the use of coal of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for energy needs

2020 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 05016
Author(s):  
Nikita Pavlov ◽  
Liudmila Takaishvili ◽  
Vasiliy Zakharov
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Coal Processing ◽  
Coal Resources ◽  
Coal Deposits ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Small Capacity

The Republic has significant resources for the development of mining, export and domestic consumption, including the energy needs of the republic and neighboring regions. The article provides a retrospective analysis of the supply of Yakut coal for energy needs and the structure of capacities by energy resources. The estimation of power-generating coal resources, including low-grade products of coking coal processing of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), is given. Characteristics of coal deposits are presented, which are useful for energy needs. Projects for the development of coal-fired energy in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) are presented. The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) has significant coal resources for the development of coal-fired power plants. Coal power facilities play a closing role in meeting the demand for electricity and heat. The use of coal for the development of coal-fired energy in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) can be determined by the development of mining industry, the construction of power plants of small capacity in isolated areas, as well as the possibility of exporting coal-fired power plants.

scholarly journals Directions of Career Transport Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-150
Author(s):  
Mark L. Khazin
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Dump Truck ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Dump Trucks ◽  
Mining Dump Truck

Since the beginning of the civilization emergence, people began to use the minerals extraction on the surface of the Earth and the rock mass transportation. One of the main tasks of the mining industry is the transportation of an increasing rock mass amount from the quarry, which has caused the need to increase the power and carrying capacity of mining dump trucks. Today, we can assume that the revolutionary period of increasing the carrying capacity in the creation of heavy-duty dump trucks is over. Further improvement of the designs of frame dump trucks is impractical. To create super-powerful dump trucks capable of efficiently transporting rock mass from deep horizons, fundamentally different designs of machines and power plants are needed. The most important requirement for promising machines is to minimize the negative impact on the environment. In its development, mining vehicles have come a long way: a hand wheelbarrow - a horse cart - a truck - a diesel mining dump truck - a diesel-electric mining dump truck - an electric mining dump truck - an unmanned electric mining dump truck. According to the law of the transition from quantity to quality, it can be assumed that the period of increasing the carrying capacity of mining dump trucks has ended (quantitative changes), and a new period of qualitative changes begins (the development of new types of mining transport, an increase in the specific capacity of a power plant, the use of other energy carriers, etc.). An important area is the use of artificial intelligence: robotic dump trucks, self-diagnostic systems, etc. The main requirement for promising machines is to reduce the cost of transporting rock mass and a minimum negative impact on the environment.

Silicate Brick with Reduced Density and Thermal Conductivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 1011 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Oleg Jivotkov ◽  
Vladimir Kotlyar ◽  
Grigorii Kozlov ◽  
Irina Jivotkova ◽  
A. Kozlov
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Chemical And Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Silicate Materials

Modern housing practice involves the widespread use of silicate brick. The main disadvantage of this building material is its high average density, accompanied by high thermal conductivity, which is accompanied by large heat losses through the enclosing walls of buildings and structures. This article discusses the possibility of improving the thermal characteristics of silicate materials through the use of ash microspheres in the production of piece silicate products, which will significantly reduce the thermal conductivity of the manufactured material. Ash microspheres, being a component of ash and slag waste from the thermal power plants, have a number of valuable properties: firstly, very low density, secondly, closed micro porosity, thirdly, chemical and mineralogical composition prone to reactions under conditions of elevated temperatures and pressures. We have studied the chemical and mineralogical composition as well as physical and mechanical properties of ash microspheres, developed the compositions and technological parameters for the silicate materials production. It has been established that the replacement of quartz sand with ash microspheres as part of the molding mass makes it possible to obtain a silicate brick of medium density class 1.0 and strength sufficient to erect load-bearing enclosing products and structures. Compositions of molding materials using a silicate binder and aluminosilicate ash microspheres using the generally accepted methods were developed and the properties of the obtained silicate material and were studied in accordance with the current GOST requirements for the similar materials.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document